Interpreting Measures of Rarity and Novelty: Investigating Correlations Between Relative Infrequency and Perceived Ratings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan B. Weaver ◽  
Benjamin W. Caldwell ◽  
Vicki Sheafer
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Objective Representation ◽  
Design Ideation

Abstract Central to the struggle in design ideation research is the quantification of abstract and qualitative measures. Among these measures, creativity, originality, and novelty are some of the most subjective and generally disagreed upon constructs. In recent years in the design community, novelty has primarily been measured with two distinct styles of metrics: relative infrequency and perceived ratings. Relative infrequency captures how rare an idea is within an idea set for an objective representation of novelty, while ratings quantify the perceptions of appropriate judges for an intuitive understanding of novelty. This paper investigates the convergent validity between these two styles through the implementation of three previously published methods. Moderate convergent validity is shown between a measure of relative infrequency and perceived ratings leading to clear and meaningful recommendations for metrics in future research. However, the degree of disagreement warrants differentiation between the two styles regarding terminology and analysis. This study will aid in the research and interpretation of future studies of creativity in ideation.

scholarly journals Experience of Groove Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Nina Düvel ◽  
Philippe Labonde ◽  
Toni Bechtold ◽  
Olivier Senn ◽  
Reinhard Kopiez
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
English Version ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Quality Scale ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Correlated Factors ◽  
German Data

In recent empirical research, the experience of groove (i.e., the pleasant sense of wanting to move along with the music) has come into focus. By developing the new Experience of Groove Questionnaire (EGQ), Senn et al. (2020) have provided a standardized and validated research instrument for future studies, consisting of the two correlated factors Urge to Move and Pleasure. The present study reports the translation of the English version into German and a validation with a German sample (N = 455). The original version’s factor structure was confirmed by the German data. Test-retest reliability was found to be high (rtt > .85) for both factors. To determine convergent validity, two other scales were included: The Drum Pattern Quality Scale (Frühauf, Kopiez, & Platz, 2013) and the Aesthetic Emotions Scale (Schindler et al., 2017) showed high correlations (.78 < r < .87) with the two factors of the EGQ and therefore indicated convergent validity. We conclude that the German version shows good psychometric properties and recommend its use for future research on the experience of groove.

Development and Construct Validation of the German Workplace Trust Survey (G-WTS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock ◽  
Simone Kauffeld
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Workplace Trust

In research on trust in the organizational context, there is some agreement evolving that trust should be measured with respect to various foci. The Workplace Trust Survey (WTS) by Ferres (2002) provides reliable assessment of coworker, supervisor, and organizational trust. By means of a functionally equivalent translation, we developed a German version of the questionnaire (G-WTS) comprising 21 items. A total of 427 employees were surveyed with the G-WTS and questionnaires concerning several work-related attitudes and behaviors and 92 of these completed the survey twice. The hypothesized three-dimensional conceptualization of organizational trust was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The G-WTS showed good internal consistency and retest reliability values. Concerning convergent validity, all of the three G-WTS dimensions positively predicted job satisfaction. In terms of discriminant validity, Coworker Trust enhanced group cohesion; Supervisor Trust fostered innovative behavior, while Organizational Trust was associated with affective commitment. Theoretical and practical contributions as well as opportunities for future research with the G-WTS are discussed.

Development of the Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pedro Sobral ◽  
Maria Emília Costa
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fear Of Intimacy ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract. We developed a new instrument designed to measure fear of intimacy in romantic relationships. We suggest assessing fear of intimacy through two dimensions: self-revelation and dependence. The Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ) was validated across three studies in which a 10-item solution systematically emerged. Consistently with a two component perspective, a two-factor solution fitted data the best: fear of losing the self (FLS) and fear of losing the other (FLO). Qualitative analyses verified content validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses tested the factor structure. Multigroup analyses supported the structural invariance across gender, age, and relationship status. Both factors showed adequate discriminant validity and internal consistency, and good 3-week period test-retest reliability. Associations between the FICQ and insecure attachment orientations demonstrated convergent validity. The association between the FICQ and relationship satisfaction above and beyond a preexisting measure offered criterion validity. By going beyond traditional self-revelation-focused conception of fear of intimacy, that is, by proposing a bi-dimensional structure to fear of intimacy, we believe that this new measure will contribute to future research on fear of intimacy.

Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS): Translation and Validation in Urdu Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-189
Author(s):  
Afifa Anjum ◽  
Naumana Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Translation And Validation

Values in Action is a classification of 24 character strengths grouped under six virtue categories. This classification is claimed to be universal across cultures and religions (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) and its measure that is, Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) has been translated and validated in many languages. The present study aimed at its Urdu translation and validation on Pakistani adults taken from different educational institutes and workplaces. Study comprised two parts. Part I dealt with the translation and cross-language validation while in Part II, Construct validation on a sample of 542 adults and convergent validity on a sample of 210 adult participants were determined. Findings revealed satisfactory alpha coefficients for Urdu version. Significant positive correlations with positive affect and life satisfaction and negative correlations with negative affect were indicators of its convergent validity. Age was negatively associated with five strengths whereas significant gender differences were found on seven strengths. Social desirability effects were nonsignificant. Strength-to-virtue level factor structure exploration resulted in a theoretically meaningful four factor structure. Factors were named as Interpersonal, Cognitive, Vitality, and Transcendence and were comparable to factor structures proposed in studies on VIA-IS from a few other cultures. The study offers a valid Urdu translation for use in future studies with adult Urdu speaking population.

PENGEMBANGAN SKALA LOCUS OF CONTROL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Hendryadi Hendryadi
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Employee Selection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Stages

This article aims to develop a short form of the locus of control scale. The study was conducted in two stages: a study of 66 respondents as pilot testing which aims to test content validity, structure validity, and internal consistency. Study 2 was conducted on 328 respondents used to test the validity and reliability of the scale evaluated by the PLS-SEM method (such as internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity). The analysis concludes that the 8-item locus of control scales tested have adequate validity and reliability. A short form locus of control scale was developed and validated in this study, so it can be used in future research and evaluation for HR management practitioners in employee selection Keywords: locus of control, EFA, CFA, scale construction

scholarly journals Collective efficacy and disorder through the eyes of neighbourhood inhabitants and key informants

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082110006
Author(s):  
Wim Hardyns ◽  
Thom Snaphaan ◽  
Sara Willems ◽  
Lieven J. R. Pauwels
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Key Informant

This study examines the ecological reliability, convergent validity and ecological stability of neighbourhood (dis)organizational processes measured by means of two methods: inhabitant surveys and the so-called key informant analysis technique. Considering that ecological processes play a major role in many contemporary criminological theories and research, it is vital to take into account methodological challenges and to question the reliability, validity and stability of the measures reflecting these underlying processes. (Dis)organizational processes are predominantly measured by means of questionnaires surveying neighbourhood inhabitants. To yield ecologically reliable and valid measures this approach requires large numbers of respondents. In this study we analyse the relationships between ecological measures of neighbourhood processes based on surveys of inhabitants versus key informants. The findings suggest that key informants can provide reliable, valid and stable measures of (dis)organizational neighbourhood processes. Therefore, the key informant analysis technique is an essential complementary, or even substitutive, method in the measurement of neighbourhood processes; shared survey-method variance is eliminated and it is possible to survey fewer key informants than inhabitants to obtain reliable and valid information on social trust and disorder. Nevertheless, this method is not suitable for measuring all neighbourhood processes, such as informal social control. Therefore, outstanding challenges and avenues for future research are discussed as well.

Development and initial validation of the Subjective Academic Wellbeing Measure: A new tool of youth wellbeing in school

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Murat Yıldırım ◽  
Silvia Majercakova Albertova
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
School Context ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Academic Functioning ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Gender Groups

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the preliminary development and validation of the Subjective Academic Wellbeing Measure (SAWM), which is a six-item self-report rating measure intended for use as a screening tool to assess the positive academic functioning of young people within the elementary and high school context. Exploratory factor analysis was performed with Sample 1 (N= 161), indicating that the SAWM was characterized by a unidimensional measurement model and had strong factor loadings. Results from confirmatory factor analysis, which was carried out with Sample 2 (N= 199), confirmed the measurement model by yielding good data-model fit statistics that were characterized by strong latent construct and internal reliability estimates. Further analyses showed that the scale had good convergent validity considering scores from several self-reported scales of student mental health problems and positive school functioning. Further analyses also showed that configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance were observed across gender groups. These results provide initial evidence suggesting that the SAWM is a reliable and valid measure that can be used to assess the positive academic functioning of students within the school context. Implications are discussed, and some suggestions are provided for future research and practice

A Twin Register for Eye Studies and Need for Collaboration

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Effective Collaboration

This twin register was organized as a resource for studies on the eye. It has been possible to share this resource with other disciplines through effective collaboration. Conversely, only through the assistance of other investigators who are working with twins, will it be practical to undertake certain studies which are important in ophthalmology. The purpose of this presentation is to convey a description of our register and some of its limitations, and to specify the need for collaboration with others.The original purpose in assembling this register was to identify a group of twins readily available for multiple clinical examinations. Since the first examining facility was to be located near the National Institutes of Health, practical considerations required that twin residence be limited to the metropolitan Washington, D. C. area. Twins of all ages were included in the register, since proposed investigations pertained to different age categories. No effort was made to select twins through randomization procedures; all twins who were identified were invited to membership in the register. A variety of methods were used to locate twins, including contact with schools and clubs, but the largest proportion of registrants were recommended by other twins.Twins were offered a thorough eye examination, along with the solicitation of their interest in participating in future research activities. The clinical examination was offered for the following reasons:1) To encourage informed interest in proposed future investigations by acquainting the twins with our facility and purpose;2) To perform base-line observations, so as to identify and enumerate ocular characteristics as an aid in selecting subsets of twins for future studies;3) To obtain data for possible estimates of heritability of selected ocular characteristics.

scholarly journals Biomarkers for microglia activation in neuropathic pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Putu Eka Widyadharma ◽  
Aurelia Vania ◽  
Jimmy FA Barus ◽  
Yudiyanta . ◽  
Thomas Eko Purwata
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Microglia Activation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Activated Microglia ◽  
New Therapy ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Chemical Mediators

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a result of direct disturbances of somatosensory pathways. Its pathophysiology includes various mechanisms. Recent studies have reported an important role of microglia in the NP mechanism. There are several chemical molecules which are involved in microglia activation. The activated microglia will, in turn, enhance some receptors expression that can be used as markers of its activation. Though we still need future studies about precise microglia role in NP mechanism, the chemical mediators that initiate microglia activation and the alteration of some receptors in the activated microglia which have been found from previous studies can be the interesting future research materials and the promising target for a new therapy for NP. Citation: Widyadharma PE, Vania A, Barus JFA, Yudiyanta, Purwata TE. Biomarkers for microglia activation in neuropathic pain. Anaesth pain intensive care 2020;24(1):___ DOI: https://doi.org/10.35975/apic.v24i1. Received – 12 June 2019, Reviewed – 15 September 2019, 29 February 2020, Accepted – 2 March 2020;

scholarly journals PSYCHOGEOGRAPHICAL EXPERIENCE BETWEEN THE SELF AND THE PLACE

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-263
Author(s):  
Mohd Fadhli Shah Khaidzir ◽  
Ruzy Suliza Hashim ◽  
Noraini Md. Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Place Meaning ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Self Discovery ◽  
Attachment Place

Background and Purpose: The absence of psychogeographical awareness is a critical factor contributing to the lackadaisical attitudes towards the place and its environment. As a result, it enables an individual to fully experience a location, both physically and intellectually, while also gaining a feeling of self-discovery and self-realisation.   Methodology: The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of a group of individuals who participated in a field observation. 40 participants from a Malaysian university's foundation level were brought to Malacca to experience the environment's geographical scenery at their own leisure. The survey data was then manually transcribed and analysed in accordance with the study's aim.   Findings: Interactions with individuals and observation of features in the countryside and urban surroundings enabled participants to go on a psychogeographical journey that influenced their way of thinking and behaving. All participants felt that the journey had influenced their experiences and perspectives on their thinking and behaviour, highlighting the critical role of this notion in establishing the connection between place and self.   Contributions:  The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for future research in the field of psychogeography. The data may be used as a baseline for future studies to determine whether a comparable impact exists in other locations, with or without significant features like those found in Malacca.   Keywords: Psychogeography, place attachment, place meaning, self-discovery, Malacca.   Cite as: Khaidzir, M. F. S., Hashim, R. S., & Md. Yusof, N. (2022). Psychogeographical experience between the self and the place.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 7(1), 243-263. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol7iss1pp243-263

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