A Fast Finite Element Based Methodology to Predict the Temperature Field in a Thermoplastic Spur Gear Drive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Roda-Casanova ◽  
F. Sanchez-Marin ◽  
A. Porras-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
Plastic Gears

Plastic gears bring some interesting advantages compared to metal gears. However, they also have some drawbacks, many of them related to the dependency of their mechanical properties with the temperature. Among other reasons, the friction between the gear teeth causes a heat flux that heats the gears and produces temperature variations within the gear geometries. These temperature variations have effects on the mechanical response of the gears, that must be taken into account when designing plastic gear drives. In this work, two different finite element models have been proposed to perform heating contact analysis, that is a coupled thermal-stress analysis that takes into account the heating produced by friction and the non-linear properties of the material. As a result of these models, the temperature field of the gears can be determined at any running time, as well as other interesting results, such as the transmission error function or the instantaneous power loss.

The Analysis of Rotary Kiln Thermal Characteristics Based on ANSYS and FLUENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 1523-1528
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Song ◽  
Qin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Operation Conditions

In this paper, the FLUENT finite element software is used to simulation analyze the rotary kiln, kiln gas combustion process and gas-solid coupling effect. The kiln and rotary kiln of gas temperature field is calculated and then imported into the ANSYS software as an initial condition to complete the reconstruction of the temperature field and using the node interpolation method to carry out thermal stress analysis. Through the joint simulation analysis based on FLUENT and ANSYS finite element software, the analysis of rotary kiln combustion process, the heat transfer and the mechanical response of the structure can be implemented under the same condition, making the simulation results of rotary kiln more related to practical operation conditions. The method and results presented have significant theoretical guidance for the research and development of new types of rotary kiln.

Influence of assembly error and bearing elasticity on the dynamics of spur gear pair

2015 ◽  
Vol 230 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhong Wang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Teik C Lim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Tooth Contact ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Bearing Stiffness ◽  
Assembly Error

The elasticity and geometrical errors of precision elements are one of the major factors affecting vibration responses in geared transmission systems. In this study, the influences of assembly error and bearing elasticity on the spur gear dynamic behavior are analyzed. A lumped parameter model for spur gear pair is formulated by representing the bearing elasticity with infinitesimal spring elements and tooth stiffness time function as rectangular waveform. The nonuniform tooth contact load is also considered. The severity of assembly error is assumed to be sufficiently small such that no partial loss of tooth contact occurs. A harmonic balance method is applied to the resultant second-order partial differential equation governing the gear pair dynamic behavior. The variations of dynamic transmission error and tooth contact load with respect to mesh frequency for a set of bearing stiffness are analyzed. The influences of bearing stiffness on the dynamic transmission error are also evaluated. The variation of actual cross angle, an indicator on the tooth meshing state, is examined with respect to nominal cross angle and bearing stiffness. The analysis shows that the presence of bearing elasticity and assembly error can degenerate tooth contact significantly, and hence the appropriate specifications of bearing and mesh stiffness are critical at gearbox design stage. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed lumped parameter model can provide detailed contact information like finite element model, but it avoids finite element model’s prohibitive computation burden and can be completed easily and be computed quickly.

Influence of Pressure Angle on Load Sharing Based Stresses in Asymmetric Normal Contact Ratio Spur Gear Drives

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 1229-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Marimuthu ◽  
G. Muthuveerappan
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Load Sharing ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Contact Model ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Pressure Angle ◽  
Gear Drives

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of pressure angle on drive and coast sides in conventional design asymmetric normal contact ratio spur gear, considering the load sharing between the gear teeth pair. The multi pair contact model in finite element analysis is used to find the load sharing ratio and respective stresses. It has been found out that the predictions through multipoint contact model are in good agreement with the available literature. A unique Ansys parametric design language code is developed for this study. It is found that, the maximum fillet stress decreases up to the threshold point for drive side (35o) and coast side (25o) pressure angles, beyond this point it increases. The load share based maximum fillet and contact stresses are lower in the high pressure angle side than that of the low pressure angle side, when it is loaded at the critical loading points.

Evaluation of spur gear mesh compliance using the finite element method

1999 ◽  
Vol 213 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Arafa ◽  
M M Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Mesh Stiffness ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Mesh ◽  
Gear Mesh Stiffness

This paper presents a finite element (FE) modelling technique to evaluate the mesh compliance of spur gears. Contact between the engaging teeth is simulated through the use of gap elements. Analysis is performed on several gear combinations and the variation in tooth compliance along the contact location is presented in a non-dimensional form. Results are compared with earlier predictions based on analytical, numerical and experimental methods. Load sharing among the mating gear teeth is discussed, and the overall gear mesh stiffness together with its cyclic variation along the path of contact is evaluated.

A Mathematical-Numerical Model to Calculate Load Distribution, Contact Stiffness and Transmission Error in Involute Spur Gears

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mohammadpour ◽  
Iraj Mirzaee ◽  
Shahram Khalilarya
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Meshing Stiffness ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper firstly presents a mathematical model in order to calculate the load distribution, single contact stiffness and meshing stiffness as well as transmission error. in this way, there is no need to use finite element like methods and also the calculation time is dramatically reduced. Presented method is based on definition of a statically undetermined problem that is formulated using energy method. Some assumptions considered to convert this problem to a statically determined problem and get the mathematical models. Then a numerical method is employed in order to solve the mathematical model using a double iteration flowchart to close the problem. This model is flexible to adapt for any modification in spur gear profile geometry. Finally, this model is verified using previous works that have been utilized finite element and experimental model.

Finite Element/Contact Mechanics Analysis of Spur Gear Pairs With Tooth Root Cracks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaosen Wang ◽  
Adrian A. Hood ◽  
Christopher G. Cooley
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Contact Mechanics ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Root ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dynamic Transmission Error ◽  
Root Crack

Abstract This study analyzes the nonlinear static and dynamic response in spur gear pairs with tooth root crack damage. A finite element/contact mechanics (FE/CM) model is used that accurately captures the elastic deformations on the gear teeth due to kinematic motion, tooth and rim deformations, vibration, and localized increases in compliance due to a tooth root crack. The damage is modeled by releasing the connectivity of the finite element mesh at select nodes near a tooth crack. The sensitivity of the calculated static transmission errors and tooth mesh stiffnesses is determined for varying crack initial locations, final locations, and the path from the initial to final location. Gear tooth mesh stiffness is calculated for a wide range of tooth root crack lengths, including large cracks that extend through nearly all of the tooth. Mesh stiffnesses are meaningfully reduced due to tooth root crack damage. The dynamic response is calculated for cracks of varying length. Larger cracks result in increased peak dynamic transmission errors. For small tooth root cracks the spectrum of dynamic transmission error contains components near the natural frequency of the gear pair. The spectrum of dynamic transmission error has broadband frequency response for large tooth root cracks that extend further than one-half of the tooth’s thickness.

Frictional Contact Stress Analysis of Spur Gear by Using Finite Element Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan ◽  
Saravanan Karuppanan ◽  
Santosh S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Face Width ◽  
The Face ◽  
Stress Result ◽  
Element Method

Spur gear is used to transfer rotary motion between parallel shafts. The simplicity in its design is one of the advantages of the spur gear. However higher frictional force that is accumulated on the gear teeth will influence the spur gear performance. Many previous papers elaborated extensively on the contact stress in the spur gear but few of them gave the details on how friction affects the gear teeth. There are insufficient frictional effect data in the gear and thus should be regarded as an important research parameter. In this paper, the contact stress of spur gear has been evaluated with and without friction by employing the Hertz theory, AGMA standard and finite element method (FEM). The frictionless contact stress result has been validated with both the theoretical methods with minimum deviation. Frictional coefficient range of 0.0 to 0.3 was selected and the corresponding contact stress is directly proportional to the friction coefficient. The work also involves the variation of face width of the gear set under the influence of friction. The contact stress of spur gear was found to be inversely proportional to the face width.

An Efficient Hybrid Analytical-Computational Method for Nonlinear Vibration of Spur Gear Pairs

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Dai ◽  
Christopher G. Cooley ◽  
Robert G. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Lumped Parameter

This work develops a hybrid analytical-computational (HAC) method for nonlinear dynamic response in spur gear pairs. The formulation adopts a contact model developed in (Eritenel, T., and Parker, R. G., 2013, “Nonlinear Vibration of Gears With Tooth Surface Modifications,” ASME J. Vib. Acoust., 135(5), p. 051005) where the dynamic force at the mating gear teeth is determined from precalculated static results based on the instantaneous mesh deflection and position in the mesh cycle. The HAC method merges this calculation of the contact force based on an underlying finite element static analysis into a numerical integration of an analytical vibration model. The gear translational and rotational vibrations are calculated from a lumped-parameter analytical model where the crucial dynamic mesh force is calculated using a force-deflection function (FDF) that is generated from a series of static finite element analyses performed before the dynamic calculations. Incomplete tooth contact and partial contact loss are captured by the static finite element analyses and included in the FDF, as are tooth modifications. In contrast to typical lumped-parameter models elastic deformations of the gear teeth, including the tooth root strains and contact stresses, are calculated. Accelerating gears and transient situations can be analyzed. Comparisons with finite element calculations and available experiments validate the HAC model in predicting the dynamic response of spur gear pairs, including for resonant gear speeds when high amplitude vibrations are excited and contact loss occurs. The HAC model is five orders of magnitude faster than the underlying finite element code with almost no loss of accuracy.

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