Evaluation of LIDAR Track Measurement Systems in Car Body and Truck-Mounted Configurations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Muñoz ◽  
Mehdi Ahmadian ◽  
Michael Craft
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Car Body ◽  
System A ◽  
Curvature Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Measured Speed ◽  
Distance Data ◽  
The Individual

This study presents track alignment and curvature measurement results from a Doppler LIDAR (light detection and ranging) speed measurement system, a non-contact speed and distance measurement system comparable to encoders found on research geometry cars. The system has multiple mounting capabilities with the primary implementations being body-mounted and truck-mounted. Track speed is measured using the individual rails as reference targets, producing two speed signals. Curvature data is obtained from the measured speed differential as the train navigates tangent and curved track. The different dynamic behaviors of the truck and car body influence the motion of the LIDAR system, and thus the results vary depending on the mounting configuration. The curvature, speed, and distance data obtained from the LIDAR system has been compared with results from a geometry car and manual track measurements. The results indicate the LIDAR system has strong potential in serving as a highly precise, non-contact speed, distance, and curvature measurement device suitable for implementation in rail geometry applications.

scholarly journals Real-time monitoring of the rubber belt tension in an industrial conveyor

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Damian Bzinkowski ◽  
◽  
Tomasz Ryba ◽  
Zbigniew Siemiatkowski ◽  
Miroslaw Rucki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Uncertainty Estimation ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Rubber Belt ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Experimental Researches

The paper presents a novel system for monitoring of the work of industrial belt conveyor. It is based on the strain gauges placed directly on the roller surface that measure pressing force of the belt on the roller. Automatical operation of the measurement system minimizes impact of an operator on the measurement results. Experimental researches included the stability of indications during 5 days, Type A uncertainty estimation and equipment variation EV calculations. Expanded uncertainty calculated for the level of confidence 95% was below 0.1% of the actually measured value, and percentage repeatability %EV = 9.5% was obtained. It can be considered satisfactory, since usually it is required %EV < 10% for new measurement systems.

Discussion on the Classification Criteria of Measurement System Level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ting Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
System Level ◽  
Traceability Chain ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Primary Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Definition Of

According to the definition of metrological traceability in ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007(VIM 3)[1], people in the metrology field can know the level of the measurement system in the metrological traceability chain by drawing the metrological traceability diagram on the measurement results. However, if someone want to further determine which level the measurement system belongs to, it should be classified as primary measurement system, secondary measurement system, or even other measurement systems. Because the definitions of terms such as primary measurement system, secondary measurement system and other measurement systems are not included in VIM 3[1], there’s no clear classification basis for the measurement system level. Therefore, this article will discuss the definitions of terms in VIM 3[1] that are more relevant to the classification of measurement system levels, then try to formulate the classification criteria, supplemented by case studies, and hope to serve as a reference for people in the metrology field when reviewing the measurement system and judging its system level.

scholarly journals A New Measurement System for Performance Analysis in Flatwater Sprint Kayaking

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Bonaiuto ◽  
Giorgio Gatta ◽  
Cristian Romagnoli ◽  
Paolo Boatto ◽  
Nunzio Lanotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Stroke Frequency ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
System A ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Synchronous Measurement

The full comprehension of the impact with which each force is involved in kayak propulsion is very difficult. The measure of the force on the paddle or the stroke rate only is often not enough for the coach to identify the best actions useful to improve the performances of a kayaker. To this purpose, the synchronous measurement of all parameters involved in the kayak propulsion, both dynamic (force acting on paddle and foot brace) and kinematic (stroke frequency, displacement, velocity, acceleration, roll, yaw, and pitch of the boat) could suggest to the coach more appropriate strategies for better understanding of the paddler’s motion and the relevant effects on the kayak behavior. Some simulation models, as well as measurement systems of increasing complexity, have been proposed in the recent years. In this paper, we present the e-Kayak system: A multichannel Digital Acquisition (DAQ) system specifically customized for flatwater kayaking. The system will be described in depth and its capability investigated through specific measurement results.

Correction of the Popular Bias Test Method Recommended by ISO/TS16949 for Manufacturing Industries

2014 ◽  
Vol 568-570 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Si Yuan Frank Yang
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Measurement Bias ◽  
Statistical Bias ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Measurement Results

Measurement systems play important roles in producing consistent, high quality products in manufacturing industries. An important requirement for a measurement system is the consistency or stability of its measurement results. The measurement bias needs to be checked periodically in production to decide whether the measurement system needs to be recalibrated timely to maintain the consistency. A very popular conventional method of statistical bias test recommended by ISO/TS16949 for manufacturing industries has been reviewed. Its flaws and problems are pointed out and illustrated with special examples. A new method of engineering bias test and its equivalent accuracy test have been proposed to correct the problems of the conventional statistical bias test.

scholarly journals Real-time monitoring of the rubber belt tension in an industrial conveyor

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Damian Bzinkowski ◽  
◽  
Tomasz Ryba ◽  
Zbigniew Siemiatkowski ◽  
Miroslaw Rucki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Uncertainty Estimation ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Rubber Belt ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Experimental Researches

The paper presents a novel system for monitoring of the work of industrial belt conveyor. It is based on the strain gauges placed directly on the roller surface that measure pressing force of the belt on the roller. Automatical operation of the measurement system minimizes impact of an operator on the measurement results. Experimental researches included the stability of indications during 5 days, Type A uncertainty estimation and equipment variation EV calculations. Expanded uncertainty calculated for the level of confidence 95% was below 0.1% of the actually measured value, and percentage repeatability %EV = 9.5% was obtained. It can be considered satisfactory, since usually it is required %EV < 10% for new measurement systems.

State special primary acceleration measurement standard for gravimetry GET 190-2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
L.F. Vitushkin ◽  
F.F. Karpeshin ◽  
E.P. Krivtsov ◽  
P.P. Krolitsky ◽  
V.V. Nalivaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Measurement Standard ◽  
Acceleration Measurement ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Free Fall Acceleration ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Upper Level

The State special primary acceleration measurement standard for gravimetry (GET 190-2019), its composition, principle of operation and basic metrological characteristics are presented. This standard is on the upper level of reference for free-fall acceleration measurements. Its accuracy and reliability were improved as a result of optimisation of the adjustment procedures for measurement systems and its integration within the upgraded systems, units and modern hardware components. A special attention was given to adjusting the corrections applied to measurement results with respect to procedural, physical and technical limitations. The used investigation methods made it possibled to confirm the measurement range of GET 190-2019 and to determine the contributions of main sources of errors and the total value of these errors. The measurement characteristics and GET 90-2019 were confirmed by the results obtained from measurements of the absolute value of the free fall acceleration at the gravimetrical site “Lomonosov-1” and by their collation with the data of different dates obtained from measurements by high-precision foreign and domestic gravimeters. Topicality of such measurements ensues from the requirements to handle the applied problems that need data on parameters of the Earth gravitational field, to be adequately faced. Geophysics and navigation are the main fields of application for high-precision measurements in this field.

scholarly journals Development of Thermal Performance Metrics for Direct Gas-Fired Circulating Heaters

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Smith ◽  
Brett C. Ramirez ◽  
Steven J. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Many climate-controlled agricultural buildings use direct gas-fired circulating heaters (DGFCH) for supplement heat. There is no standardized test to calculate thermal efficiency for these heaters. This study aimed to develop a measurement system and analytical analysis for thermal efficiency, quantify the measurement uncertainty, and assess economics of DGFCH efficiency. The measurement system developed was similar to the ASHRAE 103 standard test stand with adaptations to connect the apparatus to the DGFCH. Two different propane measurement systems were used: input ratings < 30 kW used a mass flow system and input ratings > 30 kW used a volumetric gas meter. Three DGFCHs (21.9, 29.3, 73.3 kW) were tested to evaluate the system. Thermal efficiencies ranged from 92.4% to 100.9%. The resulting uncertainty (coverage factor of 2; ~95% Confidence Interval) ranged from 13.1% to 30.7% for input ratings of 56.3 to 11.4 kW. Key sources of uncertainty were propane and mass flow of air measurement. The economic impact of 1% difference in thermal efficiency ranged from USD $61.3 to $72.0 per heating season. Refinement of the testing system and procedures are needed to reduce the uncertainty. The application of this system will aid building designers in selection of DGFCHs for various applications.

scholarly journals Multi-Probe Measurement System Based on Single-Cut Transformation for Fast Testing of Linear Arrays

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1744
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodríguez Varela ◽  
Manuel José López Morales ◽  
Rubén Tena Sánchez ◽  
Alfonso Tomás Muriel Barrado ◽  
Elena de la Fuente González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
X Band ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Many ◽  
3D Information

This paper introduces a near-field measurement system concept for the fast testing of linear arrays suited for mass production scenarios where a high number of nominally identical antennas needs to be measured. The proposed system can compute the radiation pattern, directivity and gain on the array plane, as well as the array complex feeding coefficients in a matter of seconds. The concept is based on a multi-probe antenna array arranged in a line which measures the near field of the antenna under test in its array plane. This linear measurement is postprocessed with state-of-the-art single-cut transformation techniques. To compensate the lack of full 3D information, a previous complete characterization of a “Gold Antenna” is performed. This antenna is nominally identical to the many ones that will be measured with the proposed system. Therefore, the data extracted from this full characterization can be used to complement the postprocessing steps of the single-cut measurements. An X-band 16-probe demonstrator of the proposed system is implemented and introduced in this paper, explaining all the details of its architecture and operation steps. Finally, some measurement results are given to compare the developed demonstrator with traditional anechoic measurements, and show the potential capabilities of the proposed concept to perform fast and reliable measurements.

scholarly journals Modeling of Tractor Fuel Consumption

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2300
Author(s):  
Bronisław Andrzej Kolator
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
System A ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adjustment System ◽  
Unit Performance ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

In this paper, the energy diagnostic of tractor performance consists in evaluating the energy (fuel consumption per hectare—dm3 ha−1) for a given agricultural operation and in combining it with working capacity, also called productivity (area productivity—ha h−1). One of the methods of solving this problem is the identification of the functioning process of the machine unit. A model of the process of the machine unit performance was developed, considering the operation of the rear linkage system of the implement with the force control adjustment system. In order to analyze the system, a mathematical model of the system function was built: tractor-implement-soil, defining the physical connections and interdependencies between the individual subsystems of the system. Based on this model, a simulation model was developed and implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The Simulink package was used to test the performance of the machine set. The efficiency indicators according to the adopted criteria were calculated in the evaluation block. To evaluate the process, the technical and operational parameters of the tractor, the type and parameters of the tool, and soil properties were taken into account. The results of simulation studies obtained on a validated model are consistent with experimental data from appropriate soil conditions.

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