Personal Heating/Cooling System Using Peltier

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanie Abdelmessih ◽  
Andre Alvarez ◽  
Joshua Gonzalez ◽  
Timothy Gooch ◽  
Adrian Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Heating System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Biological Warfare ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Abstract Common quibbles in most homes are the temperature setting. Some family members are comfortable with cooler temperature settings, while other family members prefer warmer temperature settings. Not to mention the fragile elderly and some medical situations require different temperature settings for those individuals than the rest of the occupants of the space. The purpose of this article is to outline a research where we created a working prototype of a portable, effective Peltier cooling/heating system. Peltier, or thermoelectric modules, are devices that use the differences in electric voltages to create a difference in temperature between two flat opposite sides of the thin module. The system can easily be switched between the heating and cooling modes. In contrast to compression refrigeration systems it produces a very low level of noise output. Also, the system is portable, small in size, and light weight. Another advantage of using the Peltier system is it does not employ hazardous substances such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons, but uses water. While a system such as this could be beneficial in the day to day comfort of any individual, it could prove vital to the survival of the elderly and medically vulnerable individuals. This heating/cooling system can enhance the performance of military, particularly in biological warfare suites, and law enforcement personnel who find themselves in less than desirable weather conditions. This uniquely designed Peltier system is compact, and lightweight. Cooling/heating through the system would be achieved by the exchange of heat between the user and a custom designed vest. The system is powered by lithium ion battery pack. Details of this unique design are discussed in the article. Also, the testing and results are reported, and discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of the Construction of a Trombe Wall on the Thermal Comfort in a Building Located in Wrocław, Poland

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagoda Błotny ◽  
Magdalena Nemś
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Trombe Wall ◽  
The Impact

Changes in climate, which in recent years have become more and more visible all over the world, have forced scientists to think about technologies that use renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a passive solar heating and cooling system, which is a Trombe wall located on the southern facade of a room measuring 4.2 m × 5.2 m × 2.6 m in Wrocław, Poland. The studies were carried out by conducting a series of numerical simulations in the Ansys Fluent 16.0 environment in order to examine the temperature distribution and air circulation in the room for two representative days during the heating and cooling period, i.e., 16 January and 15 August (for a Typical Meteorological Year). A temperature increase of 1.11 °C and a temperature decrease in the morning and afternoon hours of 2.27 °C was obtained. Two options for optimizing the passive heating system were also considered. The first involved the use of triple glazing filled with argon in order to reduce heat losses to the environment, and for this solution, a temperature level that was higher by 8.50 °C next to the storage layer and an increase in the average room temperature by 1.52 °C were achieved. In turn, the second solution involved changing the wall material from concrete to brick, which resulted in a temperature increase of 0.40 °C next to the storage layer.

Thermal Effects on the Structure and Characteristics of Plasma Sprayed Self-Fluxing Alloys

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bertrand ◽  
C. Malavolta ◽  
F. Tourenne ◽  
B. Hansz ◽  
C. Coddet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Spray ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Cryogenic Cooling ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Mechanical Deformations ◽  
Plasma Sprayed

Abstract In general, thermal spraying involves high temperatures that can be deleterious for the microstructure and deformation of the substrate. As a consequence, the use of a cooling system during spraying is often necessary. Meanwhile, in some cases, a too low surface temperature can induce a loss of properties, in particular concerning adherence and coating density. Therefore, it would be sometimes interesting to combine pre-heating and cooling stages with the plasma spray. A specific process, named HeatCool, was developed and patented to ensure a precise control of the temperature at the spraying location. The present work was focused on the study of the influence of pre-heating and cryogenic cooling conditions on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of NiCrFeBSi self-fluxing alloy deposited by d.c. plasma spray technique. Firstly, a comparison between air and CO2 cooling was conducted to assess the efficiency corresponding to the specific use of cryogenic CO2. The main characteristics studied were the microhardness, roughness, porosity, mechanical deformations, morphology and crystallographic structures. Optimising the cooling methods and conditions combined with the process parameters improved microhardness of the plasma sprayed metal alloy and induced lower strain deformation of the substrate. Secondly, the pre-heating system was added to the device and the HeatCool process was evaluated. The process was demonstrated to be an efficient mean to enhance the structural and mechanical characteristics of coatings made of self-fluxing alloy.

Active Thermal Regulation Systems for Footwear: Development of New Innovative Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
João Ferraz ◽  
Sónia Silva ◽  
Helena Fernandes ◽  
Sarah Bogas ◽  
Bruno Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Regulation ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Peltier Modules ◽  
Technological Challenge ◽  
Printing Techniques

This work aims to develop safety shoes, with thermal regulation systems, namely innovative heating and cooling systems. Heating system was developed using printing techniques; and cooling system was developed using the integration of Peltier modules in the shoe structure. These materials are based on the Peltier effect, in which, when an electric current is applied, the heat moves from one face to the other, being subsequently removed using thermal dissipation methods. This effect allows an active cooling. Given the high technological challenge of integrating cooling systems into footwear, this paper will present only developments related to cooling system.

scholarly journals Energy consumption and modelling of the climate control system in the electric vehicle

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 519-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling Doyle ◽  
Tariq Muneer
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Heating And Cooling

With the introduction of electric vehicles in the automobile market, limited information is available on how the battery’s energy consumption is distributed. This paper focuses on the energy consumption of the vehicle when the heating and cooling system is in operation. On average, 18 and 14% for the battery’s energy capacity is allocated to heating and cooling requirements, respectively. The conventional internal combustion engine vehicle uses waste heat from its engine to provide for passenger thermal requirements at no cost to the vehicle’s propulsion energy demands. However, the electric vehicle cannot avail of this luxury to recycle waste heat. In order to reduce the energy consumed by the climate control system, an analysis of the temperature profile of a vehicle’s cabin space under various weather conditions is required. The present study presents a temperature predicting algorithm to predict temperature under various weather conditions. Previous studies have limited consideration to the fluctuation of solar radiation space heating to a vehicle’s cabin space. This model predicts solar space heating with a mean bias error and root mean square error of 0.26 and 0.57°C, respectively. This temperature predicting model can potentially be developed with further research to predict the energy required by the vehicle’s primary lithium-ion battery to heat and cool the vehicle’s cabin space. Thus, this model may be used in a route planning application to reduce range anxiety when drivers undertake a journey under various ambient weather conditions while optimising the energy consumption of the electric vehicle.

Life Cycle Cost for a Solar Heating and Cooling System

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Hang ◽  
Ming Qu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling

Solar absorption cooling has been an intriguing research subject since 1970. However, it is not widely applied because the first cost of the system is high, the commercial hot water absorption chiller is not mature, the site demonstration and evaluation are not adequate and the price of conventional fossil energy sources is relatively low. This paper investigates the commercialization potentials of solar absorption cooling and solar heating system by comparing the life cycle cost between it and the conventional electrical chiller cooling and gas-fired boiler heating system. A computational model has been programmed in the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) to analyze the economical performances of the two systems applied to a dedicated building. The model considers the cost of capital, installation, operation and maintenance, the discount rate, the fuel prices, and the inflation rates. The result of the model indicated that given the present fuel cost, the solar absorption cooling and heating system is not as economic as the conventional system especially when its size is small. However, according to the sensitivity analysis carried, the solar absorption cooling and heating system could compete with the conventional cooling and heating system when the electricity price and fuel inflation increase.

Solar Façade for a Combined Heating and Cooling System in London

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1409-1415
Author(s):  
Hoy Yen Chan ◽  
Saffa Riffat ◽  
Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Present System ◽  
Total System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Plate Area ◽  
June July ◽  
Simple Economic

A combined heating and cooling system was developed and the system performance was simulated by a mathematical model. This is a building integrated system whereby the facade is used as a solar collector. The system consists of two cavities, i.e. the air is heated throughout the Cavity 1 whereas the air in Cavity 2 is cooled via indirect evaporative cooling. The simulation study used weather conditions of London for a south-facing façade with plate area of 40m2; and followed by a simple economic analysis for the system. Space heating is needed for most of the months, however cooling is more favorable for the months of June, July and August. It is estimated that present system is able to give an annual energy saving of 10,877kWh, which is equivalent to 5,874kgCO2/year of emission avoidance. Moreover, it is cheaper compared to the conventional solar flat plate air heaters. For a discount rate of 5% and 30 years of lifetime, the economic analysis found that the total system cost is approximately £4,952, which gives a payback period for less than a year.

scholarly journals Investigation of parameters affecting the optimum thermal insulation thickness for buildings in hot and cold climates

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2891-2903
Author(s):  
Ahmet Canbolat ◽  
Ali Bademlioglu ◽  
Kenan Saka ◽  
Omer Kaynakli
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Optimum Insulation Thickness

This paper investigates the factors affecting the optimum insulation thickness and its pay-back period, such as heating and cooling energy requirements of building, lifetime, present worth factor, costs of insulation material and installation, costs of energy sources for heating and cooling, heating and cooling system efficiencies, and solar radiation. For this purpose, by considering two cities characterizing the hot and cold climatic conditions, the optimum insulation thickness and its pay-back period have been calculated and a detailed parametric analysis has been carried out. To achieve practical results, the ranges of the parameters considered in the study include the values typically reported in the literature. The variations in the optimum insulation thickness and the pay-back period with all parameters are presented in graphical form. Finally, order of importance and contribution ratios of the examined parameters on the optimum insulation thickness are determined with the help of Taguchi method. It is found that heating degree-days is the most efficient parameter on the optimum insulation thickness with an impact ratio of 27.33% of the total effect while the least efficient parameter is the efficiency of heating system with an impact ratio of 3.21%.

scholarly journals The Proposed Heating and Cooling System in the CH2 Building and Its Impact on Occupant Productivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Aye ◽  
Robert Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Occupant Comfort ◽  
Change Material

Melbourne's climatic conditions demand that its buildings require both heating and cooling systems. In a multi-storey office building , however, cooling requirements will dominate. How the internal space is cooled and ventilation air is delivered will significantly impact on occupant comfort. This paper discusses the heating and cooling systems proposed for the CH2building. The paper critiques the proposed systems against previous experience, both internationally and in Australia. While the heating system employs proven technologies, less established techniques are proposed for the cooling system. Air movement in the shower towers, for example, is to be naturally induced and this has not always been successful elsewhere. Phase change material for storage of "coolth" does not appear to have been demonstrated previously in a commercial building, so the effectiveness of the proposed system is uncertain. A conventional absorption chiller backs up the untried elements of the cooling system, so that ultimately occupant comfort should not be compromised .

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on the Energy and Comfort Performance of nZEB: A Case Study in Italy

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Serena Summa ◽  
Luca Tarabelli ◽  
Giulia Ulpiani ◽  
Costanzo Di Perna
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Adaptive Comfort ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Current Energy

Climate change is posing a variety of challenges in the built realm. Among them is the change in future energy consumption and the potential decay of current energy efficient paradigms. Indeed, today’s near-zero Energy buildings (nZEBs) may lose their virtuosity in the near future. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to evaluate the change in yearly performance between the present situation and future scenarios. Hourly dynamic simulations are performed on a residential nZEB located in Rome, built in compliance with the Italian legislation. We compare the current energy consumption with that expected in 2050, according to the two future projections described in the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Implications for thermal comfort are further investigated by assuming no heating and cooling system, and by tracking the free-floating operative temperature. Compared to the current weather conditions, the results reveal an average temperature increase of 3.4 °C and 3.9 °C under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, estimated through ERA-Interim/UrbClim. This comes at the expense of a 47.8% and 50.3% increase in terms of cooling energy needs, and a 129.5% and 185.8% decrease in terms of heating needs. The annual power consumption experiences an 18% increase under both scenarios due to (i) protracted activation of the air conditioning system and (ii) enhanced peak power requirements. A 6.2% and 5.1% decrease in the hours of adaptive comfort is determined under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5′s 2050 scenarios out of the concerted action of temperature and solar gains. The results for a newly proposed combined index for long-term comfort assessments reveal a milder future penalty, owing to less pronounced excursions and milder daily temperature swings.

MODELING AND FABRICATION OF A KINETIC SOLAR ENERGY-ABSORBING WINDOW AS A GREEN IDEA FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE BUILDINGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Valinejadshoubi ◽  
Mannan Ghanizadehgrayli ◽  
Sahar Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Double Skin

INTRODUCTION Renewable versus nonrenewable energy sources and their respective environmental impacts have emerged as preeminent industrial, as well as environmental concerns. Negotiation between policies that promote economic development with those promoting conservationism has yielded promising opportunities for the future. These opportunities engage frameworks focused on economic directives while simultaneously considering the need for environmental directives. Buildings present a unique opportunity for sustainability as they represent the largest proportion of consumed energy, relative to other consumers reliant on the energy grid system. The largest source of energy expenditure in a modern building is through the heating and cooling system which facilitates and maintains a comfortable living temperature. By effectively implementing innovative approaches focused on energy preservation and overall reduction of consumption, it is possible to meet emission reduction goals and mitigate other adverse environmental conditions. Windows play a vital role in energy consumption and overall maintenance of a comfortable temperature. Understandably, the construction and fabrication of windows are the primary means through which optimized temperatures are achieved. This occurs not only through heat and energy transference but also by providing a protective differential between the inside of the building and the harsh weather conditions of the outdoors. As such, appropriate widow design strategies not only enhance comfort but reduce overall energy consumption. This study seeks to evaluate double-skin windows in order to offer a solution to excessive energy consumption. The windows work by generating a natural ventilation system in summer and then by producing hot air in winter for year-round comfort that is economical. Since current double-skin windows fail to effectively provide ventilation during warm seasons, a kinetic double-skin window was proposed to address this problem and optimize the heating and cooling functions of the building. The results of this research are applicable to modern construction and can be implemented into current design structures.

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