MICROCLEAR: GREEN TECHNOLOGY FOR TREATING AND RECYCLING OF COLOURED WASTEWATER

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaharah Ibrahim ◽  
Adibah Yahya ◽  
Azmi Aris ◽  
Ifnu Hakim ◽  
Mohd Ariff Taib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Set Up

The continuous growth and demand for our textiles and textile products have resulted in the generation of highly polluted and coloured wastewater emanating from the textile industries. These are detrimental to the environment and pose health threats to the human population if not properly treated. The treatment of colour is a great challenge over the last decades and until now, there is no single and economical treatment process.  As effective treatment plant is generally expensive and unaffordable; a good alternative and timely solution is the utilisation of specialised group of microbes called Microclear. These microorganisms have the abilities to decolourise and transform coloured compounds into simpler and non-hazardous compounds without the use of chemicals. Intensive fundamental studies and also the application of the Microclear at the bench and pilot scale (sequential 1000 L and 2000 L) reactors to treat real wastewater were carried out. The microbes can also be applied directly into the existing treatment plant or ponding systems without the use of a commercial reactor. . Under the UTM-MTDC symbiosis program, Microclear Sdn. Bhd. was set up and work is in progress for large scale production of microbes to treat real textile wastewater in a demo plant of 150,000 L capacity located at the textile industry.

scholarly journals Pilot-scale production of a highly thermostable α-amylase enzyme from Thermotoga petrophila cloned into E. coli and its application as a desizer in textile industry

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 984-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Nauman Aftab ◽  
Irfana Iqbal ◽  
Zia ud Din ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermotoga Petrophila ◽  
Pilot Scale Production

Thermostable recombinant α-amylase was produced in a large scale for the desizing of cotton cloth in the textile industry.

Membrane bio-reactor for advanced textile wastewater treatment and reuse

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lubello ◽  
R. Gori
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Textile wastewater contains slowly- or non-biodegradable organic substances whose removal or transformation calls for advanced tertiary treatments downstream Activated Sludge Treatment Plants (ASTP). This work is focused on the treatment of textile industry wastewater using Membrane Bio-reactor (MBR) technology. An experimental activity was carried out at the Baciacavallo Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) (Prato, Italy) to verify the efficiency of a pilot-scale MBR for the treatment of municipal wastewater, in which textile industry wastewater predominates. In the Baciacavallo WWTP the biological section is followed by a coagulation-flocculation treatment and ozonation. During the 5 months experimental period, the pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, 96% for ammonium and 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surfactants removal of pilot plant and WWTP were very similar (92.5 and 93.3% respectively), while the non-ionic surfactants removal was higher in the pilot plant (99.2 vs. 97.1). In conclusion the MBR technology demonstrated to be effective for textile wastewater reclamation, leading both to an improvement of pollutants removal and to a draw-plate simplification.

Textile Wastewater Reuse: Ozonation of Membrane Concentrated Secondary Effluent

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lopez ◽  
G. Ricco ◽  
R. Ciannarella ◽  
A. Rozzi ◽  
A. C. Di Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Complete Disappearance

Among the activities appointed by the EC research-project “Integrated water recycling and emission abatement in the textile industry” (Contract: ENV4-CT95-0064), the effectiveness of ozone for improving the biotreatability of recalcitrant effluents as well as for removing from them toxic and/or inhibitory pollutants has been evaluated at lab-scale. Real membrane concentrates (pH=7.9; TOC=190 ppm; CDO=595 ppm; BOD5=0 ppm; Conductivity=5,000 μS/cm; Microtox-EC20=34%) produced at Bulgarograsso (Italy) Wastewater Treatment Plant by nanofiltering biologically treated secondary textile effluents, have been treated with ozonated air (O3conc.=12 ppm) over 120 min. The results have indicated that during ozonation, BOD5 increases from 0 to 75 ppm, whereas COD and TOC both decrease by about 50% and 30 % respectively. As for potentially toxic and/or inhibitory pollutants such as dyes, nonionic surfactants and halogenated organics, all measured as sum parameters, removals higher than 90% were achieved as confirmed by the complete disappearance of acute toxicity in the treated streams. The only ozonation byproducts searched for and found were aldehydes whose total amount continuously increased in the first hour from 1.2 up to 11.8 ppm. Among them, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde were identified by HPLC.

Phyto-fabrication of Iron Nanoparticles: Characterization and Antibacterial Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma S. Algebaly ◽  
Afrah E. Mohammed ◽  
Mudawi M. Elobeid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Sources

Introduction: Fabrication of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) has recently gained a great concern for their varied applications in remediation technologies of the environment. Objective: The current study aimed to fabricate iron nanoparticles by green technology approach using different plant sources, Azadirachta indica leaf and Calligonum comosum root following two extraction methods. Methods: Currently, a mixture of FeCl2 and FeCl3 was used to react with the plant extracts which are considered as reducing and stabilizing agents for the generation of FeNPs in one step. Different techniques were used for FeNPs identification. Results: Immediately after mixing of the two reaction components, the color changed to dark brown as an indication of safe conversion of Fe ions to FeNPs, that later confirmed by zeta sizer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FeNPs fabricated by C. comosum showed smaller size when compared by those fabricated by A. indica. Using both plant sources, FeNPs fabricated by the aqueous extract had smaller size in relation to those fabricated by ethanolic extract. Furthermore, antibacterial ability against two bacterial strains was approved. Conclusion: The current results indicated that, at room temperature plant extracts fabricated Fe ion to Fe nanoparticles, suggesting its probable usage for large scale production as well as its suitability against bacteria. It could also be recommended for antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Membrane bio-reactor for textile wastewater treatment plant upgrading

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lubello ◽  
R. Gori
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Textile Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Secondary Settling ◽  
Solid Liquid

Textile industries carry out several fiber treatments using variable quantities of water, from five to forty times the fiber weight, and consequently generate large volumes of wastewater to be disposed of. Membrane Bio-reactors (MBRs) combine membrane technology with biological reactors for the treatment of wastewater: micro or ultrafiltration membranes are used for solid-liquid separation replacing the secondary settling of the traditional activated sludge system. This paper deals with the possibility of realizing a new section of one existing WWTP (activated sludge+clariflocculation+ozonation) for the treatment of treating textile wastewater to be recycled, equipped with an MBR (76 l/s as design capacity) and running in parallel with the existing one. During a 4-month experimental period, a pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, and over 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surfactants removal of pilot plant was lower than that of the WWTP (90.5 and 93.2% respectively), while the BiAS removal was higher in the pilot plant (98.2 vs. 97.1). At the end cost analysis of the proposed upgrade is reported.

scholarly journals Performances of Anoxic- Aerobic Membrane Bioreactors for The Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Recycle Ratio ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
The Impact

<p>Wastewater from textile industry is considered one of the major environmental challenges due to the large volume of highly colored, polluted and toxic effluent. This study investigated the treatability of real textile wastewater by pilot-scale anoxic-aerobic Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) system without sludge wasting for operation period of 100 days. The proposed system was investigated under different Internal Recycle (IR) ratios and the impact of IR ratio on Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Color removals were examined. Under IR ratios between anoxic and aerobic tanks of 0.0, 0.5 and 2.0, the respective average removal efficiency of TN was 20.9%,53.4% and 71.7%, whereas average color removal of 81%, 85% and 88%, respectively was noted. The results indicated that increase of recycle ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 enhanced TN removal to about 71% and color removal to above 85%. The IR between anoxic and aerobic tanks has a significant role in TN and color removal due its effect on the development of bacterial communities. On the other hand, the results indicate over 93% TOC removal, which was independent of IR ratio.</p>

Liposomes

2017 ◽  
pp. 52-87
Author(s):  
Mangal Shailesh Nagarsenker ◽  
Megha Sunil Marwah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Characterisation Techniques

The science of liposomes has expanded in ambit from bench to clinic through industrial production in thirty years since the naissance of the concept. This chapter makes an attempt to bring to light the impregnable contributions of great researchers in the field of liposomology that has witnessed clinical success in the recent times. The journey which began in 1965 with the observations of Bangham and further advances made en route (targeting/stealthing of liposomes) along with alternative and potential liposome forming amphiphiles has been highlighted in this chapter. The authors have also summarised the conventional and novel industrially feasible methods used to formulate liposomes in addition to characterisation techniques which have been used to set up quality control standards for large scale production. Besides, the authors have provided with an overview of primary therapeutic and diagnostic applications and a brief insight into the in vivo behaviour of liposomes.

scholarly journals PyMethylProcess—convenient high-throughput preprocessing workflow for DNA methylation data

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 5379-5381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J Levy ◽  
Alexander J Titus ◽  
Lucas A Salas ◽  
Brock C Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Methylation Data ◽  
Supplementary Data ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Methylation Array ◽  
Project Home Page ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Summary Performing highly parallelized preprocessing of methylation array data using Python can accelerate data preparation for downstream methylation analyses, including large scale production-ready machine learning pipelines. We present a highly reproducible, scalable pipeline (PyMethylProcess) that can be quickly set-up and deployed through Docker and PIP. Availability and implementation Project Home Page: https://github.com/Christensen-Lab-Dartmouth/PyMethylProcess. Available on PyPI (pymethylprocess), Docker (joshualevy44/pymethylprocess). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

The Cotton Industry of Northern Italy in the Late Middle Ages: 1150–1450

1972 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Fennell Mazzaoui
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Single Production ◽  
High Degree

In studies of the late medieval economy, the dominant position of the textile industry has long been recognized. Since the opening decades of this century however, scholarly attention has been directed almost exclusively toward the luxury industries of silk and fine woolens, which involved a complex financial and commercial structure geared to the satisfaction of the needs and desires of a wealthy and select clientele. Relatively neglected is that branch of the textile industry devoted to the production of low-priced cotton cloth for popular consumption. This neglect is all the more surprising in view of a rich if somewhat dispersed documentation attesting to the importance of this industry in numerous towns of Northern Italy. The large-scale production of cotton cloth posed problems of financing and organization not unlike those of silk and wool and gave rise to similar entrepreneurial forms. At the same time a study of the organization of cotton manufacture provides a number of unique insights into aspects of economic organization in Northern Italy. In the period covered by this paper, the cotton manufacturing centers of this area formed a single production zone characterized by a high degree of economic interdependence and a marked tendency toward the standardization of products.

Biofiltration of Ozonated Humic Water in Expanded Clay Aggregate Filters

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Melin ◽  
H. Ødegaard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Methyl Glyoxal ◽  
By Products

Treatment of humic water was studied in a pilot-scale ozonation/biofiltration treatment plant. The raw water had TOC and CODMn concentrations of 3.2-5.0 and 4.1-6.6 mgO 1−1, respectively, and colour (410 nm) of 30-50 mgPt 1−1. The effect of biofilter loading rate on removal of organic matter and ozonation by-products was investigated in two upflow biofilters containing expanded clay aggregate (Filtralite) media. The empty bed contact times ranged from 11 to 54 min. The TOC removals varied from 18 to 37% and the CODMn removals from 30 to 48% with ozone dosages from 1.0 to 1.7 mgO3 mgTOC−1. The ozone dosage seemed to have larger effect on removal efficiency than the loading rate. Concentrations of aldehydes (sum of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal and methyl glyoxal) were 41-47 μg 1−1 in ozonated water. Formaldehyde and glyoxal were the only aldehydes detected from the biofilter effluents at concentrations higher than 1 μg 1−1, but their mean concentrations were below 2.1 μg 1−1. The ketoacid concentrations (sum of glyoxylic, pyruvic and ketomalonic acids) ranged from 272 to 441 μg 1−1. Average biofilter effluent concentrations varied from 5.3 (glyoxylic acid) up to 67 μg 1−1 (ketomalonic acid) with steady-state reductions generally over 80%. The aldehydes and ketoacids accounted on average for 16% of the biodegraded TOC. The results show that expanded clay aggregate media is a good alternative as biofilter material.

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