The Affordance of Absence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayesh Srivastava ◽  
L. H. Shu
Keyword(s):  
Design Methods ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
User Intention ◽  
User Control ◽  
Major Dimension ◽  
And Training

We originally studied affordances to design products that encourage resource-efficient behavior in users. This paper was motivated by the observation that a lack of resources affected the ability of impoverished slum residents to perceive affordances. Data gathered from a trip to Bangladesh support recent postulations that affordance perception depends on user intention and socio-cultural norms, which are also influenced by fixation and training. We thus became interested in how absence, whether of material, components, or entire products, affected the utility of objects. We describe three dimensions of absence, one major and two minor. The major dimension is used to express the range of physical absence, i.e., of material in a part, of a part in a product, and of the entire product. Minor dimensions include the extent of user control and the permanence of absence, each of which can be used to increase utility in objects. We provide existing examples along these dimensions and describe concepts along the major, physical dimension of absence. We propose that the affordance of absence can be used as an approach to identify novel affordances, and conclude by placing it in the context of existing affordance-based design methods.

‘Spiritual Risk’: A Parental Perception of Risk for Children in the Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Community

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1198-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochay Nadan ◽  
Netanel Gemara ◽  
Rivka Keesing ◽  
Esther Bamberger ◽  
Dorit Roer-Strier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Parental Perception ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Parental Maltreatment ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractThis article addresses child protection in close-knit religious communities. Specifically, it presents the findings of a qualitative research project that examined Ultra-Orthodox Jewish parents’ perceptions and ascribed meanings of child risk and protection based on fifty in-depth interviews with parents from Israel and the USA. Here, we hone in on one key theme that emerged from our analysis of the interviews, which the interviewees themselves referred to as ‘spiritual risk’. ‘Spiritual risk’ is a complex construct comprising the following three interrelated dimensions: (i) a decline in observance of the Torah and the commandments, (ii) violation of socio-cultural norms and rules and (iii) a decline in spiritual beliefs, including the sense of connection with G-d. In the eyes of parents, it is decline in these three dimensions that constitutes the ‘spiritual risk’ to the child. ‘Spiritual risk’ can be a consequence of parental maltreatment and can result in children and adolescents moving away from the Ultra-Orthodox religious world and leaving their community. The results of this study advocate context-informed and religious-sensitive prevention and intervention programmes. They also highlight the need to include context and religious competency in the training of professionals working with diverse communities.

Australian Government failure and the VET FEE-HELP loan programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Caillan John Fellows ◽  
Brian Dollery
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Failure ◽  
Policy Success ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Training Quality ◽  
And Training ◽  
Shed Light

PurposeIn an effort to boost participation in vocational education and training (VET), in 2009, the Australian Government launched its VET FEE-HELP income-contingent loan programme for VET students. The programme was terminated in 2016 following numerous failed attempts to arrest its escalating costs and improve its performance. In an effort to shed light on the failure of the VET FEE-HELP programme, in this paper, the authors offer estimates of the aggregate costs involved and the quantum of graduates.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors examined the VET FEE-HELP programme through the analytical lens offered by Marsh and McConnell’s (2010) framework, which offered a broad, “big-picture” view covering three dimensions of policy success or failure.FindingsBy identifying the causes of the failure, the authors concluded that the features of the scheme designed to improve accessibility of VET also allowed for exploitative behaviour on the part of VET providers, causing deterioration in training quality and leading to a substantial amount of wasteful public expenditure.Originality/valueThe authors seek to illuminate the demise of the hitherto neglected programme to contribute towards the literature on Australian Government failure.

Tailoring Lay Health Worker Interventions for Diverse Cultures: Lessons Learned from Vietnamese and Latina Communities

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Adair Bird ◽  
Regina Otero-Sabogal ◽  
Ngoc-The Ha ◽  
Stephen J. Mcphee
Keyword(s):  
Health Worker ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Lay Health Workers ◽  
Community Programs ◽  
Lay Health Worker ◽  
Diverse Cultures ◽  
And Training

Indigenous lay health workers are presumed to be effective communicators in their communities due to their cultural competence. Lay health worker programs in Vietnamese and Latino communities show the influence of each community's culture and structure on the intervention designs and recruitment and training of lay health workers. To promote cancer screening. Vietnamese lay health workers conducted educational sessions in neighborhoods, while Latina lay health workers served as networkers and media role models. The studies demonstrated ways to build upon cultural strengths of the community and to tailor interventions to meet community expectations and needs. The authors conclude that ongoing responsiveness to both cultural norms and structural conditions in the community is the sine qua non of successful community programs.

Making Knowledge Management System an Effective Tool for Learning and Training

2004 ◽  
pp. 124-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert C.K. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Management System ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Training Effectiveness ◽  
Online Support ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
User Control ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
And Training

In view of the need of using knowledge management (KM) systems for learning and training, this chapter discusses six major design factors of such KM systems based on learning literatures, namely media of representation, multiple perspectives, complexity, user control, online support and navigation aids. Their implications toward learning and training effectiveness as well as various strategies and implementation methods are investigated in four categories: content, motivation, support and accessibility. It is believed that by considering the factors involved and their potential impacts on learning in the design of KM systems, the effectiveness of using these systems for learning, training and problem solving will be significantly improved.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Commitment for Participants in Leadership Education and Training Level IV of the Ministry of Finance

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Suradi Suradi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Leadership Education ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Training Level ◽  
Continuance Commitment ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
And Training

Organizational culture can be the main competitive advantage instrument and employee commitment since they tend to be affected by organizational culture aspects at work. This research discusses the effect of organizational culture on employee organizational commitment. The research objective is to analyze how the effect of organizational culture on organizational commitment through three dimensions consisting of affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment. The research sample involved 130 people from echelon IV officials who were attending the Leadership Education and Training Level IV of the Ministry of Finance using a saturated sampling technique in which all members of the population became research samples. This research employed causality model or relationship or effect. To test the proposed hypothesis, it utilized SEM (Structural Equation Models) analysis techniques. Based on statistical results, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. This is evidenced from the results of the p (probability) value of 0.07 > 0.05 and an estimated value of 0.75 which shows a positive result. It means that if the culture of the organization increases, it will affect the increase in organizational commitment.

scholarly journals L’accompagnement selon une démarche réflexive sur-dans-pour la pratique tel que vécu par trois types d’acteurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-304
Author(s):  
Patricia Marie Anne Houde ◽  
Suzanne Guillemette
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Doctoral Candidate ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Second Language Teachers ◽  
Research Director ◽  
And Training

Collective accompaniment, as per the reflexivity approach on-in-for practice, requires the adoption of different postures, whether one is placed in the role of the accompanying or accompanied person. This article presents the lived experiences of an accompaniment process fostering research and training within an individual and collective reflexivity approach. Three types of actors are interrelated: an accompanying research director, an accompanied and accompanying doctoral candidate, and accompanied and accompanying English as a second language teachers. Advocating for an action-research approach using the first-person point of view (“I”), each actor was invited to reflect on their practice from an on-in-for perspective. The discussion presents three dimensions: the role of ethical rules, the art of questioning, and the interdependence between involved actors.

scholarly journals Determinants of user intention toward IT instruction: An examination of internal and external factors

2009 ◽  
pp. 216-230 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
School Administrators ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
User Intention ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
User Attitudes ◽  
Computer Knowledge ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
And Training

This paper discusses the internal and external factors that affect user intention to apply IT instruction. The internal factors were examined from the standpoint of user attitudes toward IT instruction, which included computer knowledge, perceived usefulness, and interest in applying IT instruction, while external factors included climate, school policy, facility, and training in IT instruction. The effects of participant demographics were also investigated. As an empirical study, 141 valid science and technology university teachers in Taiwan were surveyed for their experiences with teaching websites. The results indicate that all of the internal factors significantly affect teacher intention to apply IT instruction, but none of the external factors do, except for the climate variable. The results may help school administrators in promoting IT instruction.

scholarly journals ICT Integration Practices of STEM Teachers in TVET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11011-11015
Keyword(s):  
Stem Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ict Integration ◽  
Ict Skills ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Standard Practices ◽  
And Training

STEM Education is important for a country to be advanced in economy and technology. It is achieved through skilled and multi-talented workforce produced by Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) which is a component of STEM Education. Technology becomes a mechanism for STEM teachers to engage their students in STEM disciplines. However, STEM teachers have barriers and challenges integrating technology in STEM Education. Therefore, it is the purpose of this study to examine STEM teachers’ technology integration practices in the context of ICT. This is a preliminary study that is conducted in MARA TVET – one of the private providers of TVET in Malaysia. Using a quantitative data collection tool, 32 STEM teachers from MARA TVET in Borneo Region participated in the study. The study employed adopted SPMa (Standard Practices MARA Educators) instrument that consists of three dimensions: basic ICT skills, integrating ICT in teaching and learning and communicate skillfully using ICT. The overall result revealed that the level of ICT integration of STEM teachers in MARA TVET is high (M = 2.63, SD = 0.80). Dimension basic ICT skills had the lowest mean (M = 2.41, SD = 1.04) and followed by dimension integrating ICT in teaching and learning (M = 2.69, SD = 0.90). Dimension using ICT to communicate had the highest mean (M = 2.78, SD = 1.04). In conclusion, the level of ICT integration of STEM teachers in MARA TVET of Borneo Region based on adopted SPMa instrument is moderate. Though ICT skills affect ICT integration in teaching and learning, there is also a need to examine other factors that affect the success of ICT integration. STEM teachers’ knowledge is a proposed variable to be investigated in future research.

Re-Defining Work-Life Boundaries

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Donna Weaver McCloskey
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Boundary Permeability ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
Boundary Controls ◽  
Education Support ◽  
And Training

Technology has radically changed the way we live and work. This chapter explores the boundaries that knowledge workers employ to delineate work and personal time and the resulting outcomes. Based on scholarly research, the author proposes redefining the work-life boundary into three dimensions: flexibility, work boundary permeability, and home boundary permeability. While no longer able to control the time and place factors that once defined our work and personal time, employees can use behavioral and communicative tactics to maintain balance. These individual policy decisions and potential work-life balance tools are discussed. Organizations can support new boundary controls through education, support, and training. Finally, technology has resulted in cultural and societal changes, which may continue to be supported through national policy.

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