Essential oil, juice, and ethanol extract from bergamot confer improving effects against primary dysmenorrhea in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanhai Zhang ◽  
Fang Kong ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea

scholarly journals Radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extracts of Echinophora sibthorpiana Guss. from Macedonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenija Mileski ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Ana Ciric ◽  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
M. Ristic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Positive Controls

This study was undertaken to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of essential oil and extracts of Echinophora sibthorpiana Guss. (fam. Apiaceae) collected in Macedonia. The chemical composition of E. sibthorpiana essential oil was characterized by the presence of methyl eugenol (60.40%), p-cymene (11.18%) and ?-phellandrene (10.23%). The free radical scavenging activity of extracts and essential oil was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. The aqueous extract of aerial parts exhibited the strongest scavenging activity (IC50=1.67 mg/ml); results of the ABTS test showed that the most effective was the ethanol extract of aerial parts (1.11 mg vit. C/g). The essential oil showed stronger antioxidant activity compared to hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid and quercetin that were used in the DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations in the extracts ranged between 38.65-60.72 mg GA/g, and 3.15-19.00 mg Qu/g, respectively. The antimicrobial properties of the extracts and essential oil were investigated using a micro-well dilution technique against human pathogenic strains. The results were comparable with the effects of the positive controls, streptomycin and fluconazole. These findings indicate that E. sibthorpiana extracts and oil can be used in preventive treatments and as an alternative for synthetic preservatives.

scholarly journals Total Phenols, Identification of Active Compounds and Anticancer Activity of Salvia judaica Boiss against the breast Cancer Cell MDA-231

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Total Phenols

Salvia judaica is an annual herb from genus Salvia L.; the largest genera of Lamiaceae. It’s a medicinal plant prominent in pharmaceutical applications in many countries around the world. This study aimed to explore bioactive compounds likely to be responsible for the plant anticancer activity, and evaluate anticancer effects, after determining the total content of phenols in the ethanol extract and essential oil in this species. Ethanol extract (EE) and essential oil (EO) were prepared from dried aerial parts (leaves and the flower). GC-MS analysis of EO showed the presence of/43/ effective compounds in varying proportions, the major compounds were sesquiterpenes like delta-cadinene, alpha-Gurjunene, beta-humulene, and alpha-caryophyllene. This is the first study revealed that S.judaica is so rich in phenols which proceeded S.officinalis, noting the superiority of the EE over the EO samples in the total phenols. Anticancer properties of EE and EO of S. judaica against MDA-231 breast cancer cell line were studied -for the first time - by cell cycle analysis and Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay using Flow cytometry technique. Cells were treated with EE (0.001, 0.01, 0.02, 0.1mg/ml) and EO (0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 mg/ml) at various concentrations for48 h. The results revealed that both EE and EO induced cell cycle arrest at G1-phase. Cells treated with EE and EO for 48h showed increasing the percentage of cells in G1-phase and decreasing the percentage of cells in S-phase with increasing concentration compared with untreated cells (control). Annexin V-FITC/PI assay confirmed that EO and EE were able to induce apoptosis. Cells treated with EOat (0.04 mg/ml) for 48h resulted in apoptotic cells at 96.68%, and necrotic cells at 0.12%, compared with untreated cells. On the other hand, Cells treated with EE at (0.1 mg/ml) for 48h resulted in apoptotic cells at 94.43%, and necrotic cells at 0.47%, compared with control. Results revealed that EO is better than EE as anticancer; treatment with EO resulted in more apoptotic cells and less necrotic cells, and there were significant differences between them. This confirmed that EO contains specific anticancer compounds as showed by GC-MS analysis. However, more studies should be performed to explore antioxidants present in S.judaica and determine the underlying mechanism of their anti-breast cancer properties.

scholarly journals Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome As a Potential Dental Plaque Preventive Agent

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Triana Hertiani ◽  
Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi ◽  
Iramie Duma Kencana Irianto ◽  
Aini Febriana
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Biofilm Inhibitor

Dental plaque prevention can be achieved by inhibition of mouth cavity microbes to built biofilm. Kaempferia galanga rhizome has been known as a potential antibacterial agent. This research aimed to reveal the potency of Kaempferia galanga extract and essential oil as anti plaque active agents, based on their in vitro inhibitory activity against the planktonic growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 21752. Kaempferia galanga extract was obtained by defatting dried-pulverized samples in petroleum ether prior to immersion in 70% ethanol. The fresh rhizome was steam-hydro distilled for 6 h to yield the essential oil. Antibacterial and anti biofilm assays were measured by micro dilution technique on polystyrene 96-wells micro titer plates at 37°C. The percentage of inhibition was calculated by comparing the absorbance of samples to the vehicle (control) measured by micro plate reader at 595 nm. Biofilms formed were first stained by 1% crystal violet. The above assays were performed in triplicates. This study revealed that both K. galanga rhizome essential oil and ethanolic extract showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity towards S. mutans. The ethanol extract showed MIC90 value at 0.091% w/v and MBC at 2.724% w/v for antibacterial activity; IC50 at 0.048 % w/v for anti biofilm formation activity; and EC50 at 0.052%w/v for biofilm degradation activity. Until the highest concentration tested (0.6%w/v), the MIC90 and MBC values of the essential oil were not revealed, but higher biofilm inhibitory activity i.e. IC50 at 0.025 % w/v; and EC50 at 0.034 %w/v were observed. Key words: biofilm inhibitor, antibacterial, Kaempferia galanga

scholarly journals PROMOTION OF ORGANIC AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE THROUGH THE USE OF BIO-FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Barsha Kc ◽  
Bidhya Pandey ◽  
Himani Chand ◽  
Prashamsa Bhusal ◽  
Sukriti Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Crystallization Point

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) belongs to the family Leguminosae. It is commonly growing in tropical and subtropical regions now and is one of the most important plant resources as cuisine materials. Antioxidative activity of tamarind seeds was investigated. An ethanol extract prepared from the seed coat contained antioxidative activity as measured by the thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. Essential oils are highly odorous droplets found in minimal quantities in the flowers, stems, leaves, roots and barks of aromatic plants. They are not recognized as true oils as the vegetable oils, but highly fluid and volatile. Experts recognize an essential oil by its aroma and test the oil characteristics such as vaporization and crystallization point using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC has emerged as a powerful experimental technique for determining thermodynamic properties of biomacromolecules. Volatile components of tamarind leaves and seed locally grown will be isolated by Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). The presence of essential oil as the volatile components will be investigated to determine whether this method is effective or not to extract the oil from tamarind leaves and seed. The parameters that will be measured are the time for the oil droplets formation and the optimum temperature for the extraction of oil. At the end of the extraction, amber color oil was obtained. Results showed that the time for the oil droplets formation increasing with the increasing weight of sample for both tamarind leaves and seed samples. The optimum temperature for the extraction obtained was 125ºC with the yield of 1.2 mL of seed oil. The vaporization and crystallization point of oil are presented in the DSC curve and the specific heat capacity of the oil are calculated.

Antioxidant activity and chemical compositions of essential oil and ethanol extract of Chuanminshen violaceum

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmin Dong ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Ji Liu ◽  
Liwen Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compositions

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Citrus aurantium and C. limon Essential Oils on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Villafañe ◽  
Diego Tolosa ◽  
Alicia Bardón ◽  
Adriana Neske
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest

Citrus aurantium and C. limon were selected in the search for natural plant insecticides. The essential oils of C. aurantium and C. limon and ethanol extracts of the seeds, pulp, albedo, and peel of C. aurantium were incorporated into the larval diet of the lepidopteran pest Spodoptera frugiperda. Larval and pupal mortality were quantified and adult malformation was observed. C aurantium essential oil had antifeedant action and the mixture of albedo ethanol extract and C aurantium essential oil had toxic effects on S. frugiperda larvae at early stages, when they had not yet produced major damage to the crop. Our results indicated that a mixture of ethanol extract of albedo and C. aurantium essential oil (250 μg of extract mix per g of diet) deterred feeding by 46% and had the highest larval mortality (100%) of the materials tested. The peel extract (250 μg per g of diet) produced an increment in growth rate and diet consumption. However, 40% of the larval and 45% of the pupal populations died after 96 h of treatment. The blend of essential oil and C. aurantium albedo ethanol extract showed the lowest consumption and a poor nutrient conversion into biomass. Finally, the presence of D-limonene and nootkatone in the peel ethanol extract, and C. limon and C. aurantium essential oils, may be the cause of the response in the feeding behavior and toxic effects found on S. frugiperda.

Antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial constituents from the essential oil and ethanol extract of Salvia potentillifolia

2009 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Kivrak ◽  
Mehmet Emin Duru ◽  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Nazime Mercan ◽  
Mansur Harmandar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract
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