Application of Ultra-Low NOx Combustor to the MHPS Existing Gas Turbine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nishiumi ◽  
Hirofumi Ohara ◽  
Kotaro Miyauchi ◽  
Sosuke Nakamura ◽  
Toshishige Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Design Development ◽  
And Control

Abstract In recent years, MHPS achieved a NET M501J gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) efficiency in excess of 62% operating at 1,600°C, while maintaining NOx under 25ppm. Taking advantage of our gas turbine combustion design, development and operational experience, retrofits of earlier generation gas turbines have been successfully applied and will be described in this paper. One example of the latest J-Series technologies, a conventional pilot nozzle was changed to a premix type pilot nozzle for low emission. The technology was retrofitted to the existing F-Series gas turbines, which resulted in emission rates of lower than 9ppm NOx(15%O2) while maintaining the same Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT: Average Gas Temperature at the exit of the transition piece). After performing retrofitting design, high pressure rig tests, the field test prior to commercial operation was conducted on January 2019. This paper describes the Ultra-Low NOx combustor design features, retrofit design, high pressure rig test and verification test results of the upgraded M501F gas turbine. In addition, it describes another upgrade of turbine to improve efficiency and of combustion control system to achieve low emissions. Furthermore it describes the trouble-free upgrade of seven (7) units, which was completed by utilizing MHPS integration capabilities, including handling all the design, construction and service work of the main equipment, plant and control systems.

A Study on Low NOx Combustion in LBG-Fueled 1500°C-Class Gas Turbine

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Nakata ◽  
Mikio Sato ◽  
Toru Ninomiya ◽  
Takeharu Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Secondary Air

Developing integrated coal gasification combined cycle systems ensures cost-effective and environmentally sound options for supplying future power generation needs. The reduction of NOx emissions and increasing the inlet temperature of gas turbines are the most significant issues in gas turbine development in an Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation systems. The coal gasified fuel, which is produced in a coal gasifier of air-blown entrained-flow type has calorific value as low as 1/10 of natural gas. Furthermore the fuel gas contains ammonia when a gas cleaning system is a hot type, and ammonia will be converted to nitrogen oxides in the combustion process of a gas turbine. This study is performed in a 1500°C-class gas turbine combustor firing low-Btu coal-gasified fuel in IGCC systems. An advanced rich-lean combustor of 150-MW class gas turbine was designed to hold stable combustion burning low-Btu gas and to reduce fuel NOx emission that is produced from the ammonia in the fuel. The main fuel and the combustion air is supplied into fuel-rich combustion chamber with strong swirl flow and make fuel-rich flame to decompose ammonia into intermediate reactants such as NHi and HCN. The secondary air is mixed with primary combustion gas dilatorily to suppress the oxidization of ammonia reactants in fuel-lean combustion chamber and to promote a reducing process to nitrogen. By testing it under atmospheric pressure conditions, the authors have obtained a very significant result through investigating the effect of combustor exit gas temperature on combustion characteristics. Since we have ascertained the excellent performance of the tested combustor through our extensive investigation, we wish to report on the results.

A Study on Low NOx Combustion in LBG-Fueled 1500°C-Class Gas Turbine

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakata ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
T. Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Gas Temperature

Developing integrated coal gasification combined-cycle systems ensures cost-effective and environmentally sound options for supplying future power generation needs. The reduction of NOx emissions and increasing the inlet temperature of gas turbines are the most significant issues in gas turbine development in Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation systems. The coal gasified fuel, which is produced in a coal gasifier of an air-blown entrained-flow type has a calorific value as low as 1/10 of natural gas. Furthermore, the fuel gas contains ammonia when a gas cleaning system is a hot type, and ammonia will be converted to nitrogen oxides in the combustion process of a gas turbine. This study is performed in a 1500°C-class gas turbine combustor firing low-Btu coal-gasified fuel in IGCC systems. An advanced rich-lean combustor of 150-MW class gas turbine was designed to hold stable combustion burning low-Btu gas and to reduce fuel NOx emissions from the ammonia in the fuel. The main fuel and the combustion air are supplied into a fuel-rich combustion chamber with strong swirl flow and make fuel-rich flame to decompose ammonia into intermediate reactants such as NHi and HCN. The secondary air is mixed with primary combustion gas dilatorily to suppress the oxidization of ammonia reactants in fuel-lean combustion chamber and to promote a reducing process to nitrogen. By testing under atmospheric pressure conditions, the authors have obtained a very significant result through investigating the effect of combustor exit gas temperature on combustion characteristics. Since we have ascertained the excellent performance of the tested combustor through our extensive investigation, we wish to report on the results.

Expanding Fuel Flexibility in MHPS’ Dry Low NOx Combustor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyoshi Tada ◽  
Kei Inoue ◽  
Tomo Kawakami ◽  
Keijiro Saitoh ◽  
Satoshi Tanimura
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Fuel Flexibility

Gas-turbine combined-cycle (GTCC) power generation is clean and efficient, and its demand will increase in the future from economic and social perspectives. Raising turbine inlet temperature is an effective way to increase combined cycle efficiency and contributes to global environmental conservation by reducing CO2 emissions and preventing global warming. However, increasing turbine inlet temperature can lead to the increase of NOx emissions, depletion of the ozone layer and generation of photochemical smog. To deal with this issue, MHPS (MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS) and MHI (MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES) have developed Dry Low NOx (DLN) combustion techniques for high temperature gas turbines. In addition, fuel flexibility is one of the most important features for DLN combustors to meet the requirement of the gas turbine market. MHPS and MHI have demonstrated DLN combustor fuel flexibility with natural gas (NG) fuels that have a large Wobbe Index variation, a Hydrogen-NG mixture, and crude oils.

Performance and Cost Analysis of Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Precombustion CO2 Capture

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bartlett ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath ◽  
Andrei Evulet ◽  
Tord Peter Ursin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advanced combined cycle gas turbine plants with precombustion capture of CO2 from natural gas. In particular, the designs are carried out with the objectives of high efficiency, low capital cost, and low emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The novel cycles introduced in this paper are comprised of a high-pressure syngas generation island, in which an air-blown partial oxidation reformer is used to generate syngas from natural gas, and a power island, in which a CO2-lean syngas is burnt in a large frame machine. In order to reduce the efficiency penalty of natural gas reforming, a significant effort is spent evaluating and optimizing alternatives to recover the heat released during the process. CO2 is removed from the shifted syngas using either CO2 absorbing solvents or a CO2 membrane. CO2 separation membranes, in particular, have the potential for considerable cost or energy savings compared with conventional solvent-based separation and benefit from the high-pressure level of the syngas generation island. A feasibility analysis and a cycle performance evaluation are carried out for large frame gas turbines such as the 9FB. Both short-term and long-term solutions have been investigated. An analysis of the cost of CO2 avoided is presented, including an evaluation of the cost of modifying the combined cycle due to CO2 separation. The paper describes a power plant reaching the performance targets of 50% net cycle efficiency and 80% CO2 capture, as well as the cost target of 30$ per ton of CO2 avoided (2006 Q1 basis). This paper indicates a development path to this power plant that minimizes technical risks by incremental implementation of new technology.

Application of “H Gas Turbine” Design Technology to Increase Thermal Efficiency and Output Capability of the Mitsubishi M701G2 Gas Turbine

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fukuizumi ◽  
J. Masada ◽  
V. Kallianpur ◽  
Y. Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Design Development

Mitsubishi completed design development and verification load testing of a steam-cooled M501H gas turbine at a combined cycle power plant at Takasago, Japan in 2001. Several advanced technologies were specifically developed in addition to the steam-cooled components consisting of the combustor, turbine blades, vanes, and the rotor. Some of the other key technologies consisted of an advanced compressor with a pressure ratio of 25:1, active clearance control, and advanced seal technology. Prior to the M501H, Mitsubishi introduced cooling-steam in “G series” gas turbines in 1997 to cool combustor liners. Recently, some of the advanced design technologies from the M501H gas turbine were applied to the G series gas turbine resulting in significant improvement in output and thermal efficiency. A noteworthy aspect of the technology transfer is that the upgraded G series M701G2 gas turbine has an almost equivalent output and thermal efficiency as H class gas turbines while continuing to rely on conventional air cooling of turbine blades and vanes, and time-proven materials from industrial gas turbine experience. In this paper we describe the key design features of the M701G2 gas turbine that make this possible such as the advanced 21:1 compressor with 14 stages, an advanced premix DLN combustor, etc., as well as shop load test results that were completed in 2002 at Mitsubishi’s in-house facility.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Topping Stage Based on Energy Exchangers: Process and Performance

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Zauner ◽  
Yau-Pin Chyou ◽  
Frederic Walraven ◽  
Rolf Althaus
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
And Performance

Power generation in gas turbines is facing three main challenges today: • Low pollution prescribed by legal requirements. • High efficiency to obtain low operating cost and low CO2 emissions. • High specific power output to obtain low product and installation cost. Unfortunately, some of these requirements are contradictory: high efficiency and specific power force the development towards higher temperatures and pressures which increase NOx emissions and intensify the cooling and material strength problems. A breakthrough can be achieved by applying an energy exchanger as a topping stage. Inherent advantages are the self-cooled cell-rotor which can be exposed to much higher gas temperature than a steady-flow turbine and a very short residence time at peak temperature which keeps NOx emissions under control. The basic idea has been proposed long time ago. Fundamental research has now led to a new energy exchanger concept. Key issues include symmetric pressure-wave processes, partial suppression of flow separation and fluid mixing, as well as quick afterburning in premixed mode. The concept has been proven in a laboratory-scale engine with very promising results. The application of an energy exchanger as a topping stage onto existing gas turbines would increase the efficiency by 17% (relative) and the power by 25%. Since the temperature level in the turbine remains unchanged, the performance improvement can also be fully utilized in combined cycle applications. This process indicates great potentials for developing advanced gas turbine systems as well as for retrofitting existing ones.

Technology Application to MHPS Large Flame F Series Gas Turbine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Fujimoto ◽  
Yuya Fukunaga ◽  
Satoshi Hada ◽  
Toshishige Ai ◽  
Masanori Yuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
National Project ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Actual Equipment ◽  
Global Environmental

The development of gas turbines, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. (MHPS) has continued to pursue and contribute to society in terms of global environmental conservation and stable energy supply. MHPS leverages its abundant gas turbine operation experience and takes advantage of its extensive advanced technologies research on the Japanese National Project. MHPS has been participating in this project since 2004. Recent years’ achievements include the demonstration of a gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) efficiency in excess of 62% created by increasing the turbine inlet temperature to the 1,600°C class in the M501J in 2011. The Latest M701F incorporates “J” gas turbine technologies, already applied to actual equipment, for efficiency improvement. It also applies air-cooled combustor technologies successfully validated in the G class, for increased flexibility. The 1st unit started commercial operation in 2015 and currently 4 units has accumulated more than 46,000 actual operating hours collectively. MHPS is making the upgrading program for existing F-series gas turbines. The proven technology verified in the M501J and developed in the National project increases efficiency and reliability. This paper explains the features and development status of Latest M701F gas turbine, and explains upgrade program for existing F-series gas turbines.

scholarly journals Effects of Leading-Edge Modification in Damaged Rotor Blades on Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-Pressure Gas Turbine

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2191
Author(s):  
Thanh Dam Mai ◽  
Jaiyoung Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Damage Location

The flow and heat-transfer attributes of gas turbines significantly affect the output power and overall efficiency of combined-cycle power plants. However, the high-temperature and high-pressure environment can damage the turbine blade surface, potentially resulting in failure of the power plant. Because of the elevated cost of replacing turbine blades, damaged blades are usually repaired through modification of their profile around the damage location. This study compared the effects of modifying various damage locations along the leading edge of a rotor blade on the performance of the gas turbine. We simulated five rotor blades—an undamaged blade (reference) and blades damaged on the pressure and suction sides at the top and middle. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equation was used to investigate the compressible flow in a GE-E3 gas turbine. The results showed that the temperatures of the blade and vane surfaces with damages at the middle increased by about 0.8% and 1.2%, respectively. This causes a sudden increase in the heat transfer and thermal stress on the blade and vane surfaces, especially around the damage location. Compared with the reference case, modifications to the top-damaged blades produced a slight increase in efficiency about 2.6%, while those to the middle-damaged blades reduced the efficiency by approximately 2.2%.

scholarly journals AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON MICRO GAS TURBINES: EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

In the panorama of gas turbines for energy production, a great relevance is given to performance impact of the ambient conditions. Under the influence of ambient temperature, humidity and other factors, the engine performance is subject to consistent variations. This is true for large power plants as well as small engines. In Combined Cycle configuration, variation in performance are mitigated by the HRSG and the bottoming steam cycle. In a small scale system, such as a micro gas turbine, the influence on the electric and thermal power productions is strong as well, and is not mitigated by a bottoming cycle. This work focuses on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine and its performance through a series of operations with different ambient temperatures. The goal is to characterize the engine performance deriving simple correlations for the influence of ambient temperature on performance, at different electrical loads. The newly obtained experimental data are compared with previous performance curves on a modified machine, to capture the differences due to hardware degradation in time. An active management of the compressor inlet temperature may be developed in the future, basing on the analysis reported here.

Evaluation for Scalability of a Combined Cycle Using Gas and Bottoming SCO2 Turbines

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Moroz ◽  
Petr Pagur ◽  
Oleksii Rudenko ◽  
Maksym Burlaka ◽  
Clement Joly
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust

Bottoming cycles are drawing a real interest in a world where resources are becoming scarcer and the environmental footprint of power plants is becoming more controlled. Reduction of flue gas temperature, power generation boost without burning more fuel and even production of heat for cogeneration applications are very attractive and it becomes necessary to quantify how much can really be extracted from a simple cycle to be converted to a combined configuration. As supercritical CO2 is becoming an emerging working fluid [2, 3, 5, 7 and 8] due not only to the fact that turbomachines are being designed significantly more compact, but also because of the fluid’s high thermal efficiency in cycles, it raises an increased interest in its various applications. Evaluating the option of combined gas and supercritical CO2 cycles for different gas turbine sizes, gas turbine exhaust gas temperatures and configurations of bottoming cycle type becomes an essential step toward creating guidelines for the question, “how much more can I get with what I have?”. Using conceptual design tools for the cycle system generates fast and reliable results to draw this type of conclusion. This paper presents both the qualitative and quantitative advantages of combined cycles for scalability using machines ranging from small to several hundred MW gas turbines to determine which configurations of S-CO2 bottoming cycles are best for pure electricity production.

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