Development and Testing of a Small Scale Bladeless Turbine for Power Production Applications

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alton Reich ◽  
Stelu Deaconu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Program ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Unit ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
Set Up

Bladeless turbines were first proposed and demonstrated almost 100 years ago, but they have not found widespread application. They have the potential for converting flow energy into rotational energy at high efficiencies. This paper discusses an effort to understand the factors affecting bladeless turbine efficiency, and the related experimental program performed. A theoretical model of turbine performance was developed and used to predict the performance of a small scale test unit. The model inputs include geometric parameters and inlet conditions including pressure and flow rate. The test unit was designed and assembled. Rapid prototyping techniques were used to facilitate part fabrication. It was coupled to an experimental set up including appropriate instrumentation. A comparison of model predictions and test results is presented.

Evaluation of Wearing Pipe for Subsea Mining With Large Particles in Slurry Transportation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Takano ◽  
Masao Ono ◽  
Sotaro Masanobu
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Maximum Particle ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Set Up

For a fundamental understanding of pipe wear under hydraulic transportation of deep-sea mining, a small scale test is conducted because there are many restrictions in conducting a full scale test. The small scale test apparatus are set up using the pipes of about 80mm in diameter and the rocks of which maximum particle diameters are about 20mm are used. In the test, the pipe materials and the pipe inclination are changed to evaluate the differential of the amount of pipe material loss. Furthermore, the amount of the pipe material loss in full scale is estimated based on the small scale test results.

Preparation for a New Experimental Program Addressing Core-Material-Relocation Behavior During Severe Accident With BWR Design Conditions: Conduction of Preparatory Tests Applying Non-Transfer-Type Plasma Heating Technology

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Abe ◽  
Ikken Sato ◽  
Akihiro Ishimi ◽  
Toshio Nakagiri ◽  
Yuji Nagae
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Plasma Heating ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Heating Technology

A new experimental program using non-transfer type plasma heating is under consideration in JAEA to clarify the uncertainty on core-material relocation (CMR) behavior of BWR. In order to confirm the applicability of this new technology, authors performed preparatory plasma heating tests using small-scale test pieces (107 mm × 107 mm × 222 mmh). Based on these preliminary results, an excellent perspective in terms of applicability of the non-transfer plasma heating technology to the SA (Severe Accident) experimental study was obtained. Furthermore, JAEA is preparing for the next step intermediate-scale preparatory tests in 2016 using about 50 rods and a control blade that would not only confirm its technical applicability, but also some insights relevant to the issue on CMR itself.

Study of Multiaspect and Multistatic Sonar Systems Using a Small-Scale Test Bed

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon La Follett ◽  
John Stroud ◽  
Pat Malvoso ◽  
Joseph Lopes ◽  
Raymond Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Sonar Systems ◽  
Scale Test

scholarly journals Modification of a Solar Thermal Collector to Promote Heat Transfer inside an Evacuated Tube Solar Thermal Absorber

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4100
Author(s):  
Rasa Supankanok ◽  
Sukanpirom Sriwong ◽  
Phisan Ponpo ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Walairat Chandra-ambhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Evacuated Tube ◽  
Heating Medium

Evacuated-tube solar collector (ETSC) is developed to achieve high heating medium temperature. Heat transfer fluid contained inside a copper heat pipe directly affects the heating medium temperature. A 10 mol% of ethylene-glycol in water is the heat transfer fluid in this system. The purpose of this study is to modify inner structure of the evacuated tube for promoting heat transfer through aluminum fin to the copper heat pipe by inserting stainless-steel scrubbers in the evacuated tube to increase heat conduction surface area. The experiment is set up to measure the temperature of heat transfer fluid at a heat pipe tip which is a heat exchange area between heat transfer fluid and heating medium. The vapor/ liquid equilibrium (VLE) theory is applied to investigate phase change behavior of the heat transfer fluid. Mathematical model validated with 6 experimental results is set up to investigate the performance of ETSC system and evaluate the feasibility of applying the modified ETSC in small-scale industries. The results indicate that the average temperature of heat transfer fluid in a modified tube increased to 160.32 °C which is higher than a standard tube by approximately 22 °C leading to the increase in its efficiency by 34.96%.

scholarly journals A Novel Niosome-Encapsulated Essential Oil Formulation to Prevent Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize Grains During Storage

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
García-Díaz ◽  
Patiño ◽  
Vázquez ◽  
Gil-Serna
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Oil Formulation ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Encapsulation Method

Aflatoxin (AF) contamination of maize is a major concern for food safety. The use of chemical fungicides is controversial, and it is necessary to develop new effective methods to control Aspergillus flavus growth and, therefore, to avoid the presence of AFs in grains. In this work, we tested in vitro the effect of six essential oils (EOs) extracted from aromatic plants. We selected those from Satureja montana and Origanum virens because they show high levels of antifungal and antitoxigenic activity at low concentrations against A. flavus. EOs are highly volatile compounds and we have developed a new niosome-based encapsulation method to extend their shelf life and activity. These new formulations have been successfully applied to reduce fungal growth and AF accumulation in maize grains in a small-scale test, as well as placing the maize into polypropylene woven bags to simulate common storage conditions. In this latter case, the antifungal properties lasted up to 75 days after the first application.

scholarly journals Experimental and analytical study of seismic site response of discontinuous permafrost

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrang Dadfar ◽  
M. Hesham El Naggar ◽  
Miroslav Nastev
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Site Response ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Seismic Site Response ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Spectral Accelerations

Seismic site response of discontinuous permafrost is discussed. The presence of frozen ground in soil deposits can significantly affect their dynamic response due to stiffer conditions characterized by higher shear-wave velocities compared to unfrozen soils. Both experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to examine the problem. The experimental program included a series of 1g shaking table tests on small-scale models. Nonlinear numerical analyses were performed employing FLAC software. The numerical model was verified using the obtained experimental results. Parametric simulations were then conducted using the verified model to study variations of the free-field spectral accelerations (on top of the frozen and unfrozen soil blocks) with the scheme of frozen–unfrozen soil, and to determine the key parameters and their effects on seismic site response. Results show that spectral accelerations were generally higher in frozen soils than in unfrozen ones. It was found that the shear-wave velocity of the frozen soil as well as the assumed geometry of the blocks and their spacing have a significant impact on the site response.

Ticket Income Distribution of Urban Rail Transit in Network Operating Condition

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4375-4380
Author(s):  
Yuan Chun Huang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Haize Pan
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Urban Rail Transit Network ◽  
Factor Matching

Through analyzing the factors affecting passengers’ path-choice, the corresponding principles and rules of the ticket income distribution are put forward and the new model of the Urban Rail Transit Network in Beijing is set up in the paper. Through the deformation of the urban rail transit and the simplification of the lines, the topology of the urban rail transit lines is abstracted into an undirected connection graph. Breadth-priority optimization algorithm is applied to search the effective paths between the OD and the flow-matching ratio is acquired by calculating based on multi-factor matching algorithm, in which many relevant numerical examples are analyzed to verify the feasibility of the dual-ratio method and to summarize the characteristics of the project.

SUBMERGED CITRIC ACID FERMENTATION OF SUGAR BEET MOLASSES: INCREASE IN SCALE

1955 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Steel ◽  
C. P. Lentz ◽  
S. M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Inoculum Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Initial Ph

Factors affecting the production of citric acid in the submerged fermentation of ferrocyanide-treated beet molasses by Aspergillus niger were studied in 2.5 and 36 liter fermenters. The small fermenters were used to determine the effects of changes in sterilization technique, phosphate supplement, ferrocyanide treatment, inoculum level, initial pH, fermentation temperature, and aeration rate. The relation between ferrocyanide concentration and inoculum level was also studied. Four different samples of molasses were fermented successfully. An average yield of 8.2% citric acid (64% conversion) was obtained from 51 small-scale fermentations. Comparable yields were obtained in the large fermenters under comparable conditions. Most of the information obtained with the small fermenters was applicable to the larger-scale fermenters, but in the latter the fermentation was significantly more stable. Aeration was the main problem in the scale-up and aeration rates approximately double those calculated on a fermenter cross-sectional area basis were required for comparable results in the large fermenters.

Numerical Study of Methane and Air Combustion Inside Heat-Recirculating Combustors

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxia Li ◽  
Zhongliang Liu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jiaming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Strong Convection ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Lean Fuel ◽  
Set Up

A numerical model on methane/air combustion inside a small Swiss-roll combustor was set up to investigate the flame position of small-scale combustion. The simulation results show that the combustion flame could be maintained in the central area of the combustor only when the speed and equivalence ratio are all within a narrow and specific range. For high inlet velocity, the combustion could be sustained stably even with a very lean fuel and the flame always stayed at the first corner of reactant channel because of the strong convection heat transfer and preheating. For low inlet velocity, small amounts of fuel could combust stably in the central area of the combustor, because heat was appropriately transferred from the gas to the inlet mixture. Whereas, for the low premixed gas flow, only in certain conditions (Φ = 0.8 ～ 1.2 when ν0 = 1.0m/s, Φ = 1.0 when ν0 = 0.5m/s) the small-scale combustion could be maintained.

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