Finite Element and Mechanical Modeling of Fatigue Behavior of Partial Vapor-Conditioned Viscoelastic Material

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossain ◽  
A. S. M. Atiqur Rahim Khan ◽  
Hasan Faisal ◽  
Rafiqul Tarefder
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Potassium Acetate ◽  
Elastic Parameter ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Burgers Model ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions

Past studies have shown that vapor conditioning to 100% Relative Humidity (RH) reduces the fatigue life of viscoelastic materials such as asphalt binder. However, it is not known how partial vapor conditions such as RH 25%, 49%, and 71% affect asphalt binder’s fatigue behavior. In addition, it is unknown which viscoelastic material parameter (i.e. viscus or elastic parameter) is responsible for damage in asphalt binder or Asphalt Concrete (AC) in general and what steps can be taken to reduce fatigue damage. In this study, films of asphalt binders were prepared and partially vapor-conditioned in enclosed chambers containing potassium acetate (25% RH), potassium carbonate (49% RH), and sodium chloride solutions (71% RH). Creep nanoindentation tests were performed on the vapor-conditioned asphalt film samples. The nano-creep test data are fitted using Burgers models. The Burgers model shows that elasticity increases and viscosity decreases as RH% increases. To this end, a Finite Element Method (FEM) model is developed in ABAQUS to examine the fatigue performance of the asphalt binder at 49% vapor-conditioned only. Using the spring and dashpot elements of Burgers model as FEM inputs, simulations are run. Results indicate that an increase in binder viscosity would reduce permanent deformation in the viscoelastic material.

Laboratory Comparison of Permanent Deformation and Fatigue Behavior of Neat, Polymer, and Rubber-Asphalt Binders

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
Felipe F. Camargo ◽  
Kamilla Vasconcelos ◽  
Liedi L. Bernucci
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Fatigue Life Prediction ◽  
Polymer Modification ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Percentage Recovery

Fatigue cracking and rutting are among the major types of distresses to be considered in flexible pavement design. In this context, the choice of the asphalt binder plays a major role in both the fatigue behavior and permanent deformation resistance of the asphalt mixture. This study was conducted to assess the permanent deformation and fatigue behavior of a field-blended rubber-asphalt (CRMA) and compare the results with typical binders used in Brazil. The neat binder used for modification was also employed as a control and as a base for polymer modification (SBSA). The binders were evaluated using the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) for permanent deformation behavior, and the time sweep (TST) and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests for fatigue behavior. Modification of the neat binder resulted in an increase in percentage recovery in the MSCR, whereas the percentage recovery for CRMA was the highest among the three binders at any given temperature. The non-recoverable creep compliance for the CRMA was lower than that exhibited by the neat and SBSA binders for both stress levels for the range of temperatures tested. Binder modification resulted in an improved fatigue behavior compared with the neat binder according to the TST and LAS, whereas rubber modification resulted in the best fatigue behavior. Fatigue life prediction by TST was consistently higher than fatigue life prediction in the LAS test, probably because different criteria were used for determining failure in each test (ranking of the binders remained constant regardless of the criteria used).

Rheological Properties of High Grade Asphalt and its Mixture

2014 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Shan Ye ◽  
Chang Jian Ye ◽  
Zhi Lin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Complex Shear Modulus ◽  
Complex Shear ◽  
Dynamic Modulus Test

Viscosity test, dynamic shear test, dynamic modulus test and creep test were conducted to investigate the rheological properties of high modulus asphalt and its mixture. Test results indicated that the viscosity of hard grade asphalt could be increased when compared with the ordinary asphalt, especially at high temperatures. The complex shear modulus and dynamic modulus of hard-grade asphalt binder and its mixture were increased, which implied that the stiffness of them was enhanced. Furthermore, the elastically portions for viscoelastic property of asphalt binders were increased, which resulted in the reduction of phase angle for hard grade asphalt binders and mixtures. The rutting parameter for hard-grade asphalt mixture was increased remarkably, which revealed that the resistance to permanent deformation could be significantly improved for hard grade asphalt mixture.

scholarly journals Effect of Recycled Shell Waste as a Modifier on the High- and Low-Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10271
Author(s):  
Yuchen Guo ◽  
Xuancang Wang ◽  
Guanyu Ji ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hao Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance

The deteriorating ecological environment and the concept of sustainable development have highlighted the importance of waste reuse. This article investigates the performance changes resulting from the incorporation of shellac into asphalt binders. Seashell powder-modified asphalt was prepared with 5%, 10%, and 15% admixture using the high-speed shear method. The microstructure of the seashell powder was observed by scanning electron microscope test (SEM); the physical-phase analysis of the seashell powder was carried out using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) test; the surface characteristics and pore structure of shellac were analyzed by the specific surface area Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test; and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) qualitatively analyzed the composition and changes of functional groups of seashell powder-modified asphalt. The conventional performance index of seashell powder asphalt was analyzed by penetration, softening point, and ductility (5 °C) tests; the effect of seashell powder on asphalt binder was studied using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) at high and low temperatures, respectively. The results indicate the following: seashell powder is a coarse, porous, and angular CaCO3 bio-material; seashell powder and the asphalt binder represent a stable physical mixture of modified properties; seashell powder improves the consistency, hardness, and high-temperature performance of the asphalt binder but weakens the low-temperature performance of it; seashell powder enhances the elasticity, recovery performance, and permanent deformation resistance of asphalt binders and improves high-temperature rheological properties; finally, seashell powder has a minimal effect on the crack resistance of asphalt binders at very low temperatures. In summary, the use of waste seashells for recycling as bio-modifiers for asphalt binders is a practical approach.

Using Modified Creep and Recovery Tests to Evaluate the Foam-Based Warm Mix Asphalt Contained Nano Hydrated Lime

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboelkasim Diab ◽  
Zhan Ping You ◽  
Hai Nian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Normal Dose ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Recoverable Compliance

Two Nano Hydrated Lime (NHL) materials with particle sizes of 50 nm and 100 nm were used in this study to investigate to the effect of NHL modification on the creep and recovery of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) binders foamed using Advera® with respective to rutting. The NHL was added to the asphalt binder at ratios of 20%, 10%, and 5% by weight of the asphalt binder. The creep and recovery tests were performed at three different stress levels, 3Pa (creep for 100 sec. and 600 sec. recovery), 10Pa (creep for 20 sec. and 600 sec. recovery), and 50Pa (creep for 1 sec and 300 sec. recovery). The tests were performed at a temperature of 58oC. The results were also compared with the Regular Hydrated Lime (RHL) results. The overall results reveal that the neat asphalt binders foamed using advera® showed larger permanent deformation (rutting) potential compared to the binder modified with RHL and NHL foamed using Advera®. As the NHL dose increases, the non-recoverable compliance decreases (rutting decreases). It was also concluded that the application of the RHL with the normal dose (20% by weight of binder) can be replaced by adding 5% (by weight of binder) of 50 nm NHL with respective to rutting.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND STORAGE STABILITY OF GEOPOLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALT BINDER

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim ◽  
Nur Izzi Md. Yusoff ◽  
Norliza Mohd Akhir ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
And Storage

This study was conducted to investigate the physical properties and storage stability of the 80/100 penetration grade asphalt modified with geopolymer. In this research, fly ash and alkali activators, namely sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were used as geopolymer components. The penetration, Ring and Ball softening point, ductility, and viscosity tests were conducted to determine the physical properties of geopolymer modified asphalt (GMA). Five samples of asphalt binders with varying percentages of geopolymer, namely 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9%, by weight of asphalt binder were studied. Results show that geopolymer has good compatibility with asphalt binder. The addition of geopolymer into asphalt binder resulted in improved permanent deformation resistance of the modified binder compared to that of the conventional asphalt. In conclusion, geopolymer could be considered as a potential alternative in the modification of the properties of asphalt binder.

Properties of Pavement Bitumens Assessed Using European and American Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Pavel Coufalik ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Petr Hyzl ◽  
Iva Krcmova
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Unites States ◽  
Key Parameter

This paper compares the different approaches to assessing asphalt binders used in Europe and the Unites States. A series of pavement bitumens is assessed using European standards and also by the Performance Graded Asphalt Binder Specification based on AASHTO MP 1, which was developed as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) in the United States of America. The results show that the European approach places high requirements on the pavement bitumens in relation to their behavior at low-temperatures, while in case of the American approach, the key parameter is fatigue behavior after short-term and long-term aging. It is evident that it is necessary to evaluate properties of pavement bitumens after long-term aging in Europe, too.

Relating Adhesion and Cohesion of Asphalts to the Effect of Moisture on Laboratory Performance of Asphalt Mixtures

2005 ◽  
Vol 1901 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunnawee Kanitpong ◽  
Hussain Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Water Conditioning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Wheel Tracking

Antistripping additives and polymer modifications are two common modifiers used to improve the fundamental properties of asphalt binders as those properties relate to the performance of asphalt mixtures. Adhesion and cohesion are two important related properties of asphalt binders that can affect asphalt mixture performance before and after water conditioning. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of antistripping additives and polymers on the adhesion and cohesion of binders and to relate these effects to the performance of mixtures as measured in the laboratory before and after water conditioning. The performance tests of asphalt mixtures included indirect tensile strength, uniaxial compression permanent deformation, and Hamburg wheel tracking. Asphalt mixtures were produced with different modified binders and with two aggregate types. The binders were modified with antistripping additives and polymers and by chemical treatment and oxidization methods. Granite and limestone were selected as two types of aggregate sources. The results indicate that the performance of asphalt mixtures is highly dependent on modification techniques and water conditioning. The overall performance of polymer-modified mixtures is more desirable than those of unmodified mixtures and of mixtures modified with antistripping additives. Polymers are found to improve rutting performance, adhesion, and cohesion of an asphalt binder. In contrast, the antistripping additive can improve only the adhesion without changing other properties. The results of this study also illustrate that the adhesion and cohesion of an asphalt binder are good indicators of the performance of asphalt mixtures in the laboratory when they are conditioned with water.

scholarly journals On the Viscoelastic Parameters of Gussasphalt Mixture Based on Modified Burgers Model: Deviation and Experimental Verification

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faxiang Xie ◽  
Dengjing Zhang ◽  
Ao Zhou ◽  
Bohai Ji ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Prony Series ◽  
Burgers Model ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Viscoelastic Parameters ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Comparison Results

Viscoelasticity is an important characteristic of gussasphalt mixtures. The aim of this study is to find the correct viscoelastic material parameters of the novel gussasphalt applied in the 4th Yangtze River Bridge based on the modified Burgers model. This study firstly derives the explicit Prony series form of the shear relaxation modulus of viscoelastic material from Laplace transformation, to fulfill the parameter inputting requirements of commonly used finite element software suites. Secondly, a kind of uniaxial penetration creep experiment on the gussasphalt mixtures is conducted. By fitting the creep compliance, the viscoelastic parameters characterized by the modified Burgers model are obtained. And thirdly, based on the viscoelastic test data of asphalt mixtures, the Prony series formula derived in this study is verified through the finite element simulation. The comparison results of the relative errors between the finite element simulation and the theoretical calculation confirm the reliability of the Prony series formulas deduced in this research. And finally, a stress-correcting method is proposed, which can significantly improve the accuracy of model parameters identification and reduce the relative error between the finite element simulation and the experimental data.

scholarly journals Characterization of neat and modified asphalt binders and mixtures in relation to permanent deformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Iuri S. Bessa ◽  
Márcia M. Takahashi ◽  
Kamilla L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Liedi L. B. Bernucci
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Recoverable Compliance ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Deformation Tests

AbstractThe addition of polymers on asphalt binders aims to enhance their performance, especially at high temperatures, which correspond to rutting resistance. The Superpave rutting parameter (|G*|/sinδ) has been considered to be inadequate to characterize the performance of modified materials, therefore the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) test was developed, providing the parameter non-recoverable compliance (Jnr). This research has the main objective of correlating asphalt binders performance-based characterization with rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures, and presents results obtained for one conventional (50/70 penetration grade) and two modified asphalt binders (2.1% RET and 1.9% RET) regarding their rheological characteristics. With the use of the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), master curves and MSCR results were obtained for the three binders. In addition, permanent deformation tests were performed on the asphalt mixtures by means of laboratory traffic simulation. The rutting characterization indicated higher permanent deformation resistance for the modified binders for the asphalt binder and the asphalt mixture testing. The main conclusions were that the use of modified binder reduced in approximately 50% the Jnr values and the rut depth; also, the asphalt binders’ characteristics were able to predict the asphalt mixtures rutting resistance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Susceptibility of Asphalt Binders to Rutting through MSCR Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rong Chang ◽  
Aimin Sha ◽  
Pinxue Zhao ◽  
Songchang Huang ◽  
Cong Qi
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Deformation Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
The Relationship

Using modified asphalt binder is one of the most effective methods to solve the rutting problem of asphalt pavement, but the traditional G ∗ / sin     δ parameter is not enough to characterize the rutting resistance of modified asphalt in field use. In order to accurately evaluate the high temperature performance of asphalt and establish the relationship between the rutting resistance of binder and mixture, two kinds of matrix asphalt and three kinds of modified asphalt were selected for DSR and MSCR tests. G ∗ / sin     δ , nonrecoverable creep compliance Jnr, recovery rate R, and other parameters were used to characterize the permanent deformation resistance of the binder, and the correlation between these parameters and the results of rutting test was analyzed. The results show that Jnr3.2 can accurately characterize the permanent deformation resistance of asphalt, while the stress sensitivity index Jnrdiff is not applicable to all types of modified asphalt. In contrast, Jnrslope can better reflect the stress sensitivity of asphalt, and Jnrslope is significantly correlated with the results of rutting test.

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