Application of Topological Optimization Program to the Danner Test Simulation

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Mayer ◽  
Detlev Maurer ◽  
Curd Bottcher
Keyword(s):  
Topological Optimization ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Optimization Program ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Speed Test

Abstract This study used a topological optimization program, TOPOPT, to optimize the crashworthiness performance of a small vehicle in a Danner test simulation. The Danner test is a low-speed test used by insurance companies to help set insurance premiums. New designs with added holes were developed using TOPOPT, and a procedure for applying the program to future vehicle programs was established.

scholarly journals Accuracy Improvement of Stator Inductance Identification Method Based on Low-Frequency Current Injection for Three-Level NPC Inverter-Fed IM Drives in Locked-Rotor Standstill Condition

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Yerganat Khojakhan ◽  
Kyoung-Min Choo ◽  
Junsin Yi ◽  
Chung-Yuen Won
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Current Injection ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Injection Test ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Injection Speed ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Drive Systems

In this paper, a stator inductance identification process is proposed. The process is based on a three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drive with a standstill condition. Previously, a low-speed alternating current (AC) injection test for stator inductance identification was proposed to overcome practical problems in conventional identification methods for three-level NPC inverter-based IM drives. However, the low-speed AC injection test-based identification method has some problems if a heavy load or mechanical brake is connected, as these can forcibly bring the rotor to a standstill during parameter identification. Since this low-speed testing-based identification assumes the motor torque is considerably lower in low-speed operations, some inaccuracy is inevitable in this kind of standstill condition. In this paper, the proposed current injection speed generator is based on the previously studied low-speed test-based stator inductance identification method, but the proposed approach gives more accurate estimates under the aforementioned standstill conditions. The proposed method regulates the speed for sinusoidal low-frequency AC injection on the basis of the instantaneous reactive and air-gap active power ratio. This proposed stator inductance identification method is more accurate than conventional fixed low-frequency AC signal injection identification method for three-level NPC inverter-fed IM drive systems with a locked-rotor standstill condition. The proposed method’s accuracy and reliability were verified by simulation and experiment using an 18.5 kW induction motor.

EFFECT OF VOLUNTARY HOME INSURANCE IN A REGION WITH LOW INSURANCE COVERAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1690-1708
Author(s):  
L.K. Subrakova ◽  
◽  
K.V. Ertiletskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
The Republic

The insufficient level of insurance services development in Russia is combined with high risks of losses from emergencies. Compensation to the population for damage or loss of housing as a result of fires, natural disasters, communal accidents and other events occurs mainly at the expense of state funds from the federal and regional budgets. Using the example of the Republic of Khakassia, the article examines the dynamics of performance indicators of insurance companies with their participation in regional programs of voluntary home insurance against emergency situations. The aim of the study is to substantiate the positive economic effect of programs of voluntary insurance of housing by citizens with the participation of funds from the federal, regional budget and insurance companies in compensation for damage from emergencies. Research objectives include: analysis of the risks of emergencies in the Republic of Khakassia; regional features of the insurance market; assessment of the effectiveness of insurance companies’ participation in the voluntary house insurance program against emergency. The materials for this study were regulatory legal acts, data from state statistics, reports of federal authorities, expert assessments on this topic. An empirical research to assess the amount of insurance premiums for voluntary insurance in the Republic of Khakassia was carried out using modeling methods, to determine the number of households in the region, an extrapolation method was used, and a comparative method was used to assess the calculation results. The effect of voluntary insurance of housing against emergencies in the region was obtained in the form of an increase in indicators: the depth of insurance by 0.08 percentage points, the degree of coverage of the insurance field - by 5.27 percentage points, excess of the growth rate of insurance premiums compared to the growth rate consumer prices - by 0.4 pp.

scholarly journals Stator Inductance Identification Based on Low-Speed Tests for Three-Level NPC Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drives

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerganat Khojakhan ◽  
Kyoung-Min Choo ◽  
Chung-Yuen Won
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
Identification Process ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Sinusoidal Current ◽  
Stator Flux

This paper proposes a stator inductance identification process for three-level neutral point clamped (NPC), inverter-fed Induction Motor (IM) drives based on a low-speed test drive. Conventionally, the stator inductance of an IM is identified by methods based on standstill or rotational tests. Since conventional standstill test-based methods have several practical problems when used with three-level inverters because of their nonlinearity, an identification method based on rotational tests is superior in such applications. However, conventional rotational tests cause unintended behavior because of the high speeds used during the test. In the proposed stator inductance identification process, the stator inductance is identified based on a low-speed test drive. In the proposed method, the stator flux is estimated using the instantaneous reactive power of the IM during low-frequency sinusoidal current excitation, and the stator inductance is then identified based upon this. Therefore, the proposed identification process is safer than conventional approaches, as it uses only a low-speed test. The accuracy and reliability of this method are verified by simulation and experiment using three motors with different rated voltage and power.

Actual Problems of Recording in Accounting and Financial Reporting of Insurance Companies of the Amounts of Refunds of Insurance Premiums

Auditor ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Пальгуева ◽  
T. Palgueva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Reporting Data

The paper deals with the recording in the accounting and fi nancial reporting of insurance companies of amount of the refund of premiums in the context of ongoing changes in the Russian legislation. Th e author’s approach to the order of their recording in the financial statements in order to improve its quality and prevent potential reporting data manipulation is off ered.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE BAYES DALAM MENGESTIMASI PREMI KREDIBILITAS PADA ASURANSI UMUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
RAIN FERNANDO BANGUN ◽  
I NYOMAN WIDANA ◽  
DESAK PUTU EKA NILAKUSMAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Credibility Theory ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
General Insurance ◽  
The Future

Determination of insurance premiums is very important the calculation must be done carefully so that there is experience losses. The purpose of this research is to find out the application of empirical Bayes credibility theory Model 1 and estimate of the credibility premium on general insurance. A method that can help in overcoming these problems, that is empirical Bayes credibility theory Model 1, results of the estimated credibility premium credibility (in Euros) for insurance companies Alianz, Csob, Generali, Koop, Unisqa, and Wusten respectively as follows: 46.774811, 7.801307, 10.368991, 58.812250, 6.703035, and 5.091605.  These results, the average claim is greater than the credibility premium, so that insurance companies can reserve premiums for the future.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE POSITIONS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE NON-LIFE INSURANCE MARKET IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
O. Pakhnenko ◽  
O. Zhuravka ◽  
V. Podhorna ◽  
A. Sukhomlyn
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Property Insurance ◽  
Financial Condition

The paper explores the practical aspects of forming a competitive environment in the non-life insurance market of Ukraine and analyzes the competitiveness and financial performance of leading insurance companies. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market concentration indicators, the authors concluded that there is no clear leader in this market, the level of market concentration is negligible. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market leaders by volume of gross insurance premiums in the whole market and by main types of non-life insurance (CASCO, motor vehicle liability insurance, property insurance, fire and catastrophe risk insurance, CARGO, health insurance) the authors found that the leadership of insurance companies in the market does not mean their leadership in all types of non-life insurance; some insurance companies specialize in certain types of insurance and not being leaders in the insurance market at all occupy leading positions in certain segments of non-life insurance market. In order to provide a general assessment of the competitiveness of individual insurance companies in the non-life insurance market, the following indicators were selected: the volume of gross insurance premiums, gross insurance payments, insurance reserves and the amount of equity. In order to assess the size of market share of an individual insurance company in a more objective way, it is suggested to calculate the average share of the insurance company. The calculations made it possible to identify the leaders of the non-life insurance market in 2018 and to explore the dynamics of changes in their competitive position during 2016-2018. For the three insurance companies that have been identified as the leaders of the Ukrainian market non-life insurance in 2018 (“UNIKA”, “AXA Insurance” and “PZU Ukraine”), the authors analyzed the main indicators of their financial condition, namely the profitability of insurance services, profitability of sales, return on assets, return on equity, overall liquidity, absolute liquidity and autonomy. It was found that all the analyzed insurance companies are profitable, however, among the three leading Ukrainian insurance companies, the most effective in 2018 was the insurance company “PZU Ukraine” and the least profitable – “UNIKA”. Keywords: competitiveness, insurance company, market concentration, market share, competition.

scholarly journals Rice crop insurance in Indonesia: adaptation to climate and farm production support

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
D Kusumaningrum ◽  
K Aldyan ◽  
V A Sutomo ◽  
D Saraswati ◽  
G Ariyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Financing Costs ◽  
Loan Risk ◽  
The Government

Abstract Indonesia’s Rice Crop Insurance (AUTP) scheme has successfully protected farmers from significant crop losses due to natural disasters. However, the current amount of AUTP’s compensation is still unable to accommodate farmer’s financing costs (i.e., unpaid micro-loan and its interests) to support crops production. This results in higher micro-loan risk and hinder the sustainability of farming enterprises. In this regard, the existing People’s Business Credit (KUR) should supposedly be accessible as a micro-loan source to help farmers fund their farms. This study has two objectives: (1) formulate an integration scheme between KUR and AUTP, and (2) determine the appropriate insurance premiums to meet the farmer’s operational and financing costs. This research used 100,000 Monte Carlo Simulations using lognormal distributions with assumptions based on the results of focus group discussion and in-depth interviews with farmer groups, the local Agriculture Service, and micro-loan distributors, as well as the data from the Ministry of Agriculture from the period of 2018–2020. Additionally, Individual Area Yield Index (I-AYI) policy and loss ratio is used to determine and evaluate the new integrated crop insurance premiums. The study revealed that the farmers expect affordable, accessible, and beneficial insurance products with premium subsidies bundled with KUR. Therefore, the government should develop an integration of crop insurance with KUR and determine the affordable premium calculations along with the insurance companies. Based on the simulation results, the total pure premium is estimated around IDR 1 million for a minimum KUR loan of IDR 8 million (suitable for farming costs).

scholarly journals Improving state regulation of the insurance services market

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Olha Klymenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Insurance Premiums

An urgent task in the field of public administration of non-banking financial services markets is to improve the regulation of the insurance market. On the example of the insurance services market, the problems of the functioning of the financial market regulation system are highlighted. Suggestions for its improvement are presented to increase the competitiveness of these markets. The development of the Ukrainian insurance market after 2015 to the present has a positive trend, which indicates the effectiveness and managerial ability of the state regulation system. The indicators of the state of the insurance market of Ukraine in comparison with similar indicators of such markets in the countries of the European Union are considered. The dynamics of concentration of the insurance market of Ukraine over the past 15 years has been analyzed. The main trends in the development of competition in this financial sphere have been identified. The necessity of state regulation of the concentration of the insurance market is substantiated. Views on the methodology and tools used in the study of the concentration and competitiveness of the insurance market are presented. Suggestions for improving the methods are given. It is shown that from 2012 to 2019 the Herfindahl - Hirschman index for risky types of insurance and for the insurance market as a whole has been increasing. It is established that according to the gradation of financial market concentration levels using the Herfindahl - Hirschman index, the insurance market of Ukraine corresponds to the degree of low concentration. According to the value of the Herfindahl - Hirschman indicator, the concentration of the life insurance market during 2003 – 2019, with the exception of 2015, is moderate. But the total share of gross insurance premiums collected by the three largest insurance companies in 2017 – 2019 exceeded 50 % of all gross insurance premiums. According to the Ukrainian law, such a market is considered a monopoly. It is shown that when analyzing the state and development of the insurance market of Ukraine, it is advisable to supplement the values of the Herfindahl - Hirschman index with corrective coefficients that take into account regional characteristics of the market, types of insurance, additional indicators of its functioning efficiency. Measures are proposed to accelerate the development of the insurance market of Ukraine by improving its regulation system.

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