scholarly journals Novel application and validation of in vivo micro‐CT to study bone modelling in 3D

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulas Oz ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ruellas ◽  
Philip M. Westgate ◽  
Lucia H. Cevidanes ◽  
Sarandeep S. Huja
Keyword(s):  
Micro Ct ◽  
Bone Modelling

scholarly journals Modelling the skeletal muscle injury recovery using in vivo contrast-enhanced micro-CT: a proof-of-concept study in a rat model

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Paun ◽  
Daniel García Leon ◽  
Alex Claveria Cabello ◽  
Roso Mares Pages ◽  
Elena de la Calle Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Injury ◽  
Monitoring Time ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Injury Recovery

Abstract Background Skeletal muscle injury characterisation during healing supports trauma prognosis. Given the potential interest of computed tomography (CT) in muscle diseases and lack of in vivo CT methodology to image skeletal muscle wound healing, we tracked skeletal muscle injury recovery using in vivo micro-CT in a rat model to obtain a predictive model. Methods Skeletal muscle injury was performed in 23 rats. Twenty animals were sorted into five groups to image lesion recovery at 2, 4, 7, 10, or 14 days after injury using contrast-enhanced micro-CT. Injury volumes were quantified using a semiautomatic image processing, and these values were used to build a prediction model. The remaining 3 rats were imaged at all monitoring time points as validation. Predictions were compared with Bland-Altman analysis. Results Optimal contrast agent dose was found to be 20 mL/kg injected at 400 μL/min. Injury volumes showed a decreasing tendency from day 0 (32.3 ± 12.0mm3, mean ± standard deviation) to day 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 after injury (19.6 ± 12.6, 11.0 ± 6.7, 8.2 ± 7.7, 5.7 ± 3.9, and 4.5 ± 4.8 mm3, respectively). Groups with single monitoring time point did not yield significant differences with the validation group lesions. Further exponential model training with single follow-up data (R2 = 0.968) to predict injury recovery in the validation cohort gave a predictions root mean squared error of 6.8 ± 5.4 mm3. Further prediction analysis yielded a bias of 2.327. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced CT allowed in vivo tracking of skeletal muscle injury recovery in rat.

scholarly journals An In Vivo 3D Micro-CT Evaluation of Tooth Movement After the Application of Different Force Magnitudes in Rat Molar

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gonzales ◽  
Hitoshi Hotokezaka ◽  
Yoshinori Arai ◽  
Tadashi Ninomiya ◽  
Junya Tominaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Center Of Rotation ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Space Width

Abstract Objective: To investigate the precise longitudinal change in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space width and three-dimensional tooth movement with continuous-force magnitudes in living rats. Materials and Methods: Using nickel-titanium closed-coil springs for 28 days, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-g mesial force was applied to the maxillary left first molars. Micro-CT was taken in the same rat at 0, 1, 2, 3, 10, 14, and 28 days. The width of the PDL was measured in the pressure and tension sides from 0 to 3 days. Angular and linear measurements were used to evaluate molar position at day 0, 10, 14, and 28. The finite element model (FEM) was constructed to evaluate the initial stress distribution, molar displacement, and center of rotation of the molar. Results: The initial evaluation of PDL width showed no statistical differences among different force magnitudes. Tooth movement was registered 1 hour after force application and gradually increased with time. From day 10, greater tooth movement was observed when 10 g of force was applied. The FEM showed that the center of rotation in the molar is located in the center of five roots at the apical third of the molar roots. Conclusion: The rat's molar movement mainly consists of mesial tipping, extrusion of distal roots, intrusion of mesial root, palatal inclination, and mesial rotation. Although the initial tooth movement after the application of different force magnitudes until day 3 was not remarkably different, 10 g of force produced more tooth movement compared with heavier forces at day 28.

scholarly journals Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp S. Lienemann ◽  
Stéphanie Metzger ◽  
Anna-Sofia Kiveliö ◽  
Alain Blanc ◽  
Panagiota Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pinhole Spect

Abstract Over the last decades, great strides were made in the development of novel implants for the treatment of bone defects. The increasing versatility and complexity of these implant designs request for concurrent advances in means to assess in vivo the course of induced bone formation in preclinical models. Since its discovery, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has excelled as powerful high-resolution technique for non-invasive assessment of newly formed bone tissue. However, micro-CT fails to provide spatiotemporal information on biological processes ongoing during bone regeneration. Conversely, due to the versatile applicability and cost-effectiveness, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) would be an ideal technique for assessing such biological processes with high sensitivity and for nuclear imaging comparably high resolution (<1 mm). Herein, we employ modular designed poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels that release bone morphogenetic protein to guide the healing of critical sized calvarial bone defects. By combined in vivo longitudinal multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT evaluations we determine the spatiotemporal course of bone formation and remodeling within this synthetic hydrogel implant. End point evaluations by high resolution micro-CT and histological evaluation confirm the value of this approach to follow and optimize bone-inducing biomaterials.

scholarly journals Insights from in vivo micro‐ CT analysis: testing the hydraulic vulnerability segmentation in Acer pseudoplatanus and Fagus sylvatica seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 (4) ◽  
pp. 1831-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Losso ◽  
Andreas Bär ◽  
Birgit Dämon ◽  
Christian Dullin ◽  
Andrea Ganthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Hydraulic Vulnerability ◽  
Ct Analysis

Single‐staged implant placement using the bone ring technique with and without membrane placement: Micro‐CT analysis in a preclinical in vivo study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Nakahara ◽  
Maiko Haga‐Tsujimura ◽  
Kensuke Igarashi ◽  
Eizaburo Kobayashi ◽  
Benoit Schaller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Ct Analysis

scholarly journals In Vivo Quantification of Myocardial Infarction in Mice Using Micro-CT and a Novel Blood Pool Agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Sawall ◽  
Danielle Franke ◽  
Anne Kirchherr ◽  
Jan Beckendorf ◽  
Jan Kuntz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Signal Enhancement ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Contrast Agent Injection ◽  
Dependent Signal

We herein developed a micro-CT method using the innovative contrast agent ExiTron™ MyoC 8000 to longitudinally monitor cardiac processes in vivo in small animals. Experiments were performed on healthy mice and mice with myocardial infarction inflicted by ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Time-dependent signal enhancement in different tissues of healthy mice was measured and various contrast agent doses were investigated so as to determine the minimum required dose for imaging of the myocardium. Due to its ability to be taken up by healthy myocardium but not by infarct tissue, ExiTron MyoC 8000 enables detection of myocardial infarction even at a very low dose. The signal enhancement in the myocardium of infarcted mice after contrast agent injection was exploited for quantification of infarct size. The values of infarct size obtained from the imaging method were compared with those obtained from histology and showed a significant correlation (R2=0.98). Thus, the developed micro-CT method allows for monitoring of a variety of processes such as cardiac remodeling in longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Cordycepin On Alcohol-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 2391-2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xuan Chen ◽  
Dao-Yu Zhu ◽  
Zheng-Liang Xu ◽  
Jun-Hui Yin ◽  
Xiao-Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Alp Activity

Background: Alcohol abuse is known to be a leading risk factor for atraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), in which the suppression of osteogenesis plays a critical role. Cordycepin benefits bone metabolism; however, there has been no study to determine its effect on osteonecrosis. Methods: Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were identified by multi-lineage differentiation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, RT-PCR, western blots, immunofluorescent assay and Alizarin red staining of BMSCs were evaluated. A rat model of alcohol-induced ONFH was established to investigate the protective role of cordycepin against ethanol. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) were performed to observe ONFH. Apoptosis was assessed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to detect OCN and COL1. Results: Ethanol significantly suppressed ALP activity, decreased gene expression of OCN and BMP2, lowered levels of RUNX2 protein, and reduced immunofluorescence staining of OCN and COL1 and calcium formation of hBMSCs. However, these inhibitory effects were attenuated by cordycepin co-treatment at concentrations of 1 and 10 µg/mL Moreover, it was revealed that the osteo-protective effect of cordycepin was associated with modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In vivo, by micro-CT, TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining of OCN and COL1, we found that cordycepin administration prevented alcohol-induced ONFH. Conclusion: Cordycepin treatment to enhance osteogenesis may be considered a potential therapeutic approach to prevent the development of alcohol-induced ONFH.

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