Design Point Performance Trends for Water Vapor Compressors

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. D’Orsi ◽  
Sharon E. Wight ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshinaka
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Design Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A design study of various water vapor compressor configurations — including single and multistage centrifugal compressors and multistage axial compressors — is used to determine geometry and performance trends as a function of design speed, compressor configuration, and intercooling method. The intercooled multistage centrifugal machines led to the lowest required power levels, though the large outer diameter of these machines and the addition of an intercooler may reduce their appeal. The non-intercooled multistage axial configurations offered high design point performance and a much smaller outer diameter than the centrifugal machines, though at the expense of large overall axial length and limited flow range. Ultimately, the selection of the right machine for a given application is a tradeoff between the performance and geometry trends illustrated in this paper, as well as the cost of the machine.

The Evaluation of Surface Quality for Particular Parts of Forging Die

2015 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Peter Ižol ◽  
Jozef Beňo
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Production Effectiveness ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Forging Die ◽  
Selection Of

Forming dies are often costly for producers and the cost amount is influenced by production process too. If the die is manufactured by machining, proper strategies would necessary to consider as well. The right selection of adequate strategy helps production times shortening, tool wear reducing and those affect production effectiveness. Used strategies and its parameters are often compromise between acceptable surface quality and variations in shape aside, and production time on the other side. The paper presents the way of evaluation of milling strategy based on selected elements of forming die. This allows choosing the adequate strategy for particular shapes of die and also to evaluate them by the reached surface quality. Presented approach is verified by machining forging die cavity for production of connecting rod.

Activity-Based Costing System for a Small Manufacturing Company

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Januszewski
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
False Information ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Costing System ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the right cost calculation method is of critical importance when it comes to determining the real product profitability (as well as clients and other calculation objects). Traditional cost calculation methods often provide false information. The literature offers many examples of big companies that have given up traditional methods and applied a new method: activity-based costing (ABC). They discovered that many products that are manufactured generate losses and not profits. Managers, based on incorrect calculations, mistakenly believed in the profitability of each product. Turney (1991) reports on an example of an American manufacturer of over 4,000 different integrated circuits. The cost calculation with the allocation of direct production costs as machinery-hour markup demonstrated a profit margin of over 26% for each product. Implementing ABC showed that the production of more than half of the products was not profitable, and having factored in additional sales and management costs (which accounted for about 40% of the total costs), it was as much as over 75%.

The Optimization of Mechanized Earthwork Processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Paulovičová
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Multicriteria Method ◽  
Wise Decision ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Earthwork processes are the most costly and time consuming component of construction these days and they are characterized by a powerful heavy mechanization which participate on the earthwork process. Current pressure for minimize the cost and maximize the productivity highlights the need to optimize earthworks. In this paper, the optimization process in the area of earthwork processes is described. The selection of the right types of machines for earthwork and its implements has become very difficult these days because of availability of variety of machines models and therefore a multicriteria method is presented to tackle the problem. This paper describes methodology for optimizing the earthwork process according to the selected optimal criteria. The methodology is focused on the proposal phase of optimization where the decision maker has to make a decision and choose the right type of excavators. To overcome the problem of comparing the chosen machines a mathematical modeling approach leading to multicriteria optimization was adopted to make the step wise decision. The methodology gives an mathematical models by which we can solve this problem.

Facts and myths about antibiotic therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Bartosz J. Sapilak
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regular Intake ◽  
Selection Of

Resistance to antibiotics is becoming a serious clinical problem. It increases the cost of treatment and is the reason for the failure of therapy. It cannot be eliminated, but the principles of prevention must be respected. First, do not prescribe chemotherapeutics in the therapy of viral infections and symptomatic treatment, after the second care to the selection of a sufficiently high dose, recommend regular intake of the drug and do not shorten the time of therapy. It is also important to choose the right active substance, which should be conditioned by the expected sensitivity of bacteria, the localization of inflammation and the age of the patient. Do not forget about the accompanying therapy, including the ordination of the probiotic and antifungal protection.

A SEGMENT BASED APPROACH FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE NUMBER OF TEST CASES FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF COMPONENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 481-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO W. CANGUSSU ◽  
KENDRA COOPER ◽  
W. ERIC WONG
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Residual Error ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Software Development Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Component-based software development techniques are being adopted to rapidly deploy complex, high quality systems. One of its aspects is the selection of components that realize the specified requirements. In addition to the functional requirements, the selection must be done taking into account some non-functional requirements such as performance, reliability, and usability. Hence, data that characterize the non-functional behavior of the components is needed; a test set is needed to collect this data for each component under consideration. This set may be large, which results in a considerable increase in the cost of the development process. Here, a process is proposed to considerably reduce the number of test cases used in the performance evaluation of components. The process is based on sequential curve fittings from an incremental number of test cases until a minimal pre-specified residual error is achieved. The incremental selection of test cases is done in two different ways: randomly and adaptively. The accuracy and performance of the proposed approach are dependent on the values of the desired residual error. The smaller the residual error, the higher the accuracy. However, performance has an opposite behavior. The smaller the error, the larger the number of test cases needed. The results from experiments with image compression components are a clear indication that a reduction in the number of test cases can be achieved while maintaining reasonable accuracy when using the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Advantage of in Service Condition Based Assessment for Transformers in enhancing the maintenance strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al Balushi
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Service Condition ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Controlling the maintenance OPEX is one of the major challenges that any utility faces. The challenges lie in how to optimize the three main factors: risk, performance, and cost. Besides, no utility can depend on a unique type of maintenance, there is always a combination of a different kind of maintenance such as breakdown, preventive, risk-based, conditionbased,..etc. So, what is the answer to this question: what type of maintenance needs to be followed to keep the transformer in service in with high performance? There is no specific answer to this question. Each type of maintenance can be applied based on the transformer`s operating environment. However, most of the utilities apply preventive and condition-based maintenance. To justify this answer, some data need to be analyzed to assess the maintenance performance and recommend what are enhancement need to be added. One of these approaches is to apply in service condition-based assessment to study the health of the assets based on the current maintenance practice. Furthermore, study both historical maintenance recordsand failure rates will help to understand the relationship between the effectiveness of maintenance and service efficiency.This relation can come in two shapes. One is to do the right things by developing a set of maintenance activities that need to be performed during the maintenance to ensure its effectiveness. Second, is to do things right by enhancing the maintenance crew capabilities and competencies to ensure high efficiency. After analyzing all these factors mentioned above, It has been noticed that in-service condition-based assessment of the transformer is a powerful tool that can be used to enhance and build an effective strategy. It will not only involve a set of activities during the maintenance, but it also covers the whole life cycle of the transformer. Besides, it highlights the gaps in the maintenance process and procedures, and provide indications where enhancement need to be applied based on international practice. These changes were observed on the cost and performance in the benchmarking study that was done through International Transmission Operation and Maintenance Study (ITOMS) which was a good indication of the effectiveness of strategy used for transformers. However, as part of the asset management approach, continuous improvement will continue to reach the vision that has been set in the maintenance optimization and to prepare for the future significant increase in transformer aging.

Understanding the Impact of Brine Hardness on Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Surfactants Performance: A Data Journey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Company ◽  
Sabrina Hocine ◽  
Baptiste Pousset ◽  
Mikel Morvan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Internal Olefin ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Brine composition is one of the key parameters in the design of a surfactant based oil recovery process and is a condition imposed by the reservoir nature. This brine can contain a large variety of ions including monovalent and divalent cations (hardness), which impacts the surfactants solubility. Moreover, hardness evolution during the injection process can also impair surfactant formulations’ performances. Water treatment processes are useful ways to mitigate such risks, but they imply higher CAPEX for the process. As a consequence, the selection of the right surfactant will have a large impact on the cost and on crude oil production. This paper describes solution properties of the most common surfactants used in surfactant flooding i.e. Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates (ABS) and Internal Olefin Sulfonates (IOS) as a function of the brine hardness and will be compared with Internal Ketone Sulfonates (IKS), a new bio-based surfactant family.

A CASE Tool Evaluation and Selection Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Guha Biswas ◽  
Raveesh Tandon ◽  
Anurika Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Learning Curves ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Case Tools ◽  
Case Tool ◽  
Tool Evaluation ◽  
Score Card ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Methodology ◽  
Selection Of

CASE Tools have been considered as the most advanced technique to derive quality products. The cost associated with CASE tools is generally high due to their steep learning curves and is a matter of concern for software engineering houses. This makes it imperative that the right set of CASE tools are evaluated and selected for a particular set of tasks. This research paper proposes a methodology for the purpose of comparison and selection of various CASE tools available in the market. The proposed methodology allows its users to easily identify and select the best CASE tool suited to their purpose. The paper proposes a matrix based model, mapped across parameters and their attributes that produces an optimised score card that supports the decision making process.

A new cost-performance grid to compare different flood modelling approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouya Hdeib ◽  
Roger Moussa ◽  
François Colin ◽  
Chadi Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Curve ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The wise selection of modeling approaches with an appropriate level of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. In this paper, the structure of a cost-performance grid designed for flood modeling is presented. The grid is developed to compare different flood modeling approaches of variable complexity and to guide on the proper selection of the couple data-model. The methodology involves defining metrics to quantify the three variables: data costs, model costs, and performance. Preliminarily, eighteen flood modeling applications in literature were arbitrarily selected and analyzed to guide on the implementation of the grid. The cost-performance diagram allows tracing a cost-performance curve and grouping applications in 4 zones corresponding to 4 modeling approaches (empirical and geomorphic, hydrological, hydraulic, and coupling). The grid is a tool to support the comparison, classification, and future selection of cost-effective modeling approaches. It is flexible and can be extrapolated to other modeling objectives.</p>

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF SUPPLIER AND ORDER QUANTITY OF RAW MATERIAL USING AHP METHOD AND LINEAR PROGRAMMING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
M Fakhruddin Alfaris M Fakhruddin Alfaris ◽  
M Qurtubi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Companies must choose suppliers properly, because the selection of the right supplier can reduce raw material costs and increase the competitiveness of the company, while improper supplier selection can cause financial and operating problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal supplier and order quantity of raw materials. As for the object of the research is a multipurpose technology machinery company. Data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Supplier data is processed using the AHP method to determine the right supplier, while the linear programming method is used to determine the order quantity of the raw material. Based on the calculation, the DS supplier gets a weight of 0.65 and the LG supplier gets a weight of 0.35. The optimal order quantity from each supplier is 7.5 tons for DS and 7.5 tons suppliers for LG suppliers. From the results of the optimization, the cost reduction figure is Rp. 3,750,000 or 3% of the total cost of purchase.

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