Study on Crack Propagation Tendencies of Non-Repaired and Repaired Nozzles

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoharu Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Inspection Interval ◽  
Start Ups

A system designed to control and predict the length of cracks that generate in the first-stage nozzles of E and F class gas turbines was developed. This system consists of three programs for (1) inputting cracks, (2) displaying cracks, and (3) predicting cracks, and a database consisting of approximately 350,000 cracks generated in first-stage nozzles taken from past repair records of five power plants operating in Japan. The database also contains data on operating time and number of starts of gas turbines. The distinctive features of this system are described below. 1) The crack data can be entered on the nozzle drawing as a picture by using the mouse. 2) The accumulated data allows the sections of nozzles in which cracks have generated most frequently to be identified. 3) The correlation formula of cracks and operating time or number of starts can be obtained simply. 4) By entering the scheduled operating time or number of start-ups to the time of the next scheduled inspection in the correlation formula, the length of cracks in optional sections and propagating in optional directions can be predicted. Using this system, the statuses of cracks generated in nonrepaired and repaired nozzles of E class gas turbines were compared. The comparison focused on 11 patterns with comparatively long cracks selected from the cracks propagating together with the increase in operating time or number of starts. The propagation of cracks covering a period of approximately two years, which corresponds to the inspection interval of power plants in Japan, was also compared. The results showed that the extent of crack propagation tends to increase with the increase in the number of repairs. Furthermore, the propagation of cracks in repair nozzles is about two times greater than that in non-repair nozzles. It was also found that the system could identify the sections in which the longest cracks are generated.

Study on Crack Propagation Tendencies of Non-Repaired and Repaired Nozzles

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Tomoharu Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Inspection Interval ◽  
Start Ups

A system designed to control and predict the length of cracks that generate in the first-stage nozzles of E and F class gas turbines was developed. This system consists of three programs for (1) inputting cracks, (2) displaying cracks, and (3) predicting cracks, and a database consisting of approximately 350,000 cracks generated in first-stage nozzles taken from past repair records of five power plants operating in Japan. The database also contains data on operating time and number of starts of gas turbines. The distinctive features of this system are described below. (1) The crack data can be entered on the nozzle drawing as a picture by using the mouse. (2) The accumulated data allows the sections of nozzles in which cracks have generated most frequently to be identified. (3) The correlation formula of cracks and operating time or number of starts can be obtained simply. (4) By entering the scheduled operating time or number of start-ups to the time of the next scheduled inspection in the correlation formula, the length of cracks in optional sections and propagating in optional directions can be predicted. Using this system, the statuses of cracks generated in non-repaired and repaired nozzles of E class gas turbines were compared. The comparison focused on 11 patterns with comparatively long cracks selected from the cracks propagating together with the increase in operating time or number of starts. The propagation of cracks covering a period of approximately two years, which corresponds to the inspection interval of power plants in Japan, was also compared. The results showed that the extent of crack propagation tends to increase with the increase in the number of repairs. Furthermore, the propagation of cracks in repair nozzles is about two times greater than that in non-repair nozzles. It was also found that the system could identify the sections in which the longest cracks are generated.

Development of a Crack Growth Prediction System for First Stage Nozzle of Gas Turbine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoharu Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Crack Length ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Crack Patterns

A system was developed for predicting the length of cracks generated in the first-stage nozzles of 1100 °C class gas turbines. The system consists of three programs, namely, crack input, crack display, and crack predicting programs, and a database containing data on 210,000 cracks generated in first-stage nozzles gathered from existing maintenance records maintained at three major power plants in Japan. The crack database also contains numerous crack data collected during inspections, operating hours and number of starts of gas turbine up to the time of inspection. The distinctive features of the system are 1) the crack data can be input as an image over the drawing of first-stage nozzles with a mouse, 2) by accumulating crack data, the sections in which most cracks occur in the first-stage nozzles can be clarified, 3) the correlation of crack length to operating time and number of starts can be analyzed simply, and 4) the length of cracks growing in any direction of any section of first-stage nozzles can be predicted. Crack data collected from three power plants were analyzed. It was found that the cracks that were comparatively long and grew in proportion to an increase in operating time and number of starts were only 11 crack patterns as compared to the entire first-stage nozzles. The length of these 11 crack patterns was predicted for new first-stage nozzles and compared with the measured values obtained from inspection. As a result, it was verified that the crack length could be predicted.

Update on Mitsubishi G Series Gas Turbines With Over 78,000 Hours Fleet Operation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kallianpur ◽  
D. Stacy ◽  
Y. Fukuizumi ◽  
H. Arimura ◽  
S. Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Steam Cooling

Seven G gas turbines from Mitsubishi are in commercial operational at various combined cycle power plants since the first Mitsubishi G gas turbine was inroduced in 1997. The combined operating time on the fleet exceeds over 78,000 actual hours. Additional power plants using Mitsubishi G-series gas turbines are in advanced stages of commissioning in the U.S.A., and are expected to be in commercial operation in 2003. This paper describes operating experience of the Mitsubishi G-series gas turbines, which apply steam-cooling instead of air-cooling to cool the combustor liners. The paper discusses design enhancements that were made to the lead M501G gas turbine at Mitsubishi’s in-house combined cycle power plant facility. It also addresses the effectiveness of those enhancements from the standpoint of hot parts durability and reliability at other power plants that are in commercial operation using Mitsubishi G gas turbines.

The concepts and features of the models of venture investment of energy-oriented startups

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Oleh Pankiv
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Profile Characteristics ◽  
Start Ups

The theoretical and methodological principles of promising managerial decisions concerning the efficiency of attracting financial resources, as well as creation of fundamentally new sources of funding for the development of energy-oriented start-ups are considered. The role and place of the sectors of innovative energy saving and alternative sources of power supply in a complex system of energy independence of the country are determined. The way and the main directions of research and development of the ways to solve the aforementioned problem are outlined. As part of the search for optimization solutions, it is suggested to use the principles of the existing statistical and mathematical apparatus, marketing achievements and achievements in network development that take place in gaming business. An analogue comparison of the principal models was carried out, during which the existing types of energy-oriented start-ups were determined and presented. A separate direction in the economic search is proposed, and its profile characteristics are outlined. The type of model is typical for Ukrainian conditions. The author proposed a method of comparing strategies for attracting financial resources into a gaming business in the core of the research. To solve the investigated problem, it is proposed to apply the property of the law of the emergence. The analysis is based on a concrete example of the functioning of the tender procedure, namely the organization of public procurement. The purpose of the article is to consider and analyze the author's proposal to focus on such an important phenomenon as the constant creation of the difference between the expected price and the final contractual price. The model of the solution is based on the systematic combination of this phenomenon and the administrative stimulation of implementation of exclusively energy-innovation projects. The combination of these two points is the basis of an optimization policy for the potential formation and maintenance of a state program to search and stimulate the sources of funding for power plants.

Influence of the synthesis method of tert-butylated triphenyl phosphates on the operational properties of fire-resistant fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
A.S. Medzhibovskiy ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kolokolnikov ◽  
A.O. Savchenko ◽  
G.A. Poldushova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Phosphorus Oxychloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Triphenyl Phosphate ◽  
Prolonged Contact

Three substituted aryl esters of orthophosphoric acid are the base component of fire-resistant fluids used in the lubricating and electro-hydraulic control system at steam and gas turbines of power plants. In this paper, we studied the possibility of improving the physicochemical and performance properties of phosphates, which are made of the raw materials available in the Russian Federation: phenol and 4-tert-butylphenol by reducing the content of an undesirable component - unsubstituted triphenyl phosphate, which is particularly vulnerable towards water. According to the results of the work, the conclusions were made: - a decrease in the content of triphenyl phosphate to a level of 1% and below leads to some improvement (reduction) of the air release time and an increase in the hydrolytic stability (represented as reducing the change in acid number after prolonged contact with water) of the fire-resistant fluid based on mixed esters. The degree of change of these properties is quantified. - it is possible to achieve the minimum content of triphenyl phosphate by changing the phosphorylation technology. By carrying out the process stepwise, the possibility of the interaction of phosphorus oxychloride with unsubstituted phenol is substantially eliminated, that is why there is almost no probability of an undesirable component formation in the resulting mixture of esters.

scholarly journals Ruhrchemie/Ruhrkohle’s Technical Version of the Texaco Coal Gasifier as Part of a Combined Cycle Plant

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Cornils ◽  
J. Hibbel ◽  
P. Ruprecht ◽  
R. Dürrfeld ◽  
J. Langhoff
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant

The Ruhrchemie/Ruhrkohle variant of the Texaco Coal Gasification Process (TCGP) has been on stream since 1978. As the first demonstration plant of the “second generation” it has confirmed the advantages of the simultaneous gasification of coal: at higher temperatures; under elevated pressures; using finely divided coal; feeding the coal as a slurry in water. The operating time so far totals 9000 hrs. More than 50,000 tons of coal have been converted to syn gas with a typical composition of 55 percent CO, 33 percent H2, 11 percent CO2 and 0.01 percent of methane. The advantages of the process — low environmental impact, additional high pressure steam production, gas generation at high pressure levels, steady state operation, relatively low investment costs, rapid and reliable turn-down and load-following characteristics — make such entrained-bed coal gasification processes highly suitable for power generation, especially as the first step of combined cycle power plants.

scholarly journals Clear Skies Ahead

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (06) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Boom And Bust

This article discusses various fields where gas turbines can play a vital role. Building engines for commercial jetliners is the largest market segment for the gas turbine industry; however, it is far from being the only one. One 2015 military gas turbine program of note was the announcement of an U.S. Air Force competition for an innovative design of a small turbine engine, suitable for a medium-size drone aircraft. The electrical power gas turbine market experienced a sharp boom and bust from 2000 to 2002 because of the deregulation of many electric utilities. Since then, however, the electric power gas turbine market has shown a steady increase, right up to present times. Coal-fired plants now supply less than 5 percent of the electrical load, having been largely replaced by new natural gas-fired gas turbine power plants. Working in tandem with renewable energy power facilities, the new fleet of gas turbines is expected to provide reliable, on-demand electrical power at a reasonable cost.

Assessment of the Potential of Combined Micro Gas Turbine and High Temperature Fuel Cell Systems

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bohn ◽  
Nathalie Po¨ppe ◽  
Joachim Lepers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Technological Assessment

The present paper reports a detailed technological assessment of two concepts of integrated micro gas turbine and high temperature (SOFC) fuel cell systems. The first concept is the coupling of micro gas turbines and fuel cells with heat exchangers, maximising availability of each component by the option for easy stand-alone operation. The second concept considers a direct coupling of both components and a pressurised operation of the fuel cell, yielding additional efficiency augmentation. Based on state-of-the-art technology of micro gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells, the paper analyses effects of advanced cycle parameters based on future material improvements on the performance of 300–400 kW combined micro gas turbine and fuel cell power plants. Results show a major potential for future increase of net efficiencies of such power plants utilising advanced materials yet to be developed. For small sized plants under consideration, potential net efficiencies around 70% were determined. This implies possible power-to-heat-ratios around 9.1 being a basis for efficient utilisation of this technology in decentralised CHP applications.

Erosion Resistance and Efficiency of Energy Exchangers

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Thayer ◽  
R. T. Taussig
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Effluent Stream ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Applications of energy exchangers, a type of gasdynamic wave machine, were evaluated in power plants fired by pressurized, fluidized bed combustors (PFBCs). Comparative analyses of overall power plant efficiency indicate that the use of energy exchangers as hot gas expanders may provide a 0.5 to 1.5 efficiency point increase relative to gas turbines. In addition, the unique operating characteristics of these machines are expected to reduce rotating component wear by a factor of 50 to 300 relative to conventional gas turbines operating in the particulate laden PFBC effluent stream.

Dynamic Behavior of a Solar Hybrid Gas Turbine System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Felsmann ◽  
Uwe Gampe ◽  
Manfred Freimark
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Component Development

Solar hybrid gas turbine technology has the potential to increase the efficiency of future solar thermal power plants by utilizing solar heat at a much higher temperature level than state of the art plants based on steam turbine cycles. In a previous paper the authors pointed out, that further development steps are required for example in the field of component development and in the investigation of the system dynamics to realize a mature technology for commercial application [1]. In this paper new findings on system dynamics are presented based on the simulation model of a solar hybrid gas turbine with parallel arrangement of the combustion chamber and solar receivers. The operational behavior of the system is described by means of two different scenarios. The System operation in a stand-alone electrical supply network is investigated in the first scenario. Here it is shown that fast load changes in the network lead to a higher shaft speed deviation of the electric generator compared to pure fossil fired systems. In the second scenario a generator load rejection, as a worst case, is analyzed. The results make clear that additional relief concepts like blow-off valves are necessary as the standard gas turbine protection does not meet the specific requirements of the solar hybrid operation. In general the results show, that the solar hybrid operational modes are much more challenging for the gas turbines control and safety system compared to pure fossil fired plants due to the increased volumetric storage capacity of the system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document