Facts and myths about antibiotic therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Bartosz J. Sapilak
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regular Intake ◽  
Selection Of

Resistance to antibiotics is becoming a serious clinical problem. It increases the cost of treatment and is the reason for the failure of therapy. It cannot be eliminated, but the principles of prevention must be respected. First, do not prescribe chemotherapeutics in the therapy of viral infections and symptomatic treatment, after the second care to the selection of a sufficiently high dose, recommend regular intake of the drug and do not shorten the time of therapy. It is also important to choose the right active substance, which should be conditioned by the expected sensitivity of bacteria, the localization of inflammation and the age of the patient. Do not forget about the accompanying therapy, including the ordination of the probiotic and antifungal protection.

The Evaluation of Surface Quality for Particular Parts of Forging Die

2015 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Peter Ižol ◽  
Jozef Beňo
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Production Effectiveness ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Forging Die ◽  
Selection Of

Forming dies are often costly for producers and the cost amount is influenced by production process too. If the die is manufactured by machining, proper strategies would necessary to consider as well. The right selection of adequate strategy helps production times shortening, tool wear reducing and those affect production effectiveness. Used strategies and its parameters are often compromise between acceptable surface quality and variations in shape aside, and production time on the other side. The paper presents the way of evaluation of milling strategy based on selected elements of forming die. This allows choosing the adequate strategy for particular shapes of die and also to evaluate them by the reached surface quality. Presented approach is verified by machining forging die cavity for production of connecting rod.

Activity-Based Costing System for a Small Manufacturing Company

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Januszewski
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
False Information ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Costing System ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the right cost calculation method is of critical importance when it comes to determining the real product profitability (as well as clients and other calculation objects). Traditional cost calculation methods often provide false information. The literature offers many examples of big companies that have given up traditional methods and applied a new method: activity-based costing (ABC). They discovered that many products that are manufactured generate losses and not profits. Managers, based on incorrect calculations, mistakenly believed in the profitability of each product. Turney (1991) reports on an example of an American manufacturer of over 4,000 different integrated circuits. The cost calculation with the allocation of direct production costs as machinery-hour markup demonstrated a profit margin of over 26% for each product. Implementing ABC showed that the production of more than half of the products was not profitable, and having factored in additional sales and management costs (which accounted for about 40% of the total costs), it was as much as over 75%.

The Optimization of Mechanized Earthwork Processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Paulovičová
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Multicriteria Method ◽  
Wise Decision ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Earthwork processes are the most costly and time consuming component of construction these days and they are characterized by a powerful heavy mechanization which participate on the earthwork process. Current pressure for minimize the cost and maximize the productivity highlights the need to optimize earthworks. In this paper, the optimization process in the area of earthwork processes is described. The selection of the right types of machines for earthwork and its implements has become very difficult these days because of availability of variety of machines models and therefore a multicriteria method is presented to tackle the problem. This paper describes methodology for optimizing the earthwork process according to the selected optimal criteria. The methodology is focused on the proposal phase of optimization where the decision maker has to make a decision and choose the right type of excavators. To overcome the problem of comparing the chosen machines a mathematical modeling approach leading to multicriteria optimization was adopted to make the step wise decision. The methodology gives an mathematical models by which we can solve this problem.

Antibiotic therapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Paź ◽  
Magdalena Arimowicz
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

An estimated 50% of antibiotic prescriptions may be unjustified in the outpatient setting. Viruses are responsible for most acute respiratory tract infections. The viral infections are often self-limiting and only symptomatic treatment remains effective. Bacteria are involved in a small percentage of infections etiology in this area. In the case of a justified or documented suspicion of a bacterial infection, antibiotic therapy may be indicated. Based on the Polish „Recommendations for the management of non-hospital respiratory infections 2016”, the indications, the rules of choice, the appropriate dosing schedules and the therapy duration, in the most frequent upper respiratory tract infections in adults, have been presented. Implementation of the presented recommendations regarding our Polish epidemiological situation, will significantly reduce the tendency to abuse antibiotics, and thus will limit the spread of drug-resistant microorganisms.

scholarly journals Role of high dose IV vitamin C and zinc in coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arooj Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Usman Ali Khan ◽  
Mehkaar Najeeb ◽  
Muhammad Yasoob Ali Khan ◽  
Faiz Ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Common ◽  
Taste And Smell

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome- related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2), is now considered as an ongoing global pandemic. Common symptoms include pyrexia, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, sore throat, and loss of sense of taste and smell. Complications that can result from more severe insult on lung tissue is pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can further lead to septic shock. It is also not uncommon to find neurological symptoms in patients suffering from COVID-19. The primary treatment for COVID-19 is symptomatic treatment and supportive care. As there is no known vaccination and antiviral therapy for this disease, there is a desperate need to find an alternative to control and stop the spread of disease. Maintaining adequate micronutrient balance might enhance the immunity and protect from viral infections as well. Vitamin C and zinc helps in improving symptoms and shortening the duration of the common cold. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) possesses pleiotropic physiological activity. High dose Vitamin C has shown to be effective against the common flu, rhinovirus, avian virus, chikungunya, Zika, ARDS, and influenza, and there is evidence that supports the protective effect of high dose IV vitamin C during sepsis-induced ARDS due to COVID-19. Zinc has a profound impact on the replication of viruses. Increasing intracellular zinc concentration along with pyrithione (zinc ionophore) has been shown to impair the replication of several RNA viruses efficiently, including poliovirus, influenza virus and several picornaviruses. A combination of zinc and can also inhibit the replication of SARS-coronavirus in cell culture.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Cost of Treatment among Patients with Lymphedema in Philippine Heart Center from 2018-2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Bryan Rene F. Toledano ◽  
Catherine V. Sta Monica ◽  
Gertie May B. Plameras
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Primary Lymphedema ◽  
Heart Center ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

PURPOSE This is a local study conducted that describes the clinical profile and cost incurred of patients with lymphedema among Filipinos seen in our institution. METHODS A descriptive study using the data from the Philippine Heart Center Lymphedema clinic from 2018-2020. It consists of the patient’s name, age, sex, lymphedema onset, classification, type, stage, affected site, treatment modality, and the number of sessions. The cost incurred was based on the clinic’s costing list, treatment modality, and the number of sessions rendered. RESULTS The analysis included a total of 97 patients. The mean age was 60.3 (± 14.3) years old, with female predominance (74.2% versus 25.8%). The majority is classified as secondary (91.8%) versus primary (8.2%). The classification of primary lymphedema are praecox (62.5%), congenital (25%) and tarda (12.5%) while for secondary it is cancer related (53.9%), phlebolymphedema (34.8%), lipolymphedema (3.4%), obesity induced 3.4%, trauma related, infection (3.4%) and iatrogenic (1.1). The stage of severity is stage IIA (60.8%), III (17.6%), IIB (13.4%), and I (8.2%). The most affected site is bilateral lower extremities (30%), followed by left (18.5%) and right (17.5%) lower extremities. The right and left upper extremities showed equal (16.5%) with no bilateral upper extremities affectation. The majority of treatment is unilateral (68.8%) versus bilateral (31.2%) decompressive lymphatic therapy. The total cost incurred was an average of P17,753 per patient and mostly came from the private section (89.7%) versus (10.3%). CONCLUSION Lymphedema is a chronic and recurrent disease that carries a substantial cost to patients. Its exact incidence, treatment outcomes, and quality of life among Filipinos are yet to be explored. A clinical profile will be the first step to raise awareness and to identify the different subset of populations for prevention, support, and treatment. Keywords Clinical profile, Cost of treatment, Lymphedema

Understanding the Impact of Brine Hardness on Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Surfactants Performance: A Data Journey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Company ◽  
Sabrina Hocine ◽  
Baptiste Pousset ◽  
Mikel Morvan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Internal Olefin ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Brine composition is one of the key parameters in the design of a surfactant based oil recovery process and is a condition imposed by the reservoir nature. This brine can contain a large variety of ions including monovalent and divalent cations (hardness), which impacts the surfactants solubility. Moreover, hardness evolution during the injection process can also impair surfactant formulations’ performances. Water treatment processes are useful ways to mitigate such risks, but they imply higher CAPEX for the process. As a consequence, the selection of the right surfactant will have a large impact on the cost and on crude oil production. This paper describes solution properties of the most common surfactants used in surfactant flooding i.e. Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates (ABS) and Internal Olefin Sulfonates (IOS) as a function of the brine hardness and will be compared with Internal Ketone Sulfonates (IKS), a new bio-based surfactant family.

A CASE Tool Evaluation and Selection Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Guha Biswas ◽  
Raveesh Tandon ◽  
Anurika Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Learning Curves ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Case Tools ◽  
Case Tool ◽  
Tool Evaluation ◽  
Score Card ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Methodology ◽  
Selection Of

CASE Tools have been considered as the most advanced technique to derive quality products. The cost associated with CASE tools is generally high due to their steep learning curves and is a matter of concern for software engineering houses. This makes it imperative that the right set of CASE tools are evaluated and selected for a particular set of tasks. This research paper proposes a methodology for the purpose of comparison and selection of various CASE tools available in the market. The proposed methodology allows its users to easily identify and select the best CASE tool suited to their purpose. The paper proposes a matrix based model, mapped across parameters and their attributes that produces an optimised score card that supports the decision making process.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF SUPPLIER AND ORDER QUANTITY OF RAW MATERIAL USING AHP METHOD AND LINEAR PROGRAMMING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
M Fakhruddin Alfaris M Fakhruddin Alfaris ◽  
M Qurtubi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Companies must choose suppliers properly, because the selection of the right supplier can reduce raw material costs and increase the competitiveness of the company, while improper supplier selection can cause financial and operating problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal supplier and order quantity of raw materials. As for the object of the research is a multipurpose technology machinery company. Data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Supplier data is processed using the AHP method to determine the right supplier, while the linear programming method is used to determine the order quantity of the raw material. Based on the calculation, the DS supplier gets a weight of 0.65 and the LG supplier gets a weight of 0.35. The optimal order quantity from each supplier is 7.5 tons for DS and 7.5 tons suppliers for LG suppliers. From the results of the optimization, the cost reduction figure is Rp. 3,750,000 or 3% of the total cost of purchase.

The features of antibacterial therapy in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Yurievna Kulagina ◽  
Albina Ayratovna Zvegintseva ◽  
Alina Garafutdinovna Zamalutdinova ◽  
Maksim Leonidovich Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Viral Respiratory

At present, the use of antibacterial drugs is one of the most frequently recommended methods of treating a large number of infectious diseases. However, in clinical practice, excessive use of antibiotics, unreasonable antibiotic therapy, and inappropriate combinations are quite common, which creates the risk of unwanted side effects, increases the cost of treatment and leads to an increase in microorganism resistance. That is why, in modern medicine, the problem of rational antibiotic therapy, i.e. the adequate use of antibacterial drugs, compliance with strict indications for their use, certain schemes and principles of use, and the creation of protocols for antibiotic therapy in pediatric practice, remains relevant. Antibacterial drugs should be prescribed for inflammatory diseases of bacterial etiology and for perioperative prophylaxis. Antibiotics should not be used in the treatment of uncomplicated acute viral respiratory diseases, since they do not have an antiviral effect, do not reduce fever, and do not prevent the development of bacterial complications. The purpose of this work is to form a methodological approach to the use of antibacterial drugs in pediatrics based on existing Russian recommendations.

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