Study on Altitude Adaptability of a Turbocharged Off-Road Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenlian Huang ◽  
Jilin Lei ◽  
Qianfan Xin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Manifold ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Operating Characteristics

Abstract This paper investigates the operating characteristics of an off-road diesel engine to enhance its power performance in plateau. First, the impacts of altitude on the power, fuel economy, and emissions characteristics were analyzed by a bench test. Second, the combustion and overall performance working at different altitudes were studied by three-dimensional numerical simulation, including the relationship between fuel injection parameters and engine performance. The results showed that altitude significantly affects the performance of the off-road diesel engine. As the altitude increased from 0 m to 2000 m, the engine power decreased as much as 4.3%, and the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased as much as 6%. At the peak torque condition, the intake manifold boost pressure and the exhaust manifold pressure both reduced with a rise of altitude, while the intake and exhaust manifold temperatures both increased with a rise of altitude. Finally, after comparing the in-cylinder flow conditions and combustion characteristics given by six combustion chamber designs that have different shrinkage ratios, the engine performance at 4000 m altitude with five different fuel spray angles were further optimized. The engine rated power increased by 8.2% when the shrinkage ratio was 7.28% and the fuel spray angle was 150 deg at the 4000 m altitude.

Assessment of Charge-Air Cooler Health in Diesel Engines Using Nonlinear Time Series Analysis of Intake Manifold Temperature

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok A. Joshi ◽  
Scott James ◽  
Peter Meckl ◽  
Galen King ◽  
Kristofer Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Local Linear Regression ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Turbocharged Diesel Engine ◽  
Air Cooler

Degradation in the cooling effectiveness of a charge-air cooler (CAC) in a medium-duty turbocharged diesel engine has significant impact on engine performance. This degradation lowers the boost pressure and raises the intake manifold temperature. As a result, the engine provides lower horsepower and higher hydrocarbon levels than the rated values. The objective of this research is to monitor the health of the charge-air cooler by analyzing the intake manifold temperature signal. Experiments were performed on a Cummins ISB series turbocharged diesel engine, a 6-cylinder inline configuration with a 5.9 l displacement volume. Air flowing over the cooler was blocked by varying amounts, while various engine temperatures and pressures were monitored at different torque-speed conditions. Similarly, data were acquired without the introduction of any fault in the engine. For the construction of the manifold temperature trajectory vector, average mutual information estimates and a global false nearest neighbor analysis were used to find the optimal time parameter and embedding dimensions, respectively. The prediction of the healthy temperature vector was done by local linear regression using torque, speed, and their interaction as exogenous variables. Analysis of residuals generated by comparing the predicted healthy temperature vector and the observed temperature vector was successful in detecting the degradation of the charge-air cooler. This degradation was quantified by using box plots and probability density functions of residuals generated by comparing intake manifold temperature of healthy and faulty charge-air coolers. The general applicability of the model was demonstrated by successfully diagnosing a fault in the exhaust gas recirculation cooler of a different engine.

scholarly journals Influence of narrow fuel spray angle and split injection strategies on combustion efficiency and engine performance in a common rail direct injection diesel engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouf Mobasheri
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Split Injection ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Injection Strategies

Direct injection diesel engines have been widely used in transportation and stationary power systems because of their inherent high thermal efficiency. On the other hand, emission regulations such as NOx and particulates have become more stringent from the standpoint of preserving the environment in recent years. In this study, previous results of multiple injection strategies have been further investigated to analyze the effects of narrow fuel spray angle on optimum multiple injection schemes in a heavy duty common rail direct injection diesel engine. An advanced computational fluid dynamics simulation has been carried out on a Caterpillar 3401 diesel engine for a conventional part load condition in 1600 r/min at two exhaust gas recirculation rates. A good agreement of calculated and measured in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and pollutant formation trends was obtained under various operating points. Three different included spray angles have been studied in comparison with the traditional spray injection angle. The results show that spray targeting is very effective for controlling the in-cylinder mixture distributions especially when it accompanied with various injection strategies. It was found that the optimum engine performance for simultaneous reduction of soot and NOx emissions was achieved with 105° included spray angle along with an optimized split injection strategy. The results show, in this case, the fuel spray impinges at the edge of the piston bowl and a counterclockwise flow motion is generated that pushes mixture toward the center of the piston bowl.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIESEL-BIODIESEL BLENDS ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF A DIRECT INJECTION OFF-ROAD DIESEL ENGINE

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Mickevičius ◽  
Stasys Slavinskas ◽  
Slawomir Wierzbicki ◽  
Kamil Duda
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the diesel engine performance and emission characteristics, when operating on diesel fuel and various diesel-biodiesel (B10, B20, B40, B60) blends, at various loads and engine speeds. The experimental tests were performed on a four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct injection, naturally aspirated, 60 kW diesel engine D-243. The in-cylinder pressure data was analysed to determine the ignition delay, the Heat Release Rate (HRR), maximum in-cylinder pressure and maximum pressure gradients. The influence of diesel-biodiesel blends on the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (bsfc) and exhaust emissions was also investigated. The bench test results showed that when the engine running on blends B60 at full engine load and rated speed, the autoignition delay was 13.5% longer, in comparison with mineral diesel. Maximum cylinder pressure decreased about 1–2% when the amount of Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) expanded in the diesel fuel when operating at full load and 1400 min–1 speed. At rated mode, the minimum bsfc increased, when operating on biofuel blends compared to mineral diesel. The maximum brake thermal efficiency sustained at the levels from 0.3% to 6.5% lower in comparison with mineral diesel operating at full (100%) load. When the engine was running at maximum torque mode using diesel – RME fuel blends B10, B20, B40 and B60 the total emissions of nitrogen oxides decreased. At full and moderate load, the emission of carbon monoxide significantly raised as the amount of RME in fuel increased.

Control Strategy and Realization of Dual Fuel Engine with Intake Premixed Methanol on Turbocharging Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Jia Yi Du ◽  
Hai Ling Li ◽  
Deng Pan Zhang ◽  
Yong Jia Lu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Table Data ◽  
Intake Manifold Pressure

Based on Methanol and diesel special combustion mode, a control strategy of methanol/diesel dual fuel engine on turbocharged DI diesel engine was introduced according to different operation conditions. A method of judging engine load by measuring intake manifold pressure was put forward. Bicubic interpolation method was adopted to optimize the control MAP for ensuring the coincidence between look-up table data and actual conditions. The feasibility of the control strategy is verified by bench test. And the results of test show that the economic performance of this dual fuel engine got a considerable improvement.

1.25 L Turbocharged Diesel for Demanding Non-Road Applications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Sykes ◽  
Andrew L. Carpenter ◽  
Jerald G. Wagner ◽  
John M. Gattoni ◽  
Kyle I. Merical ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Automotive Engine

A design process was defined and implemented for the rapid development of purpose-built, heavy-fueled engines using modern CAE tools. The first exercise of the process was the clean sheet design of the 1.25 L, three-cylinder, turbocharged AMD45 diesel engine. The goal of the AMD45 development program was to create an engine with the power density of an automotive engine and the durability of an industrial/military diesel engine. The AMD45 engine was designed to withstand 8000 hours of operation at 4500 RPM and 45 kW output, while weighing less than 100 kg. Using a small design team, the total development time to a working prototype was less than 15 months. Following the design phase, the AMD45 was fabricated and assembled for first prototype testing. The minimum-material-added design approach resulted in a lightweight engine with a dry weight 89 kg for the basic engine with fuel system. At 4500 RPM and an intake manifold pressure of 2.2 bar abs., the AMD45 produced 62 kW with a peak brake fuel-conversion efficiency greater than 34%. Predictions of brake power and efficiency from the design phase matched to within 5% of experimental values. When the engine is detuned to 56 kW maximum power, the use of multi-pulse injection and boost pressure control allowed the AMD45 to achieve steady state emissions (as measured over the ISO 8178 C1 test cycle) of CO and NOx+NMHC that met the EPA Tier 4 Non-road standard without exhaust after-treatment, with the exception of idle testing. PM emissions were also measured, and a sulfur-tolerant diesel particulate filter has been designed for PM after-treatment.

Weldment Analysis of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Manifold

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Mojtahed ◽  
Nganh Le ◽  
Jerry Wayne DeSoto
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Manifold ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Pipe Model ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Double Pipe

The Exhaust Manifold is an increasingly important component of industrial turbocharged diesel engines. It can be a key factor to increase the efficiency of any engine, in this case a power plant diesel engine. Analysis of the various structural and thermal loading of the liquid-cooled manifolds is of vital importance to increase the components efficiency and overall engine performance. In this analysis, problems such as thermal stress issues causing manifold failure are identified and redesigned to meet performance requirements and environmental regulations. These manifolds are of complicated shapes and contain many weld joints to attach several integral parts. The weld regions are identified to be sensitive to thermal stresses and most likely prone to failure. The welds were added to the model in ANSYS® Workbench. Computational Fluid Dynamics (Fluent) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) were used to analyze the welded model. The main outcome was to understand the welds behavior using the ANSYS software and its powerful tools and to determine whether the areas containing welds are likely to fail under the given conditions. A simple double pipe model was also created and congruently analyzed to validate the results and the techniques used in analyzing the manifold model.

Design and Development of Surge Tank for NOx Emission Reduction in B20 Biofueled Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Hira ◽  
Basant Singh Sikarwar ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Prakhar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Surge Tank ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

In this research work, a surge tank is developed and utilised in the diesel engine for controlling the NOX emission. This surge tank acts as a damper for fluctuations caused by exhaust gases and also an intercooler in reducing the exhaust gas temperature into the diesel engine intake manifold. With the utilisation of the surge tank, the NOX emission level has been reduced to approximately 50%. The developed surge tank is proved to be effective in maintaining the circulation of water at appropriate temperatures. A trade-off has been established between the engine performance parameters including the brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and all emission parameters including HC and CO.

Cyclic Variability in Diesel/Gasoline Dual-Fuel Combustion on a Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiafeng Sun ◽  
Joshua A. Bittle ◽  
Timothy J. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Cyclic Variability ◽  
Diesel Operation

Most studies comparing diesel/gasoline dual-fuel operation and single-fuel diesel operation in diesel engines center on time-averaged results. It seems few studies discuss differences in cyclic variability. Motivated by this, the present study evaluates the cyclic variability of combustion in both dual-fuel and single-fuel operations of a diesel engine. Steady-state tests were done on a medium duty diesel engine with conventional direct injection timings of diesel fuel into the cylinder at one speed and three loads. In addition to single-fuel (diesel) operation, dual-fuel (gasoline and diesel) operation was studied at increasing levels of gasoline fraction. Gasoline fuel is introduced via a fuel injector at a single location prior to the intake manifold (and EGR mixing location). Crank-angle resolved data including in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate obtained for around 150 consecutive cycles are used to assess cyclic variability. The sources of cyclic variability, namely the factors causing cyclic variability or influencing its magnitude, especially those related to cylinder charge amount and mixture preparation, are analyzed. Fuel spray penetration and cyclic variability of cylinder charging, overall A/F ratio, and fuel injection timing, tend to increase cyclic variability of combustion in dual-fuel operation. On the other hand, fuel type and fuel spray droplet size tend to increase cyclic variability in single-fuel operation. The cyclic variability in dual-fuel operation in this study is more serious than that in single-fuel operation, in terms of magnitude, indicated by metrics chosen to quantify it. Most measures of cyclic variability increase consistently with increasing gasoline fraction. Variations of gasoline amount and possibly gasoline low temperature heat release cause higher combustion variation in dual-fuel operation primarily by affecting premixed burning. Statistical methods such as probability density function, autocorrelation coefficient, return map, and symbol sequence statistics methods are used to check determinism. In general, the parameters studied do not show strong determinism, which suggests other parameters must be identified to establish determinism or the system is inherently stochastic. Regardless, dominant sequences and optimal sequence lengths can be identified.

Paper 2: Similarity Considerations in Assessing Diesel Engine Fuel Spray Requirements

1965 ◽  
Vol 180 (14) ◽  
pp. 10-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Theoretical Expression ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Dimensionless Variables ◽  
Mixing Problem

A simplified dimensional analysis has been made of the fuel-air mixing problem in diesel engines. The dimensionless variables describing the mixing pattern have been expressed in terms of the dimensionless variables describing the engine and fuel injection conditions by means of explicit equations with numerical values for the constants. A wide range of such equations has been derived and tables of numerical values are given as examples, together with examples of engine air motion calculations for comparison. A theoretical expression for fuel-spray penetration into a cross-wind has been compared with a few experimental results. Engine smoke and specific consumption measurements have been plotted against the appropriate dimensionless variables in two instances. In both instances the response of the engine to the variables is quite different. It is believed that the wide range of methods of engine performance data analysis outlined in this paper will make a significant contribution to progress in understanding diesel engine combustion.

scholarly journals Optimization of Inlet and Exhaust Manifold on a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine to Enhance the Combustion

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1408-1411
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Valve ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Power Stroke ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Exhaust Manifold ◽  
Single Cylinder

In the internal combustion Diesel engines the most important subsystem is Intake manifold and Exhaust manifold. In the intake manifold which supplies fresh air –fuel mixture in to the cylinders where combustion takes place at high temperature and high pressure. After exhaust gases scavenged through valves from the cylinders, these gases past exhaust manifold an outlet, through which the gases flow into exhaust pipes from there to the emission control equipment of engine which consists of catalytic and thermal converters. The development of swirl can be enhanced by re-designing of inlet port of an Engine. There is further development in the swirl due to combustion process to another maximum part way in to the power stroke. Swirl can promotes the combustion process in a better way and causes efficiency increase. Better mixing of air – fuel there is a little bit changing the inlet and exhaust valve. Valve stem diameter is 9.5mm, Inlet valve diameter is 36mm, Exhaust Valve diameter is 28mm by varying the pitch 1.0mm to 2mm and thread depth of cut as 4mm and three thread per inch from this arrangement to investigate the performance by enhancing the swirl of air flow to get betterment in the performance and decrease in emissions in a (DI) direct injection diesel engine with single cylinder when compared with normal engine.

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