Study on Fuel and Injection Influence on a Spark Ignition Aeropiston Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xiaogang ◽  
Liu Bolan ◽  
Yu Xiyang ◽  
Yan Chao ◽  
Yu Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Injection Methods

Abstract Spark ignition aeropiston engines have good prospects due to light weight and high power to weight ratio. Both gasoline and kerosene can be utilized on these engines by using either traditional port fuel injection (PFI) or the novel air-assisted fuel injection (A2FI). In this article, the effects of different fuels and injection methods on the performance of a four-cylinder opposed aeropiston engine were studied. The spray performance test rig and the engine performance test rig were established. First, the influence of different injection methods on engine performance were compared, which indicated that A2FI is superior to PFI in engine power and starting performance. Furthermore, the fuel performance comparison by using A2FI was conducted, which demonstrates that kerosene is inferior to gasoline in terms of spray characteristics and power performance. Finally, detailed working characteristics of A2FI system using kerosene were studied, which indicated that the stable and reliable operation of the spark-ignition operation can be realized and the kerosene's spark-ignition combustion process can be optimized similar to that of gasoline. Results shows that the use of kerosene combined with A2FI is the best technical way to achieve ideal working process of the spark ignition aeropiston engine.

scholarly journals Combustion Conduct Of A Single-Cylinder Spark-Ignition Affected By Ethanol Fuel Mixtures of Supplement Hydroxy Gas (HHO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Gatot Setyono ◽  
Navik Kholili
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

Ethanol is an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuels. Ethanol's high octane value can substitute for power in spark-ignition engines (SI). Gasoline mixed with ethanol will reduce the calorific value generated and intensify the combustion process in the combustion chamber. Through the engine performance test, we can find out the increase in the performance of the SI engine. Several essential variables can improve engine performance, such as gasoline-ethanol variations, iridium spark plugs, and hydroxy gas generators (HHO). This research uses an experimental method by utilizing gasoline (octane-92)-ethanol variations (35%, 45%, and 55% v/v) with the intake of hydroxy gas during the combustion process. The SI automatic transmission engine has a capacity of 124.8 cubic centimeters (one cylinder-four stroke), a compression ratio of 11/1, fuel injection, and iridium spark plugs. Engine performance test using chassis dyno test with engine speed variations of 4000-9000 rpm. This study resulted in optimal performance on a 55% increase in gasoline-ethanol mixture with an intensify in output-power, pressure, and thermal efficiency at an engine-speed of 8000 rpm. It is contrary to the specific fuel consumption has decreased.

Diesel engine performance mapping using a parametrized mixing time model

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Pasternak ◽  
Fabian Mauss ◽  
Christian Klauer ◽  
Andrea Matrisciano
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Tabulated Chemistry

A numerical platform is presented for diesel engine performance mapping. The platform employs a zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model for the simulation of engine in-cylinder processes. n-Heptane is used as diesel surrogate for the modeling of fuel oxidation and emission formation. The overall simulation process is carried out in an automated manner using a genetic algorithm. The probability density function formulation of the stochastic reactor model enables an insight into the locality of turbulence–chemistry interactions that characterize the combustion process in diesel engines. The interactions are accounted for by the modeling of representative mixing time. The mixing time is parametrized with known engine operating parameters such as load, speed and fuel injection strategy. The detailed chemistry consideration and mixing time parametrization enable the extrapolation of engine performance parameters beyond the operating points used for model training. The results show that the model responds correctly to the changes of engine control parameters such as fuel injection timing and exhaust gas recirculation rate. It is demonstrated that the method developed can be applied to the prediction of engine load–speed maps for exhaust NOx, indicated mean effective pressure and fuel consumption. The maps can be derived from the limited experimental data available for model calibration. Significant speedup of the simulations process can be achieved using tabulated chemistry. Overall, the method presented can be considered as a bridge between the experimental works and the development of mean value engine models for engine control applications.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Engine Performance and Emissions for Port Injection of Ammonia into a Gasoline\Ethanol Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Farhad Salek ◽  
Meisam Babaie ◽  
Amin Shakeri ◽  
Seyed Vahid Hosseini ◽  
Timothy Bodisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions

This study aims to investigate the effect of the port injection of ammonia on performance, knock and NOx emission across a range of engine speeds in a gasoline/ethanol dual-fuel engine. An experimentally validated numerical model of a naturally aspirated spark-ignition (SI) engine was developed in AVL BOOST for the purpose of this investigation. The vibe two zone combustion model, which is widely used for the mathematical modeling of spark-ignition engines is employed for the numerical analysis of the combustion process. A significant reduction of ~50% in NOx emissions was observed across the engine speed range. However, the port injection of ammonia imposed some negative impacts on engine equivalent BSFC, CO and HC emissions, increasing these parameters by 3%, 30% and 21%, respectively, at the 10% ammonia injection ratio. Additionally, the minimum octane number of primary fuel required to prevent knock was reduced by up to 3.6% by adding ammonia between 5 and 10%. All in all, the injection of ammonia inside a bio-fueled engine could make it robust and produce less NOx, while having some undesirable effects on BSFC, CO and HC emissions.

Fuel Injection Control for a Valve Array in a Shockless Explosion Combustor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Simon Schäpel ◽  
Rudibert King ◽  
Fatma Yücel ◽  
Fabian Völzke ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Proportional Valve ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Fuel Stratification ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Filling Time

Approximate constant volume combustion (aCVC) is a promising way to optimize the combustion process in a gas turbine, which would exceed the gain in efficiency resulting from optimizing other components significantly. This work deals with a recently proposed approach: shockless explosion combustion (SEC). Compared to already known concepts, such as pulsed detonation combustion (PDC), it overcomes several disadvantages, e.g., sharp pressure transitions and entropy generation due to shock waves. For an SEC, accurate fuel stratification is required to achieve a quasi-homogeneous auto-ignition. In an atmospheric test rig quasi-homogeneous ignitions were achieved previously in non-resonant operation. To achieve a resonant operation, which goes along with a higher firing frequency, lower ignition and injection times are required. For this purpose, an array of solenoid valves was designed to allow for highly dynamic operation within short filling time spans. Using a novel mixed-integer control approach, these solenoid valves were actuated such that a desired fuel profile was generated. In this paper, the mentioned test rig was used for non-reacting fuel measurements to compare the quality of the axial fuel stratification achieved by using the valve array with the one achieved by using a slower proportional valve. In the experimental investigation the actuation with the valve array proved to adjust the required fuel stratification with the same quality as the actuation with the proportional valve, which was already successfully applied to the reactive set-up. Hence, the mixed-integer controlled valve array is considered a useful concept for upcoming resonant reactive SEC investigations.

scholarly journals Simulation of spark ignition engine performance working on biogas hydrogen mixture

2018 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Donatas Kriaučiūnas ◽  
Saugirdas Pukalskas ◽  
Alfredas Rimkus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Engine Crankshaft ◽  
Lower Heating

Numerical simulations of Nissan Qashqai HR16DE engine with increased compression ratio from 10,7:1 to 13,5:1 was carried out using AVL BOOST software. Modelled engine work cycles while engine works with biogas (BG) and hydrogen (H2) mixtures. For biogas used mixture of 35 % carbon dioxide (CO2) and 65 % methane (CH4). Three mixtures of biogas with added 5 %, 10 % and 15 % H2 was made. The simulation of engine work cycles was performed at fully opened throttle and changing engine crankshaft rotation speeds: ne1 = 1500, ne2 = 3000, ne3 = 4500, ne4 = 6000 rpm. Simulation results demonstrated what adding hydrogen to biogas increase in-cylinder temperature and nitrogen oxides (NOx) concentration because of higher mixtures lower heating values (LHV) and better combustion process. Other emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) decreased while adding hydrogen due to the fact that hydrogen is carbon-free fuel.

scholarly journals Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) on a Light-Duty Multi-Cylinder Engine Using a Wide Range of Fuel Reactivities and Heavy Fuel Stratification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam B. Dempsey ◽  
Scott Curran ◽  
Robert Wagner ◽  
William Cannella ◽  
Andrew Ickes
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Cycle Basis ◽  
Fuel Stratification ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Many research studies have focused on utilizing gasoline in modern compression ignition engines to reduce emissions and improve efficiency. Collectively, this combustion mode has become known as gasoline compression ignition (GCI). One of the biggest challenges with GCI operation is maintaining control over the combustion process through the fuel injection strategy, such that the engine can be controlled on a cycle-by-cycle basis. Research studies have investigated a wide variety of GCI injection strategies (i.e., fuel stratification levels) to maintain control over the heat release rate while achieving low temperature combustion (LTC). This work shows that at loads relevant to light-duty engines, partial fuel stratification (PFS) with gasoline provides very little controllability over the timing of combustion. On the contrary, heavy fuel stratification (HFS) provides very linear and pronounced control over the timing of combustion. However, the HFS strategy has challenges achieving LTC operation due to the air handling burdens associated with the high EGR rates that are required to reduce NOx emissions to near zero levels. In this work, a wide variety of gasoline fuel reactivities (octane numbers ranging from < 40 to 87) were investigated to understand the engine performance and emissions of HFS-GCI operation on a multi-cylinder light-duty engine. The results indicate that over an EGR sweep at 4 bar BMEP, the gasoline fuels can achieve LTC operation with ultra-low NOx and soot emissions, while conventional diesel combustion (CDC) is unable to simultaneously achieve low NOx and soot. At 10 bar BMEP, all the gasoline fuels were compared to diesel, but using mixing controlled combustion and not LTC.

A Multiple-Zone Cycle Simulation for Spark-Ignition Engines: Thermodynamic Details

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald A. Caton
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A thermodynamic cycle simulation was developed for a spark-ignition engine which included the use of multiple zones for the combustion process. This simulation was used to complete analyses for a commercial, spark-ignition V-8 engine operating at a part load condition. Specifically, the engine possessed a compression ratio of 8.1:1, and had a bore and stroke of 101.6 and 88.4 mm, respectively. A part load operating condition at 1400 rpm with an equivalence ratio of 1.0 was examined. Results were obtained for overall engine performance, for detailed in-cylinder events, and for the thermodynamics of the individual processes. In particular, the characteristics of the engine operation with respect to the combustion process were examined. Implications of the multiple zones formulation for the combustion process are described.

Performance Evaluation of Low Heat Rejection Engines

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Sun ◽  
W. G. Wang ◽  
R. M. Bata ◽  
X. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine ◽  
Low Heat Rejection Engine

Improving the performance of the Chinese B135 six-cylinder direct injection turbocharged and turbocompounded Low Heat Rejection Engine (LHRE) was based on experimental and analytical studies. The studies were primarily applied on a B1135 single-cylinder LHR engine and a conventional water-cooled B1135 single cylinder engine. Performance of the B1135 LHRE was worse than that of the conventional B1135 due to a deterioration in the combustion process of the B1135 LHRE. The combustion process was improved and the fuel injection system was redesigned and applied to the B135 six-cylinder LHRE. The new design improved the performance of the LHRE and better fuel economy was realized by the thermal energy recovered from the exhaust gases by the turbocompounding system.

Study on the efficiency of a spark-ignition variable displacement and compression ratio engine

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742094434
Author(s):  
Caio H Rufino ◽  
Janito V Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Promising Solution

A variable stroke engine was proposed as a promising solution for improving the efficiency of flex-fuel engines by adjusting the compression ratio; this prevents knock onset for fuels with different octane numbers. Similarly, the displacement was adjusted by varying stroke length with the objective of mitigating cylinder pumping losses. This article compares the efficiency of a spark-ignition, port-fuel injection engine, with variable displacements and compression ratios; a conventional engine with a fixed compression ratio; and an engine with variable compression ratios. A simulation-based calibration was performed for each engine, using the results from a phenomenological model to predict the engine performance. The calibration maps were obtained by maximising efficiency through determining the optimal combination of available engine parameters such as spark timing, compression ratio, displacement, and throttle actuation. A comparison of the efficiencies of the different types of engines showed an improvement of approximately 15% for the engine under partial load conditions and with variable displacement and compression ratio, compared to a conventional engine.

LPG/Gasoline Dual-Fuel Engine Design and Investigation about its Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 2025-2029
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Sheng Ji Liu ◽  
Xin Kuang ◽  
Jian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa

In order to burning LPG and gasoline and dual fueled (LPG and gasoline) in the same engine, a new multi-function engine was refitted and designed based on 188F gasoline, mutative effects on the power and emission performance when burning those three kind fuel were investigated by the engine operated with the US EPA Phase-Ⅱ. Three schemes for the carburetor throat were designed. Balanced of the power and economy performance, when the diameter of the carburetor throat is 23mm, the performance was the best. By carrying engine performance test and the combustion process analysis, the results showed that: when the throttle was full opened, the power of burning only gasoline was 7.97kW, 0.5 kW and 0.28kW higher than burning LPG and dual –fuel. Burning gasoline pressure curve with the crank Angle siege area is the largest. As the emission test shows, when separately burning LPG and gasoline and dual fueled, the tendency of the excess air coefficient and the emission characteristics with the load change are same. When using LPG and dual-fuel, compared with burning gasoline, HC and NOx emission were reduced.

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