scholarly journals The structure and the test conditions influence to the abrasive wear

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Filípek ◽  
Roman Březina
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Weld Deposit ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Operational Tests ◽  
Metal Materials

The paper concerns about the comparison of abrasive wear of testing samples made of various metal materials (steels, isothermally heat-treated cast iron with spheroidal graphite, weld deposit) during both laboratory and operational tests.

scholarly journals Abrasive wear of ploughshare blades made of Austempered Ductile Iron

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Votava ◽  
Michal Černý ◽  
J. Filípek
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Nodular Cast Iron ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast State ◽  
Heat Treated

The objective of this article consists in exhaustive monitoring of abrasive wear and subsequent evaluation of nodular cast iron with spheroidal graphite used as the base material for production of ploughshare blades. Nodular cast iron has a lot of convenient properties for production of these components. We have tested this material in field tests. For these tests there were manufactured ploughshare blades (directly according to original). These ploughshare blades were tested in practical conditions of agricultural company Farma Nedvězí Ltd. Three ploughshare blades were used in natural cast state and the others were heat-treated. During the test there were measured decreases of weights of the ploughshare blades and subsequently compared with decreases of original ploughshare blades, produced by company Opall Agri which are ordinarily available at our market.

scholarly journals Influence of two-body abrasion and heat intensity on metal and non-metal materials used in agriculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
P. Valášek ◽  
J. Kejval ◽  
M. Müller ◽  
J. Cieslar
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Metallic Material ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Metal Materials ◽  
Materials Used

In the agro-complex, as well as in other sectors, the use of polymeric materials is one possible way forward in the innovation and development of machines and their parts. However, machine products place high demands on the materials from which they are made. Polymeric materials are currently able to compete in certain areas where metallic material would traditionally be used; however, one of their limiting characteristic is their ability to withstand elevated temperatures. This paper describes the hardness of polymeric materials when influenced by heat, generated during the double body abrasion. The paper also describes the abrasive wear of both polymers and polymeric composite systems, as well as cast iron, used in agricultural production. Heat intensity during the two-body abrasion results in a 28% fall of the composite systems hardness, to 18% fall of the Polyamid 6 hardness and to 13% fall of the Murtfeld hardness.

scholarly journals Effect of Cr, Mo and Al on Microstructure, Abrasive Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Ni-Mn-Cu Cast Iron

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Medyński ◽  
Bartłomiej Samociuk ◽  
Andrzej Janus ◽  
Jacek Chęcmanowski
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
Wear And Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Wear And Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Pits ◽  
Cast Condition

Results of a study on influence of Cr, Mo and Al on the microstructure, abrasive wear and corrosion resistance of Ni-Mn-Cu cast iron in the as-cast and heat-treated conditions are presented. Because of the chilling effect of first two elements (tendency to create hard spots), graphitising Al was added to the alloys, with the highest concentration of Cr and Mo. All castings in the as-cast condition showed an austenitic matrix, guaranteeing good machinability. Heat treatment of raw castings, consisting in annealing at 500 °C for 4 h, resulted in partial transformation of austenite. As a result the carbon-supersaturated acicular ferrite, morphologically similar to bainitic ferrite was formed. The degree of this transformation increased with increasing concentrations of Cr and Mo, which successively decreased the thermodynamic stability of austenite. A change of matrix structure made it possible to significantly increase hardness and abrasive-wear resistance of castings. The largest increment of hardness and abrasion resistance was demonstrated by the castings with the highest total concentration of Cr and Mo with an addition of 0.4% Al. Introduction of Cr and Mo also resulted in an increase of corrosion resistance. In the heat-treated specimens, increasing the concentration of Cr and Mo resulted in a successive decrease of the depth of corrosion pits, with an increase in their number at the same time. This is very favourable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals Adhesive Wear Behavior of Heat Treated Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
M Salim ◽  
S Shama ◽  
Y H Mozumder ◽  
R K Behera ◽  
Sindhoora L P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron ◽  
Graphite Cast Iron

scholarly journals Continuous Modification of Cast Iron By the FLORET Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
A. Hanus ◽  
P. Hanusová
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Operational Tests ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Abstract Increasing demands on the utility properties of materials used for castings have led to the production of cast iron with a modified shape of graphite, where the required properties are achieved by a change in graphite shape, its size and layout, and a change in the basic structure of the metal. This paper is focused on the continuous method of producing spheroidal graphite FLOTRET. In the introductory section is summarized the theoretical foundations of the secondary treatment of cast irons, especially the FLOTRET flow method, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The practical part is divided into laboratory and operational tests. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a laboratory-type modifier FLOTRET chamber, which was designed and hydraulically optimized. Experiments were focused on the effects of pressure altitude and amount of modifier on the residual values of magnesium, as conditions for a successful modification. The method was tested in two foundries under operating conditions and in one of them was observed a long-term modification process.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Microstructure, Tribological Characteristics, and Crack Behavior of a Chromium Carbide Coating Fabricated on Gray Cast Iron by Pulsed-Plasma Deposition

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3400
Author(s):  
Yuliia Chabak ◽  
Vasily Efremenko ◽  
Miroslav Džupon ◽  
Kazumichi Shimizu ◽  
Victor Fedun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Pulsed Plasma ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Heat Treated

The structural and tribological properties of a protective high-chromium coating synthesized on gray cast iron by air pulse-plasma treatments were investigated. The coating was fabricated in an electrothermal axial plasma accelerator equipped with an expandable cathode made of white cast iron (2.3 wt.% C–27.4 wt.% Cr–3.1 wt.% Mn). Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, microhardness measurements, and tribological tests were conducted for coating characterizations. It was found that after ten plasma pulses (under a discharge voltage of 4 kV) and post-plasma heat treatment (two hours of holding at 950 °C and oil-quenching), a coating (thickness = 210–250 µm) consisting of 48 vol.% Cr-rich carbides (M7C3, M3C), 48 vol.% martensite, and 4 vol.% retained austenite was formed. The microhardness of the coating ranged between 980 and 1180 HV. The above processes caused a gradient in alloying elements in the coating and the substrate due to the counter diffusion of C, Cr, and Mn atoms during post-plasma heat treatments and led to the formation of a transitional layer and different structural zones in near-surface layers of cast iron. As compared to gray cast iron (non-heat-treated and heat-treated), the coating had 3.0–3.2 times higher abrasive wear resistance and 1.2–1208.8 times higher dry-sliding wear resistance (depending on the counter-body material). The coating manifested a tendency of solidification cracking caused by tensile stress due to the formation of a mostly austenitic structure with a lower specific volume. Cracks facilitated abrasive wear and promoted surface spalling under dry-sliding against the diamond cone.

Vanadium Additions to a High-Cr White Iron and its Effects on the Abrasive Wear Behavior.

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (59-60) ◽  
pp. 3077-3089
Author(s):  
Alexeis Sánchez ◽  
Arnoldo Bedolla-Jacuinde ◽  
Francisco V. Guerra ◽  
I. Mejía
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
White Iron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Bulk Hardness ◽  
Abrasive Wear Behavior ◽  
Vanadium Carbides

AbstractFrom the present study, vanadium additions up to 6.4% were added to a 14%Cr-3%C white iron, and the effect on the microstructure, hardness and abrasive wear were analysed. The experimental irons were melted in an open induction furnace and cast into sand moulds to obtain bars of 18, 25, and 37 mm thickness. The alloys were characterized by optical and electronic microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Bulk hardness was measured in the as-cast conditions and after a destabilization heat treatment at 900°C for 45 min. Abrasive wear resistance tests were undertaken for the different irons according to the ASTM G65 standard in both as-cast and heat-treated conditions under a load of 60 N for 1500 m. The results show that, vanadium additions caused a decrease in the carbon content in the alloy and that some carbon is also consumed by forming primary vanadium carbides; thus, decreasing the eutectic M7C3 carbide volume fraction (CVF) from 30% for the base iron to 20% for the iron with 6.4%V;but overall CVF content (M7C3 + VC) is constant at 30%. Wear behaviour was better for the heat-treated alloys and mainly for the 6.4%V iron. Such a behaviour is discussed in terms of the CVF, the amount of vanadium carbides, the amount of martensite/austenite in matrix and the amount of secondary carbides precipitated during the destabilization heat treatment.

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