Hydrodynamic Analysis of Tension Based Tension Leg Platform

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Bhaskara Rao ◽  
R. Panneer Selvam ◽  
Nagan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Economical Design ◽  
Motion Responses ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Response Amplitude Operators ◽  
Water Depths

Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs) are one of the best options for offshore industry in deep waters due to proven motion response characteristics. These are water depth sensitive structures and the motion responses in vertical plane motions (heave, roll and pitch) are critical for a TLP. Tension Based TLP (TBTLP) is a new concept and finds application in much deeper waters. A provision of a tension base at mid-depth results in an economical design of TLP. In fact, the TLP installed at a certain depth without any modifications can be made to be deployed in much deeper water depths by means of a tension base. In this paper, the concept of TBTLP is highlighted and hydrodynamic analysis of the chosen platform has been carried out using ANSYS AQWA package. The motion responses in terms of Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) of TBTLP with one Tension Base in surge, heave and pitch have been obtained and compared with a TLP without a tension base.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations on tension based tension leg platform (TBTLP)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
D. S. Bhaskara Rao ◽  
R. Panneer Selvam ◽  
Nagan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Regular Waves ◽  
Tension Leg Platform ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Heave Motion ◽  
Water Depths

Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs) are one of the reliable structures for offshore industry in deep waters because of its motion characteristics in heave, roll and pitch degrees of freedom. Heave motion is very important in offshore facilities and have to kept as minimum as possible. As the water depth increases TLPs suffers from some limitations and hence has to be modified to cater to deeper waters. One such concept proposed is Tension Based Tension Leg Platform (TBTLP). In this paper, experimental investigations carried out on a scaled model of a Tension Based Tension Leg Platform in regular waves are reported. This is the first ever experiments that was carried out on a scaled model of the new concept. To investigate the effect of Tension Base, experiments were also conducted on the TLP (without Tension Base) in two different water depths. RAOs have been compared for surge and heave dof of TLP and TBTLP. Numerical modeling of the TLP and TBTLP responses using ANSYS AQWA software are included as well for comparisons.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v11i2.17341

Deep Water Current Observations in Lankahuasa Area in the Mexican Gulf of Mexico

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Garcia Govea ◽  
Juan Jose´ Corte´s Romero ◽  
O. Valle Molina
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Water Depths

In preparation for the near future deep-water exploitation in the Mexican oil industry, the Mexican Petroleum Institute and Pemex carried out the first oceanographic sub-surface mooring installation in deep waters, in Lankahuasa area in 1500 m water depth. The aim of this project is to supply the necessary water column information for planning, installation, development and production activities for the Mexican offshore industry. Parameters measured include, current velocities, current direction, internal waves as well as traditional water quality measurements. Profiles of conductivity, temperature and Depth (CTD) from 100 m up to 2,500 m water depths were obtained from cruises where samples were taken over a wide area during January and February 2005. Salinity and density are calculated from CTD data. Oceanographical parameters were measured by 3 ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profile) and by 2 current meters in the entire water column. The oceanographic situation during the deployment was characterized by the presence of an anticyclonic (clockwise rotating) eddy and a cyclonic one in the area, located to the north of 21° N. Both eddies were slowly propagating in a general southward direction.

Hydrodynamic Analysis of Multiple Floating Pontoons With Different Joint Gaps to Waves in Different Water Depth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xujun Chen ◽  
Yuji Miao ◽  
Xuefeng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Hydrodynamic Properties ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
Oblique Waves ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Floating Bridge ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Response Amplitude Operators

The hydrodynamic analysis of a multiple pontoon-type floating bridge (FB) interacting with oblique waves in water of finite arbitrary depth can be performed, at least in principle, using a general-purpose radiation-diffraction code. The fluid is assumed to be inviscid, and the flow can be considered as incompressible and irrotational, and the velocity potentials are calculated by boundary element method. To study the influences of the water depth and the gap between bodies on the hydrodynamic properties of the pontoons, RAOs (Response Amplitude Operators) of modes of each pontoon versus the wave frequencies are calculated and presented. The results show that the RAOs of pitch modes of different pontoons have differences in high frequency in heading waves, and those RAOs differences of heave of different pontoons in heading and oblique waves are small. Furthermore, all the others results nearly match into one. The influences of width of the gap between pontoons to RAOs are small, but the water depth has obvious influence on RAOs. In addition, the motions of FB are simulated and compared in different sea conditions which are represented by the JONSWAP spectrum. The results show that not only the peak wave periods but also the significant wave heights have obvious influences on the motions of the FB.

scholarly journals Microplastic contamination of the drilling bivalve Hiatella arctica in Arctic rhodolith beds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Teichert ◽  
Martin G. J. Löder ◽  
Ines Pyko ◽  
Marlene Mordek ◽  
Christian Schulbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Bivalve Species ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Hiatella Arctica ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Water Depths

AbstractThere is an increasing number of studies reporting microplastic (MP) contamination in the Arctic environment. We analysed MP abundance in samples from a marine Arctic ecosystem that has not been investigated in this context and that features a high biodiversity: hollow rhodoliths gouged by the bivalve Hiatella arctica. This bivalve is a filter feeder that potentially accumulates MPs and may therefore reflect MP contamination of the rhodolith ecosystem at northern Svalbard. Our analyses revealed that 100% of the examined specimens were contaminated with MP, ranging between one and 184 MP particles per bivalve in samples from two water depths. Polymer composition and abundance differed strongly between both water depths: samples from 40 m water depth showed a generally higher concentration of MPs and were clearly dominated by polystyrene, samples from 27 m water depth were more balanced in composition, mainly consisting of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene. Long-term consequences of MP contamination in the investigated bivalve species and for the rhodolith bed ecosystem are yet unclear. However, the uptake of MPs may potentially impact H. arctica and consequently its functioning as ecosystem engineers in Arctic rhodolith beds.

scholarly journals Production and water yield of cauliflower under irrigation depths and nitrogen doses

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Reginaldo M. de Oliveira ◽  
Rubens A. de Oliveira ◽  
Sanzio M. Vidigal ◽  
Ednaldo M. de Oliveira ◽  
Lorença B. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Cauliflower is a brassica produced and consumed in Brazil, whose cultivation depends on the adequate supply of water and nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths and nitrogen doses on the production components and water yield of cauliflower hybrid Barcelona CMS. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water depths (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 75, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a split-plot arrangement. The effects of these factors were evaluated using the response surface methodology. The water yield of the crop decreases with increasing irrigation water depth; therefore, the yield is higher when water replenishment is lower than the recommended. The highest estimated total inflorescence yield is 24,547.80 kg ha-1, with a inflorescence mean diameter of 19.60 cm, a inflorescence mean height of 12.25 cm, and an inflorescence fresh weight of 858.90 g plant-1, obtained with an irrigation water depth equivalent to 132.09% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. The highest inflorescence diameter and height are obtained with an irrigation depth equivalent to 128.70 and 108.20% of ETc, respectively, and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. Therefore, the best productivity response of the Barcelona CMS cauliflower hybrid can be obtained using an irrigation depth greater than the crop evapotranspiration, regardless of the nitrogen doses.

Asymmetric FPSO Roll Response due to the Influence of Lines Arrangement

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Donato Ferreira ◽  
Mauro Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Rafaella Cristina Carvalho ◽  
Sergio Hamilton Sphaier
Keyword(s):  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Impulse Response Functions ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Explicit Integration ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Campos Basin ◽  
Motion Responses ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Ship Hydrodynamic

In the development of the mooring design of FPSOs in spread mooring system (SMS) configuration, it was observed that the utilization of asymmetric riser arrangement in deep waters might lead to an asymmetrical roll response of the FPSO. In particular, concentrating all riser connections on the portside, it could be observed that roll and heave coupling under the influence of the riser dynamics might lead to a much lower roll response associated with waves coming from portside than from the starboard direction. Simulations were carried using an in-house time domain simulator, where the ship hydrodynamic behavior was represented through the use of impulse response functions and the lines dynamic through the use of non-linear finite element method, using an explicit integration scheme and a lumped mass approach. Non-linear viscous effects could be easily associated to the ship and line velocities. Measured motion responses of an actual FPSO in operation in Campos Basin are compared with the computations.

Mechanical Qualification of Dynamic Deep Water Power Cable

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Slora ◽  
Stian Karlsen ◽  
Per Arne Osborg
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Power Cable ◽  
Water Power ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Water Depths

There is an increasing demand for subsea electrical power transmission in the oil- and gas industry. Electrical power is mainly required for subsea pumps, compressors and for direct electrical heating of pipelines. The majority of subsea processing equipment is installed at water depths less than 1000 meters. However, projects located offshore Africa, Brazil and in the Gulf of Mexico are reported to be in water depths down to 3000 meters. Hence, Nexans initiated a development programme to qualify a dynamic deep water power cable. The qualification programme was based on DNV-RP-A203. An overall project plan, consisting of feasibility study, concept selection and pre-engineering was outlined as defined in DNV-OSS-401. An armoured three-phase power cable concept assumed suspended from a semi-submersible vessel at 3000 m water depth was selected as qualification basis. As proven cable technology was selected, the overall qualification scope is classified as class 2 according to DNV-RP-A203. Presumed high conductor stress at 3000 m water depth made basis for the identified failure modes. An optimised prototype cable, with the aim of reducing the failure mode risks, was designed based on extensive testing and analyses of various test cables. Analyses confirmed that the prototype cable will withstand the extreme loads and fatigue damage during a service life of 30 years with good margins. The system integrity, consisting of prototype cable and end terminations, was verified by means of tension tests. The electrical integrity was intact after tensioning to 2040 kN, which corresponds to 13 000 m static water depth. A full scale flex test of the prototype cable verified the extreme and fatigue analyses. Hence, the prototype cable is qualified for 3000 m water depth.

Theoretical Prediction of Motions of High-Speed Planing Boats in Waves

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 140-169
Author(s):  
Milton Martin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Response Amplitude Operators ◽  
Phase Angles ◽  
Good Agreement

A theoretical method is derived for predicting the linearized response characteristics of constant deadrise high-speed planing boats in head and following waves. Comparisons of the theoretical predictions of the pitch and heave response amplitude operators and phase angles with existing experimental data show reasonably good agreement for a wide variety of conditions of interest. It appears that nonlinear effects are more severe at a speed to length ratio of 6 than of, say, 4 or less, principally because of the reduction of the damping ratio of the boat with increasing speed, and the consequent increase in motions in the vicinity of the resonant encounter frequency. However, it is concluded that the linear theory can provide a simple and fast means of determining the effect of various parameters such as trim angle, deadrise, loading, and speed on the damping, natural frequency, and linearized response in waves, and that this can furnish valuable insight into the actual boat dynamics, even though the accurate predictions of large motions and peak accelerations would require a nonlinear analysis.

An Experimental Study of Shallow Water Wave Statistics on Mild Bed Slopes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Katsardi ◽  
Chris Swan
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Spectral Bandwidth ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Wave Statistics ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Bed Slope ◽  
Water Depths

This paper describes a new series of laboratory observations, undertaken in a purpose built wave flume, in which a number of scaled simulations of realistic ocean spectra were allowed to evolve over a range of mild bed slopes. The purpose of the study was to examine the distribution of wave heights and its dependence on the local water depth, d, the local bed slope, m, and the nature of the input spectrum; the latter considering variations in the spectral peak period, Tp, the spectral bandwidth and the wave steepness. The results of the study show that for mild bed slopes the statistical distributions of wave heights are effectively independent of both the bed slope and the spectral bandwidth. However, the peak period plays a very significant role in the sense that it alters the effective water depth. Following detailed comparisons with the measured data, the statistical distributions for wave heights in relatively deep water are found to be in reasonable agreement with the Forristall [1] and Glukhovskii [2] distributions. For intermediate water depths, the Battjes & Groenendijk [3] distribution works very well. However, for the shallowest water depths none of the existing distributions provides good agreement with the measured data; all leading to an over-estimate of the largest wave heights.

Forced oscillation experiments

1991 ◽  
Vol 334 (1634) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Forced Oscillations ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Ship Speed

Forced oscillation experiments with scale models are carried out to determine hydrodynamic characteristics of ships, with respect to motions in waves or steering and manoeuvring qualities. Depending on the considered motion components, in a horizontal or vertical plane, various methods are used to induce forced oscillations which are discussed briefly. Some results of forced oscillation experiments are presented as examples of this technique and compared with calculations based on numerical methods. The comparisons include, among others, the effects of ship speed and restricted water depth.

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