scholarly journals Risks of Regional Tax Systems and Their Portfolio Decomposition: The Case of Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1009
Author(s):  
Marina Malkina ◽  
Rodion Balakin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Return Volatility ◽  
Volatility Risk ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Portfolio Approach ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Budget System ◽  
Budget Levels

The purpose of this paper is an assessment of the risk of regional tax systems at different levels of the budget system (consolidated, federal, regional and local), decomposition of this risk by sources (various taxes and tax groups) and the isolation of internal (related to own tax return volatility) and external (related to the correlation of tax returns volatility) risk components. Using the portfolio approach, we measured and decomposed the risk of tax systems of 80 constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2006–2017. As a result, we found a weak positive relationship between the risk and return of the regional tax systems at all budget levels. By comparing the structure of return and risk of regional tax systems, we identified taxes – risk dampers and taxes – risk enhancers, and estimated the overall level of imbalance in regional tax systems at the studied budget levels. It allowed us to conclude about the effectiveness of diversification of regional tax systems, the advisability of combining different taxes in a single portfolio, or transferring them to another level of the budget system.

Taxes and taxation: workshop

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
елена сидорова ◽  
elena sidorova ◽  
Диана Бобошко ◽  
Diana Boboshko
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Different Levels

The textbook implements a practice-oriented approach to the process of education. The workshop, in addition to tests, presents the tasks of different levels of complexity, tasks for filling in tax returns and documents used in tax relations, complex tasks. The manual includes 17 topics, including: the tax system, the tax policy of the state; taxpayers, payers and tax agents as objects of tax relations; state bodies involved in tax relations; accounting and reporting on taxes in tax inspections; tax administration; system of customs payments in the Russian Federation; state duty. It corresponds to the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. Designed for undergraduate students enrolled in the enlarged group of specialties 080000 "Economics and management" according to The Russian classification of specialties by education.

Levels taxation countries the EU and Ukraine’s

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-160
Author(s):  
Helena Borzenko ◽  
Tamara Panfilova ◽  
Mikhail Litvin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Improvement Process ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

Purpose articles rassm and experience and benefits systems taxation countries European Union, manifestation iti the main limitations domestic taxlegislation and wired STI their comparisons. In general iti ways the provisiontax reporting countries Eurozone in the appropriate organs, dove STI need theintroduction Ukraine electronic methods receiving and processing such reports.define iti key directions reforming domestic tax legislation. Methodology research is to use aggregate methods: dialectical, statistical, historical, comparative. Scientific novelty is to are provided recommendations for improvement ofefficiency systems taxation of our states in international ratings characterizingtax institutions country. Therefore, despite some problems in legislation heldcomparative study systems taxation EU and Ukraine. Conclucions Coming fromof this, the main directions reforming tax systems Ukraine, in our opinion,today should become: improvement process administration, reduce scales evasiontaxes, provision more uniform distribution tax burden between taxpayers, themaximum cooperation tax bodies different levels as well adjustment systemselectronic interactions tax authorities and payers, tax system must contain ascan less unfounded benefits, consistent with the general by politics pricing.

Budgetary Regulation in the Context of Preventing the Consequences of the Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection in the Russian Federation

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
R. V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to the examination of issues related to the increasing importance of budgetary regulation for the proper functioning of a modern innovative society. The key role of the budgetary regulation in the financial process of the State is particularly acute in the context of systemic crises that include socio-economic consequences caused by the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Russia. In the course of the study, the features of changes in the state financial policy caused by the above-mentioned crisis phenomena are highlighted. The paper describes various approaches to the interpretation of the budgetary regulation as a category of financial law, explores various types and legal forms of methods of the budgetary regulation, analyses mechanisms and the impact of the State on the budget system through the existing legal structure of the budgetary regulation. It is determined that the rules of financial law governing the whole complex of public relations concerning the distribution and redistribution of the national product between the levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation constitute the institution of financial law, namely: the budgetary regulation. The author concludes that the approach based on the concentration of basic powers in the financial field at the federal level significantly slows down the dynamics of development of economic activity in the majority of regions of Russia, while the need for breakthrough innovative development of Russian society determinates the expansion of long-term tax sources of income for regional budgets. In this regard, it is proposed to consolidate additional regulation for revenues gained by regional and local budgets in the form of targeted deductions from federal taxes on a long-term basis.

Budget system of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ninalalova
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Budget System

The textbook describes the budget and the budget system of the Russian Federation, examines the composition and structure of budget revenues and expenditures at all levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation, the features of the organization of the budget process in the Russian Federation, the content of budget federalism and inter-budget relations in the country, the features of the formation of state extra-budgetary funds, as well as the basics of the organization of budget and financial control in the country. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students, postgraduates, teachers of economic fields, as well as for researchers and practitioners dealing with problems of public finance and the financial system.

scholarly journals PROBABILITY MODEL OF POVERTY CALCULATION SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT FORMS OF INCOME TAXATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Andrej Vyacheslavovich Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Tax Systems

The article highlights a probabilistic model constructed for calculating the number of poor and the total income tax levied on all taxpayers under different income tax systems. There is considered the proportional income tax system adopted in the Russian Federation, as well as single-stage systems with both fixed and variable tax rates, in which individuals with low incomes are exempted from income tax. For these tax systems there have been found the dependences of the expected value of the number of the poor and the total income tax on the tax rate, tax-free minimum, and also on the laws of probabilities distribution of total income and the living wage of an individual. A numerical simulation of the found dependences was carried out. The conditions under which the abolition of income tax for individuals with low incomes reduces the number of poor were determined. Mathematical criteria are formulated with the help of which it is possible to assess the feasibility of moving from a proportional system to single-stage income tax systems.

scholarly journals Thickening of spine ligamentum flavum and facet tropism

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Appolonio ◽  
Thiago Mattar ◽  
Alexandre Barros Costa ◽  
Edgar Santiago Valesin Filho ◽  
Luciano Miller Reis Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Facet Tropism ◽  
Different Levels

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the thickening of the ligamentum flavum (LF) and its correlation with facet tropism and its severity at different levels of the spine. METHOD: This retrospective study was performed with patients with chronic back pain consecutively admitted to a specialized spinal surgery service between January 2012 and January 2013. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the thickness of the LF and facet tropism severity (severe, moderate or absent) according to the spine levels (L3 -L4, L4-L5, L5-S1). The association between the thickness of LF and facet tropism was analyzed. RESULTS: During the study period, 98 consecutive patients were enrolled with a mean age of 53.6 years, most women (59.2%). There was no significant difference between the thicknesses of the ligament and the presence of tropism in different spinal levels (p > 0.05). The thickness of LF was significantly associated with the severity of tropism only in L5-S1 level (p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that there is a positive relationship between severe facet tropism and increased thickness of the LF in the L5-S1 level.

scholarly journals Financial Control over the Implementation of the “Megasience” Class Scientific Projects: Current State and Prospects of Improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
O. V. Boltinova
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to financial control exercised over the implementation of “megasience” class scientific projects. In order to create an innovative economy, the State continues to develop research and development, in particular the creation of unique projects of the “megasience” class. Funding for such studies is usually carried out from budgets of various levels of the Russian Federation’s budgetary system as part of priority national projects or federal programs. Therefore, state financial control over the effective and targeted use of funds of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation gains importance. The paper discusses the current conditions of state financial control over the implementation of scientific projects of the “megasience” class, defines the list of subjects possessing the powers of both internal and external state financial control, highlights their differences and characteristics. The author carries out the analysis of monitoring as one of the activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, where emphasis is made on budgetary monitoring. The paper analyzes problems and shortcomings in the implementation of state financial control over the scientific projects. It also describes the features of the current state of state financial control and highlights tendencies of its development and improvement.

Complexity, Corruption, and Tax Evasion

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-178
Author(s):  
Vito Tanzi
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tax Laws ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Laws And Regulations

This chapter explores the various links that exist between growing complexity, corruption, and tax evasion. Over the past three decades corruption and tax evasion seem to have increased in many countries. The growing complexity of tax systems that now require thousands of pages of laws and regulations has clearly been a determining factor. Tax laws have become increasingly difficult to interpret and to comply with. This has created an important asymmetry between clever and rich individuals who have the means to hire tax experts to prepare their tax returns and the rest. This asymmetry has also convinced many taxpayers, especially in Anglo-Saxon countries, that their taxes are higher than they actually are. The complexity and its impact on the taxpayers is likely to have been a contributing factors to the growing income inequality that has characterized recent years.

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