Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Diesel Fuel-Injection Systems With a Double-Stage Injector

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Catania ◽  
C. Dongiovanni ◽  
A. Mittica ◽  
C. Negri ◽  
E. Spessa
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Injection System ◽  
System Component ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Pump Speed ◽  
Minor Losses ◽  
Set Up

A double-spring, sacless-nozzle injector was fitted to the distributor-pump fuel-injection system of an automotive diesel engine in order to study its effect on the system performance for two different configurations of the pump delivery valve assembly with a constant-pressure valve and with a reflux-hole valve, respectively. Injection-rate shapes and local pressure time histories were both numerically and experimentally investigated. The NAIS simulation program was used for theoretical analysis based on a novel implicit numerical algorithm with a second-order accuracy and a high degree of efficiency. The injector model was set up and stored in a library containing a variety of system component models, which gave a modular structure to the computational code. The program was also capable of simulating possible cavitation propagation phenomena and of taking the fluid property dependence on pressure and temperature, as well as flow shear and minor losses into account. The experimental investigation was performed on a test bench under real operating conditions. Pressures were measured in the pumping chamber at two different pipe locations and in the injector nozzle upstream of the needle-seat opening passage. This last measurement was carried out in order to determine the nozzle-hole discharge flow coefficient under nonstationary flow conditions, which was achieved for the first time in a sacless-nozzle two-stage injector over a wide pump-speed range. The numerical and experimental results were compared and discussed.

Analysis of the Influence of Diesel Nozzle Geometry in the Injection Rate Characteristic

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Benajes ◽  
J. V. Pastor ◽  
R. Payri ◽  
A. H. Plazas
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Nozzle Geometries

An experimental research study was carried out to analyze the influence of different orifice geometries (conical and cylindrical) on the injection rate behavior of a Common-Rail fuel injection system. For that purpose, injection tests in two different injection test rigs were conducted. This behavior of the injection rate in the different nozzles was characterized by using the non-dimensional parameters of cavitation number (K), discharge coefficient (Cd) and Reynolds number (Re). First, some relevant physical properties of the injected fuel were accurately characterized (density, kinematic viscosity and sound speed in the fluid) in a specific test rig as a function of the operating conditions (pressure and temperature). The behavior of both nozzles was analyzed at maximum injector needle lift under steady flow conditions in a cavitation test rig. Injection pressure and pressure at the nozzle discharge were controlled in order to modify the flow conditions. In addition, the nozzles were characterized in real unsteady flow conditions in an injection-rate test rig. From the raw results, the values of the relevant parameters were computed, and the occurrence of cavitation was clearly identified. The results evidenced interesting differences in the permeability of both nozzle geometries and a clear resistance of the conical nozzle to cavitation.

scholarly journals FPGA Based Engine Control Module for Fuel Injection System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3888-3892
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Control Module ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Ecm Architecture

Fuel injection system is an indispensible part of the present day automobiles. The depletion of the fuels along with continuous surge in the fuel prices has made it imperative to use fuel economically and restricting the wastage to a minimum. Contrary to the carburetor, using predefined amount of fuel irrespective of the environment, Fuel Injection System uses just the required amount of fuel based on the operating conditions as sensed by the Engine Control Module (ECM). Numerous parameters are required to be sensed by the ECM to achieve optimum efficiency of the engine. To handle the processing of such large number of parameters, a robust architecture is required. This paper presents the design and implementation of ECM utilized in Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) system on a Field Programmable Gate Array. The ECM architecture discussed in the proposed system is computationally efficient enough to fulfill ever-increasing functionalities of the ECM. The main objective of this research is to sense the parameters required for the ECM analysis and to interpret and analyze this data and accordingly control the solenoid (actuator). The CAN controller is also deployed in an FPGA to facilitate the communication between ECM and Human Machine Interface (HMI) to indicate the parameters sensed by the sensor on the LCD. The target device (FPGA) for this work is Xilinx Spartan 3E and the design tool is Xilinx ISE 14.7 with the ECM and CAN controller being modeled in Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL).

scholarly journals Nonlinear Modeling and Analysis of Pressure Wave inside CEUP Fuel Pipeline

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Hayat ◽  
Liyun Fan ◽  
Enzhe Song ◽  
Xiuzhen Ma ◽  
Bingqi Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Equation ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Nonlinear Modeling ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Realistic Description

Operating conditions dependent large pressure variations are one of the working characteristics of combination electronic unit pump (CEUP) fuel injection system for diesel engines. We propose a precise and accurate nonlinear numerical model of pressure inside HP fuel pipeline of CEUP using wave equation (WE) including both viscous and frequency dependent frictions. We have proved that developed hyperbolic approximation gives more realistic description of pressure wave as compared to classical viscous damped wave equation. Frictional effects of various frequencies on pressure wave have been averaged out across valid frequencies to represent the combined effect of all frequencies on pressure wave. Dynamic variations of key fuel properties including density, acoustic wave speed, and bulk modulus with varying pressures have also been incorporated. Based on developed model we present analysis on effect of fuel pipeline length on pressure wave propagation and variation of key fuel properties with both conventional diesel and alternate fuel rapeseed methyl ester (RME) for CEUP pipeline.

Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis of a Small Annular Combustor With Centrifugal Fuel Injection System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rampada Rana ◽  
Alosri Prajwal ◽  
Gullapalli Sivaramakrishna ◽  
Raju Dharappa Navindgi ◽  
Nagalingam Muthuveerappan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Annular Combustor

Abstract Over the years, the requirements of higher specific thrust and lower specific fuel consumption have been necessitating a continual increase in the maximum temperature and pressure in gas turbine engines. However, such an increase has a direct impact on the structural integrity of various modules of the engine; combustor being one of the severely affected modules. This makes the combustor designer’s task of achieving the targeted life of liner, the hottest component of combustor, a challenging one. Estimation of liner metal temperature, thereby arriving at the combustor life, is an essential part of the design process. In the present study, CHT analysis of a radial annular combustor has been carried out. RANS based analysis of a sector combustor with periodicity in flow and geometry has been performed at realistic engine operating conditions using ANSYS Fluent. Predicted liner metal temperatures have been compared with the measured data and a close agreement has been noted between them, the maximum variation being ± 10%.

scholarly journals Coal-Water Slurry Spray Characteristics of a Positive Displacement Fuel Injection System

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Seshadri ◽  
J. A. Caton ◽  
K. D. Kihm
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Coal Water Slurry ◽  
Break Up

Experiments have been completed to characterize coal-water slurry sprays from a modified positive displacement fuel injection system of a diesel engine. The injection system includes an injection jerk pump driven by an electric motor, a specially designed diaphragm to separate the abrasive coal from the pump, and a single-hole fuel nozzle. The sprays were injected into a pressurized chamber equipped with windows. High speed movies and instantaneous fuel line pressures were obtained. For injection pressures of order 30 MPa or higher, the sprays were similar for coal-water slurry, diesel fuel, and water. The time until the center core of the spray broke up (break-up time) was determined both from the movies and from a model using the fuel line pressures. Results from these two independent procedures were in good agreement. For the base conditions, the break-up time was 0.58 and 0.50 ms for coal-water slurry and diesel fuel, respectively. The break-up times increased with increasing nozzle orifice size and with decreasing chamber density. The break-up time was not a function of coal loading for coal loadings up to 53 percent. Cone angles of the sprays were dependent on the operating conditions and fluid, as well as on the time and location of the measurement. For one set of cases studied, the time-averaged cone angle was 15.9 and 16.3 deg for coal-water slurry and diesel fuel, respectively.

Inline Pump Internal Flow Characterization for Optimized Diesel Injection

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chiatti ◽  
O. Chiavola ◽  
F. Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Formation Control ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Flow Characterization ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
And Performance

The injection process optimization plays a key role in diesel engine development activities, both for pollutant formation control and performance improvement. The present paper focuses on relatively small diesel units, equipped with fully mechanical injection systems; in detail, the considered system layout is based on the use of spring injectors; the amount of delivered fuel is controlled by the positioning of the pump plunger groove. The paper highlights the role of the inline pump and the influence of fuel characteristics on the system operation. By means of a three-dimensional numerical flow study, the behavior of pump fuel passages and delivery valve is simulated. Then, on the basis of the system features, a complete lumped/one-dimensional numerical model is realized, in which the discharge coefficients evaluated through the three-dimensional simulation are employed. Fuel injection rate and local pressure time histories are investigated, paying specific attention to the occurrence of the relevant phenomena in the system components. Obtained results are compared with experimental data.

scholarly journals A Study on Water-Induced Damage Severity on Diesel Engine Injection System Using Emulsified Diesel Fuels

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2285
Author(s):  
Min-Seop Kim ◽  
Ugochukwu Ejike Akpudo ◽  
Jang-Wook Hur
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Diesel Fuel Injection

Diesel engine emissions contribute nearly 30% of greenhouse effects and diverse health and environmental problems. Amidst these problems, it is estimated that there will be a 75% increase in energy demand for transportation by 2040, of which diesel fuel constitutes a major source of energy for transportation. Being a major source of air pollution, efforts are currently being made to curb the pollution spread. The use of water-in-diesel (W/D)-emulsified fuels comes as a readily available (and cost-effective) option with other benefits including engine thermal efficiency, reduced costs, and NOx reduction; nonetheless, the inherent effects—power loss, component wear, corrosion, etc. still pose strong concerns. This study investigates the behavior and damage severity of a common rail (CR) diesel fuel injection system using exploratory and statistical methods under different W/D emulsion conditions and engine speeds. Results reveal that the effect of W/D emulsion fuels on engine operating conditions are reflected in the CR, which provides a reliable avenue for condition monitoring. Also, the effect of W/D emulsion on injection system components-piston, nozzle needle, and ball seat–are presented alongside related discussions.

Research on Simulation for the Electronic Unit Pump Fuel Injection System of HXn5 Diesel Locomotive

2013 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hai Li ◽  
Zhe Zhou ◽  
Xian Zhe Jia
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Electronic Unit Pump ◽  
Fuel Injection Rate

Parameters are obtained by mapping the entity structural electronic control unit pump injection system of HXn5 diesel locomotive introduced from USA. A simulation model was built up with GT-Fuel, which can well reflect the electromagnetic and hydraulic characteristics of the fuel injection system, as well as the fuel injection rate and fuel quantity. Compares with locally high-power diesel, the calculation curves show its superiority, which will establish a foundation for optimization and improvement of local fuel injection system.

Study of Fuel Injection Quantity Fluctuation in High Pressure Common Rail System in Entire Operating Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Qi Tian ◽  
Li Yun Fan ◽  
Xiu Zhen Ma ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Hong Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Valve Lift ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Injection Quantity ◽  
High Pressure Common Rail

Variations in high pressure common rail (HPCR) system characteristic parameters influence injection characteristics and lead to fluctuation of fuel injection quantity (FIQ). The fuel injection quantity fluctuation (FIQF) has adverse affects both on coherence and stability of HPCR system. Numerical simulation model of HPCR has been developed and its accuracy has been validated by experimental results. Influence law and generation mechanism of FIQF caused by variations of different parameters such as fuel return pressure, solenoid reset force, control valve lift, fuel return orifice (A orifice) diameter, fuel inlet orifice (Z orifice) diameter, injector needle lift, needle pre-tightening force and injector flow coefficient in entire operating conditions have been analyzed.

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