Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Soy Methyl Ester Biodiesel Blends in an Automotive Turbocharged Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Moscherosch ◽  
Christopher J. Polonowski ◽  
Scott A. Miers ◽  
Jeffrey D. Naber
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Soy Methyl Ester ◽  
Low Sulfur

Recent increases in petroleum fuel costs, CAFE standards, and environmental concerns about CO2 emissions from petroleum based fuels have created an increased opportunity for diesel engines and renewable alternative fuels such as biodiesel. Additionally, the Environmental Protection Agencies Tier II heavy duty and light duty emissions regulations require significant reductions in NOx and diesel particulate matter emissions for diesel engines. As a result, the diesel engine and aftertreatment system is a highly calibrated system that is sensitive to changing fuel characteristics. This study focuses on the impact of soy methyl ester biodiesel blends on combustion performance, carbonaceous soot matter and NOX emissions. Tests were completed with an I4 1.9L, turbocharged, high speed, direct injection diesel engine using commercially available 15 ppm ultra low sulfur diesel, a soy methyl ester B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% ultra low sulfur diesel) biodiesel blend and a pure soy methyl ester biodiesel. Results show a reduction in NOx and carbonaceous soot matter emissions and an increase in brake specific fuel consumption with the use of biodiesel. Further, traditional methodology assumes that diesel fuels with a high cetane number have a reduced ignition delay. However, results from this study show the cetane number is not the only parameter effecting ignition delay.

Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Soy Methyl Ester Biodiesel Blends in an Automotive Turbocharged Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Moscherosch ◽  
Christopher J. Polonowski ◽  
Scott A. Miers ◽  
Jeffrey D. Naber
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Corporate Average Fuel Economy ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Soy Methyl Ester ◽  
The Impact

Recent increases in petroleum fuel costs, corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) regulations, and environmental concerns about CO2 emissions from petroleum based fuels have created an increased opportunity for diesel engines and non-petroleum renewable fuels such as biodiesel. Additionally, the Environmental Protection Agencies Tier II heavy duty and light duty emissions regulations require significant reductions in NOx and diesel particulate matter emissions for diesel engines. As a result, the diesel engine and aftertreatment system is a highly calibrated system that is sensitive to fuel characteristics. This study focuses on the impact of soy methyl ester biodiesel blends on combustion performance, NOx, and carbonaceous soot matter emissions. Tests were completed using a 1.9 L, turbocharged direct injection diesel engine using commercially available 15 ppm ultra low sulfur (ULS) diesel, a soy methyl ester B20 biodiesel blend (20 vol % B100 and 80 vol % ULS diesel), and a pure soy methyl ester biodiesel. Results show a reduction in NOx and carbonaceous soot matter emissions, and an increase in brake specific fuel consumption with the use of biodiesel. Further, traditional methodology assumes that diesel fuels with a high cetane number have a reduced ignition delay. However, results from this study show the cetane number is not the only parameter effecting ignition delay due to increased diffusion burn.

Effect of n-heptane and n-decane on exhaust odour in direct injection diesel engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Roy
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Incomplete Combustion

This study investigated the effect of n-heptane and n-decane on exhaust odour in direct injection (DI) diesel engines. The prospect of these alternative fuels to reduce wall adherence and overleaning, major sources of incomplete combustion, as well as odorous emissions has been investigated. The n-heptane was tested as a low boiling point fuel that can improve evaporation as well as wall adherence. However, the odour is a little worse with n-heptane and blends than that of diesel fuel due to overleaning of the mixture. Also, formaldehyde (HCHO) and total hydrocarbon (THC) in the exhaust increase with increasing n-heptane content. The n-decane was tested as a fuel with a high cetane number that can improve ignition delay, which has a direct effect on wall adherence and overleaning. However, with n-decane and blends, the odour rating is about 0.5-1 point lower than for diesel fuel. Moreover, the aldehydes and THC are significantly reduced. This is due to less wall adherence and proper mixture formation.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Basavarajappa ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
S.V. Khandal ◽  
G. Manavendra
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Performance And Emission

For economic and social development of any country energy is one of the most essential requirements. Continuously increasing price of crude petroleum fuels in the present days coupled with alarming emissions and stringent emission regulations has led to growing attention towards use of alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic and gaseous fuels for diesel engine applications. Use of such fuels can ease the burden on the economy by curtailing the fuel imports. Diesel engines are highly efficient and the main problems associated with them is their high smoke and NOx emissions.  Hence there is an urgent need to promote the use of alternative fuels in place of high speed diesel (HSD) as substitute. India has a large agriculture base that can be used as a feed stock to obtain newer fuel which is renewable and sustainable. Accordingly Uppage oil methyl ester (UOME) biodiesel was selected as an alternative fuel. Use of biodiesels in diesel engines fitted with mechanical fuel injection systems has limitation on the injector opening pressure (300 bar). CRDI system can overcome this drawback by injecting fuel at very high pressures (1500-2500 bar) and is most suitable for biodiesel fuels which are high viscous. This paper presents the performance and emission characteristics of a CRDI diesel engine fuelled with UOME biodiesel at different injection timings and injection pressures. From the experimental evidence it was revealed that UOME biodiesel yielded overall better performance with reduced emissions at retarded injection timing of -10° BTDC in CRDI mode of engine operation.

Formulation of Sasol Isomerized Paraffinic Kerosene Surrogate Fuel for Diesel Engine Application Using an Ignition Quality Tester

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziliang Zheng ◽  
Tamer Badawy ◽  
Naeim Henein ◽  
Peter Schihl ◽  
Eric Sattler
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Surrogate Fuels ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Ignition Quality ◽  
Surrogate Fuel ◽  
Ignition Quality Tester

Sasol isomerized paraffinic kerosene (IPK) is a coal-derived synthetic fuel under consideration as a blending stock with jet propellant 8 (JP-8) for use in military equipment. However, Sasol IPK is a low ignition quality fuel with derived cetane number (DCN) of 31. The proper use of such alternative fuels in internal combustion engines (ICEs) requires the modification in control strategies to operate engines efficiently. With computational cycle simulation coupled with surrogate fuel mechanism, the engine development process is proved to be very effective. Therefore, a methodology to formulate Sasol IPK surrogate fuels for diesel engine application using ignition quality tester (IQT) is developed. An in-house developed matlab code is used to formulate the appropriate mixture blends, also known as surrogate fuel. And aspen hysys is used to emulate the distillation curve of the surrogate fuels. The properties of the surrogate fuels are compared to those of the target Sasol IPK fuel. The DCNs of surrogate fuels are measured in the IQT and compared with the target Sasol IPK fuel at the standard condition. Furthermore, the ignition delay, combustion gas pressure, and rate of heat release (RHR) of Sasol IPK and its formulated surrogate fuels are analyzed and compared at five different charge temperatures. In addition, the apparent activation energies derived from chemical ignition delay of the surrogate fuel and Sasol IPK are determined and compared.

scholarly journals The Influence of High Cetane Blending Components on Emissions From a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine With EGR

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stuart Neill ◽  
Wallace L. Chippior ◽  
Ken Mitchell ◽  
Craig Faibridge ◽  
Rene´ Pigeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Soy Methyl Ester

The exhaust emissions form a single-cylinder version of a heavy-duty diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were measured with eight high-cetane components blended into an ultra-low sulphur diesel base fuel. the blending components evaluated were conventional nitrate and peroxide cetane improver additives, paraffins from two sources, three ethers, and soy methyl ester. The blending components were used to increase the cetane number of a base fuel by ten numbers, from 44 to 54. Exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL eight-mode steady-state test procedure. PM and NOx emissions from the engine were fairly insensitive to ignition quality improvement by nitrate and peroxide cetane improvers. Soy methyl ester and two of the ethers, 1,4 diethoxybutane and 2-ethoxyethyl ether, significantly reduced PM emissions, but increased ONx emissions. The two paraffinic blending components reduced both PM and NOx emissions.

Performance of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Nanoparticle Blended Biodiesel

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Surya Kanth ◽  
Sumita Debbarma ◽  
Biplab Das
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Iron Nanoparticle ◽  
Petroleum Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Efficient use of depleting petroleum fuel and stringent environmental policy drives the researchers to unveil the alternative fuel to run the diesel engines. Biodiesel has come out to be the immediate alternative due to its properties, but the problem of higher NOx emission is still an issue. With the development of nanotechnology, efforts are made to explore the performance of different nanoadditives with diesel-biodiesel blends. In line with this, it is intended to find the performance of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-biodiesel blend (B20) with iron nanoparticle (INP). Tranesterified soapnut oil biodiesel is used in the blend. Results reveal that dosing level of 75 ppm of INP with B20 results in an increase in BTE by 3.2% and reduce SFC by 4% than that of diesel. This may be due to additional surface energy provided by the INP which lead to a reduction of ignition delay and thus the better combustion. While the emission of HC and NOx is found to reduce by 7.3% and 8.5%, respectively.

scholarly journals Jatropha oil methyl ester and its blends used as an alternative fuel in diesel engine

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Yarrapathruni ◽  
Sudheer Voleti ◽  
Reddy Pereddy ◽  
Raju Alluru
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Blended Fuels

Biomass derived vegetable oils are quite promising alternative fuels for agricultural diesel engines. Use of vegetable oils in diesel engines leads to slightly inferior performance and higher smoke emissions due to their high viscosity. The performance of vegetable oils can be improved by modifying them through the transesterification process. In this present work, the performance of single cylinder water-cooled diesel engine using methyl ester of jatropha oil as the fuel was evaluated for its performance and exhaust emissions. The fuel properties of biodiesel such as kinematic viscosity, calorific value, flash point, carbon residue, and specific gravity were found. Results indicate that B25 has closer performance to diesel and B100 has lower brake thermal efficiency mainly due to its high viscosity compared to diesel. The brake thermal efficiency for biodiesel and its blends was found to be slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at tested load conditions and there was no difference of efficiency between the biodiesel and its blended fuels. For jatropha biodiesel and its blended fuels, the exhaust gas temperature increased with the increase of power and amount of biodiesel. However, its diesel blends showed reasonable efficiency, lower smoke, and CO2 and CO emissions.

scholarly journals DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE, EMISSION AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS WITH OPTIMIZED BLEND OF B25 METHYL ESTER OF MANGO SEED OIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vijayaraj ◽  
A. Muruga Ganesan ◽  
C.G. Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Mango Seed

Oil based fuels worldwide have not just brought about the speedy consumption of available energy sources, yet have likewise caused extreme air pollution. The quests for a substitute fuel has prompted numerous findings because of which wide assortment of alternative fuels are available now. The current investigations have revealed the utilization of vegetable oils for engines as an option for diesel fuel. Since there is a restriction in using vegetable oils in diesel engines because of their high viscosity and low volatility. In the current work, mango seed oil is converted into respective methyl ester by transesterification process. Tests are conducted using different blends of methyl ester of mango seed oil with diesel in a diesel engine. The investigation consequences demonstrated that the MEMSO biodiesel has comparable qualities to that of diesel. The brake thermal efficiency and smoke are seen to be lower in case of MEMSO biodiesel blends than diesel. Then again, BSFC and NOx of MEMSO biodiesel blends are seen as higher than diesel. It is observed that the combustion characteristics of methyl ester of mango seed oil blends seem to be similar with that of the diesel. From this investigation, it is concluded that B25 as optimized blend and could be used as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine with no engine modifications

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