Experimental Study on New Wave Measurement Using Passive Underwater Acoustics

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Dingyong Yu ◽  
Huaxing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wave Measurement ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Mean Wave Period ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
User Friendly

The passive acoustic-based wave measurement via hydrophones is presented in this paper. It has the potential to measure non-intrusively, implement with low cost and with higher resolution. Details of experiments, real-time data recording and processing are described respectively. Particularly, the portable data acquisition system based on virtual instrument technique is designed to make the in situ measurement convenient and user-friendly. Special emphasis is put on FFT filtering technique to band pass the signal fast and efficiently. The key wave parameters, i.e. the mean wave period and the significant wave height, can be obtained from the comparatively safe and stable underwater by means of submerged hydrophones. Considering the pressure sensor has been widely used in the ocean wave measurement, it is deployed simultaneously to test the feasibility of the new system. The result shows that the present measuring system can give satisfactory measurement of significant wave heights and average wave periods in shallow water despite of the little deviation.

Assessing Climate Change in the North Atlantic Wave Regimes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bernardino ◽  
M. Gonçalves ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Mean Wave Period

Abstract An improved understanding of the present and future marine climatology is necessary for numerous activities, such as operation of offshore structures, optimization of ship routes and the evaluation of wave energy resources. To produce global wave information, the WW3 wave model was forced with wind and ice-cover data from an RCP8.5 EC-Earth system integration for two 30-year time slices. The first covering the periods from 1980 to 2009 represents the present climate and the second, covering the periods from 2070–2099, represents the climate in the end of the 21st century. Descriptive statistics of wind and wave parameters are obtained for different 30-year time slices. Regarding wind, magnitude and direction will be used. For wave, significant wave height (of total sea and swell), mean wave period, peak period, mean wave direction and energy will be investigated. Changes from present to future climate are evaluated, regarding both mean and extreme events. Maps of the theses statistics are presented. The long-term monthly joint distribution of significant wave heights and peak periods is generated. Changes from present to future climate are assessed, comparing the statistics between time slices.

scholarly journals INCREASING ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES PERFORMANCE USING NEURAL NETWORKS

2014 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
O. Postolache ◽  
P. Girao ◽  
M. Pereira ◽  
Helena Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Data Acquisition Board ◽  
Input Multiple Output

This paper reports the implementation of a neural processing structure as a component of an intelligent measuring system that uses ion selective electrodes (ISEs) as sensing elements of heavy metal ions (Pb+2, Cd+2) concentration. The neural network (NN), designed and implemented to reduce errors due to ion interference and to pH and temperature variations, is of the multiple-input multiple-output Multilayer Percepton (MLP-NN) type. The NN is a component of a virtual instrument that includes a PC laptop, a PCMCI data acquisition board with associated conditioning circuits and the specific ISE sensors. A practical approach concerning the optimal neural processing solution (number of NN structures, number of neurons, neuron transfer functions) to increase the performance of low cost ISEs is presented. Results are presented to evaluate the performance of the NN intelligent ISE system and to discuss the possibility of transferring the acquisition and processing task to a low cost acquisition and control unit such as a microcontroller.

scholarly journals Extreme Gravity Waves In The Arabian Gulf

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Neelamani ◽  
K. Al-Salem ◽  
K. Rakha
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Wave Period ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Mean Wave Period ◽  
Significant Wave Heights

The extreme significant wave heights and the corresponding mean wave periods were predicted for return periods of 12, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years for 38 different locations in the territorial and offshore locations of countries surrounding the Arabian Gulf. The input wave data for the study is hindcast waves obtained using a WAM model for a total period of 12 years, (1993 to 2004). The peak over threshold method (with 1.0 m as threshold value), is used for selecting the data for the extreme wave analysis. In general, a Weibull distribution is found to fit the data well compared to the Gumbel distribution for all these locations. From the joint probability of wave height and wave period, a simple polynomial relationship (Tmean = C3 (Hs)C4) is used to obtain the relationship between the significant wave height and mean wave period for all the 38 locations. The value of C3 is found to vary from 3.8 to 4.8 and the value of C4 is found to vary from 0.19 to 0.32. The mean wave period was found to be more sensitive to change in locations within the Gulf and it is less sensitive to change in return periods from 12 years to 200 years. The significant wave heights for 100 year return period varied from 3.0 to 4.5 for water depths of 9 to 16 m, whereas in the offshore sites (depths from 30 to 60 m) it varied from 5.0 to 7.0 m. A large number of coastal projects are in progress in the Arabian Gulf and many new projects are being planned in this region for the future. The results of the present study will be highly useful for optimal design of the ocean structures for these projects. 

Virtual Instrument for Measuring Elastic Modulus of Wood Floor

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1634-1637
Author(s):  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Jian Zhong Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Testing Instrument ◽  
Wood Floor ◽  
Real Time Data

Elastic modulus is one of the most important performance parameters of wood-based material, and plays an important role for predicting and evaluating quality of wood-based material. At present, the traditional problems for measuring elastic modulus of wood-based material are: expensive testing instrument, short precision, low immunity to noise and less ease to connect. This paper presents a new elastic modulus-measuring system based on virtual instrument. The system ensures the following functions: (1) real-time data acquisition, (2) signal processing and analyze, (3) saving the file in the appropriate format, (4) computing dynamic elastic modulus by the natural frequency. The analytical results of our experiments show that it is feasible, reliable and effective to use the proposed instrumentation for measuring elastic modulus of wood-based floor.

Capacitance Automatic Measurement Method of the Thickness of Liquid Film on Plat Form

2008 ◽  
Vol 381-382 ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Shu Xing Xu ◽  
B. Wang ◽  
Yi Zhong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line

The thickness of water film is an important parameter in the field of chemical industry. Water film is formed by the flowing water, which flows through a narrow channel. So it is difficult to use contact gauges to measure the water film because it’s flowing so fast that if it is touched, the thickness will be changed. A low-cost and high precision non-contact measurement method—capacitive sensor is used as the sensor of the thickness of water film, virtual instrument is used to analyze the measurement state. In contrast to the conventional stand-alone instruments, a PC based virtual instrument for the measurement of water film is proposed in this paper. Based on on-line measurement theory, real time voltages should be collected to PC. These voltages will be computed by formulas in Labview and the real time data of thickness will be plotted on the screen. If bad signal got, it will give error alarm. The method of the measurement of water film can save a lot of fees of research and applications, and be easy to apply in other measurement and control fields. The basic principle and working process of capacitive micrometer, denoise method, the method of capacitive calibration, virtual instrument data acquisition system and on-line measurement of water film, will be further discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Monitoring Platform and Visual Interface to Analyse Thermal Comfort in Smart Building Applications Using a Citizen–Scientist Strategy

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Giacomo Chiesa ◽  
Andrea Avignone ◽  
Tommaso Carluccio
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
General System ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Smart Building ◽  
Graphical Interfaces ◽  
Building Culture ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Current Energy

Smart building issues are critical for current energy and comfort managing aspects in built environments. Nevertheless, the diffusion of smart monitoring solutions via user-friendly graphical interfaces is still an ongoing issue subject to the need to diffuse a smart building culture and a low-cost series of solutions. This paper proposes a new low-cost IoT sensor network, exploiting Raspberry Pi and Arduino platforms, for collecting real-time data and evaluating specific thermal comfort indicators (PMV and PPD). The overall architecture was accordingly designed, including the hardware setup, the back-end and the Android user interface. Eventually, three distinct prototyping platforms were deployed for initial testing of the general system, and we analysed the obtained results for different building typologies and seasonal periods, based on collected data and users’ preferences. This work is part of a large educational and citizen science activity.

Tools of Transformation: Appropriate Technology in U.S. Countercultural Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Peter Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Transformation ◽  
Buckminster Fuller ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Second Wave

This essay takes its cue from second-wave ecocriticism and from recent scholarly interest in the “appropriate technology” movement that evolved during the 1960s and 1970s in California and elsewhere. “Appropriate technology” (or AT) refers to a loosely-knit group of writers, engineers and designers active in the years around 1970, and more generally to the counterculture’s promotion, development and application of technologies that were small-scale, low-cost, user-friendly, human-empowering and environmentally sound. Focusing on two roughly contemporary but now largely forgotten American texts Sidney Goldfarb’s lyric poem “Solar-Heated-Rhombic-Dodecahedron” (1969) and Gurney Norman’s novel Divine Right’s Trip (1971)—I consider how “hip” literary writers contributed to eco-technological discourse and argue for the 1960s counterculture’s relevance to present-day ecological concerns. Goldfarb’s and Norman’s texts interest me because they conceptualize iconic 1960s technologies—especially the Buckminster Fuller-inspired geodesic dome and the Volkswagen van—not as inherently alienating machines but as tools of profound individual, social and environmental transformation. Synthesizing antimodernist back-to-nature desires with modernist enthusiasm for (certain kinds of) machinery, these texts adumbrate a humanity- and modernity-centered post-wilderness model of environmentalism that resonates with the dilemmas that we face in our increasingly resource-impoverished, rapidly warming and densely populated world.

scholarly journals The grades and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and weighing sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supakorn Harnsoongnoen ◽  
Nuananong Jaroensuk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Egg Freshness

AbstractThe water displacement and flotation are two of the most accurate and rapid methods for grading and assessing freshness of agricultural products based on density determination. However, these techniques are still not suitable for use in agricultural inspections of products such as eggs that absorb water which can be considered intrusive or destructive and can affect the result of measurements. Here we present a novel proposal for a method of non-destructive, non-invasive, low cost, simple and real—time monitoring of the grading and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and a weighing sensor. This is the first proposal that divides egg freshness into intervals through density measurements. The machine vision system was developed for the measurement of external physical characteristics (length and breadth) of eggs for evaluating their volume. The weighing system was developed for the measurement of the weight of the egg. Egg weight and volume were used to calculate density for grading and egg freshness assessment. The proposed system could measure the weight, volume and density with an accuracy of 99.88%, 98.26% and 99.02%, respectively. The results showed that the weight and freshness of eggs stored at room temperature decreased with storage time. The relationship between density and percentage of freshness was linear for the all sizes of eggs, the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9982, 0.9999, 0.9996, 0.9996 and 0.9994 for classified egg size classified 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. This study shows that egg freshness can be determined through density without using water to test for water displacement or egg flotation which has future potential as a measuring system important for the poultry industry.

scholarly journals Pocket MUSE: an affordable, versatile and high-performance fluorescence microscope using a smartphone

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehe Liu ◽  
Andrew M. Rollins ◽  
Richard M. Levenson ◽  
Farzad Fereidouni ◽  
Michael W. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Optical Module ◽  
Optical Configuration ◽  
User Friendly

AbstractSmartphone microscopes can be useful tools for a broad range of imaging applications. This manuscript demonstrates the first practical implementation of Microscopy with Ultraviolet Surface Excitation (MUSE) in a compact smartphone microscope called Pocket MUSE, resulting in a remarkably effective design. Fabricated with parts from consumer electronics that are readily available at low cost, the small optical module attaches directly over the rear lens in a smartphone. It enables high-quality multichannel fluorescence microscopy with submicron resolution over a 10× equivalent field of view. In addition to the novel optical configuration, Pocket MUSE is compatible with a series of simple, portable, and user-friendly sample preparation strategies that can be directly implemented for various microscopy applications for point-of-care diagnostics, at-home health monitoring, plant biology, STEM education, environmental studies, etc.

scholarly journals Estimation of Significant Wave Heights from ASCAT Scatterometer Data via Deep Learning Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
He Wang ◽  
Jingsong Yang ◽  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
Lin Ren ◽  
Yahao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Significant Wave Height ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wave Heights

Sea state estimation from wide-swath and frequent-revisit scatterometers, which are providing ocean winds in the routine, is an attractive challenge. In this study, state-of-the-art deep learning technology is successfully adopted to develop an algorithm for deriving significant wave height from Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) aboard MetOp-A. By collocating three years (2016–2018) of ASCAT measurements and WaveWatch III sea state hindcasts at a global scale, huge amount data points (>8 million) were employed to train the multi-hidden-layer deep learning model, which has been established to map the inputs of thirteen sea state related ASCAT observables into the wave heights. The ASCAT significant wave height estimates were validated against hindcast dataset independent on training, showing good consistency in terms of root mean square error of 0.5 m under moderate sea condition (1.0–5.0 m). Additionally, reasonable agreement is also found between ASCAT derived wave heights and buoy observations from National Data Buoy Center for the proposed algorithm. Results are further discussed with respect to sea state maturity, radar incidence angle along with the limitations of the model. Our work demonstrates the capability of scatterometers for monitoring sea state, thus would advance the use of scatterometers, which were originally designed for winds, in studies of ocean waves.

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