Tribological Film Formation in Hydraulic Motors

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Michael ◽  
Jeffrey M. Guevremont ◽  
Mark T. Devlin ◽  
Charles G. Ziemer
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Hydraulic Motors ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Tribological Films ◽  
Boundary Films

This paper presents an investigation of the tribological films formed in hydraulic motors. Hydraulic motors convert the fluid power energy produced by positive displacement pumps into rotary motion. Earlier research found that the efficiency of this energy transformation can be enhanced by reducing boundary friction. In order to study the nature of the boundary films formed in an orbital motor, a prototype ashless hydraulic fluid was evaluated in a low-speed high-torque dynamometer. The resulting tribofilm was probed via Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The results reveal that increasing the hydraulic system temperature raised the relative phosphorus level of the tribofilm.

Novel Multilayer Process for CuInSe2 Thin Film Formation by Rapid Thermal Processing

1997 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-hung Chang ◽  
Billy Stanbery ◽  
Augusto Morrone ◽  
Albert Davydov ◽  
Tim Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Rapid Thermal Processing ◽  
Precursor Film ◽  
Bilayer Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Cuinse2 Thin Film

AbstractCuInSe2 thin films have been synthesized from binary precursors by Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) at a set-point temperature of 290°C for 70 s. With appropriate processing conditions no detrimental Cu2-xSe phase was detected in the CIS films. The novel binary precursor approach consisted of a bilayer structure of In-Se and Cu-Se compounds. This bilayer structure was deposited by migration enhanced physical vapor deposition at a low temperature (200°C) and the influence of deposition parameters on the precursor film composition was determined. The bilayer structure was then processed by RTP and characterized for constitution by X-ray diffraction and for composition by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy.

First Stage of Film Formation by Latexes Investigated by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Langmuir ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 3283-3288 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dingenouts ◽  
M. Ballauff
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Effect of Film Formation Method and Annealing on Crystallinity of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Films

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Ting Hsu ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lamellar Structures ◽  
Coating Methods ◽  
Formation Method

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) has been shown to have potential medical usage such as in drug delivery because it can degrade into bioabsorbable products in physiological environments, and its degradation is affected by crystallinity. In this paper, the effect of film formation method and annealing on the crystallinity of PLLA are investigated. The films are made through solvent casting and spin coating methods, and subsequent annealing is conducted. The resulting crystalline morphology, structure, conformation, and intermolecular interaction are examined using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is observed that solvent casting produces category 1 spherulites while annealed spin coated films leads to spherulites of category 2. Distinct lamellar structures and intermolecular interactions in the two kinds of films have been shown. The results enable better understanding of the crystallinity in PLLA, which is essential for its drug delivery application.

Control by Mixed-Chloride Additives of the Quality and Homogeneity of Bulk Halide Perovskite upon Film Formation Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Pauporté ◽  
Daming zheng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stability Issue ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
The Stability

Nowadays, overcoming the stability issue of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) while keeping high efficiency has become an urgent need for the future of this technology. By using x-ray diffraction (XRD),...

scholarly journals Justification of the Kinematic Diagrams for the Distribution System of a Planetary Hydraulic Motor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.3) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Voloshina ◽  
Anatolii Panchenko ◽  
Oleg Boltynskiy ◽  
Igor Panchenko ◽  
Olena Titova
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Hydraulic Motors ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Kinematic Diagram ◽  
The Impact

The output characteristics of a planetary (orbital) hydraulic motor could be significantly improved if the kinematic diagrams for its working fluid distribution system are chosen correctly and substantiated. Fluctuations in the flow of the power fluid cause pulsation in the cavity of the input pressure of the hydraulic motor. This results to vibration of the hydraulic system elements. Thus, the hydraulic motor can be considered as a source of pulsation which leads to functional failures of the hydraulic system. As they run at low rotational speeds with high torque, planetary hydraulic motors are commonly applied for a hydraulic drive in active working tools of self-propelled machinery. It has been established that one of the main components of a planetary hydraulic motor, which causes pressure pulsations, is its distribution system. The frequency and amplitude of these pulsations depends on the kinematic diagram for the distribution system of the power fluid. Therefore, we studied how the kinematic diagram for the distribution system effects on the output characteristics of a planetary motor. Since the change in the capacity of a distribution system with various kinematic diagrams influences on the output characteristics of a planetary motor, the impact was investigated. The kinematic diagrams, which improve the output characteristics of planetary hydraulic motors, were justified. 

The Impact of Sinter and Thermoprint on Film Formation of nanoTiO2 Slurry

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1431-1434
Author(s):  
Jun Qian ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Yi Hua Zhou ◽  
Tao Lin Ma ◽  
Zi Qiang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screen Printing ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Inorganic Pigments ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Impact

nanoTiO2 is one of the most important inorganic pigments in many different fields. The effect of sinter and thermoprint on film-forming properties of nanoTiO2 in screen printing were studied in this paper. Compared with sintering, Thermoprint uses high temperature and pressure to make nanoparticles more tight. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Coating Adhesion Test, the better film-formation properties of thermoprint are demonstrated.

Influence of Substrate on Cracking of Vapour-Deposited Thin Films Due to Residual Stresses

1989 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fisher ◽  
J.Z. Duan
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

AbstractThe influence of the substrate material on the column and grain microstructure, the residual stresses, crack patterns and delamination of Cr films has been investigated using TEM, SEM, and X-ray diffraction. The inter-influence of these factors which determine the long term reliability of microelectronics is discussed. When interfacial adhesion is very low, as may be the case with some polymer substrates, cracking occurs discontinuously during film formation each time the stress exceeds the critical value for fracture.

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