Tracking Control of Piezoelectric Stack Actuator Using Modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii Model

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuansheng Chen ◽  
Jose Palacios ◽  
Edward C. Smith ◽  
Jinhao Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Hysteresis Model ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
Hysteresis Control ◽  
Piezoelectric Stack Actuator

This paper presents the development of Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis model and tracking control of piezoelectric stack actuator with severe hysteresis. Classic Prandtl–Ishlinskii model which is a linearly weighted superposition of many backlash operators with different threshold and weight values, inherits the symmetry property of the backlash operator at about the center point of the loop formed by the operator. To describe the asymmetric hysteresis of piezoelectric stack actuators, two sets of weighting parameters are proposed to modify the weight values of backlash operators in the ascending and descending branches. Hence, two weight values correspond to one operator. Each pair of the weight values slides smoothly from one to another when the output of their corresponding operator is at a desired threshold. A feedforward controller was designed based on the modified model, which can precisely describe the inverse of the hysteresis. Then the modified model and the hysteresis of the piezoelectric stack actuator cancelled each other. A feedback controller was design to compensate for actuator creep. Different types of signal are used to test the feedforward and feedback controllers. The results show that the proposed hysteresis control scheme which combines feedforward and feedback controllers greatly improves the tracking accuracy of the piezoelectric actuator and the error is less than 0.15 μm.

Tracking control of piezoelectric stack actuator using modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii model

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuansheng Chen ◽  
Jinhao Qiu ◽  
Jose Palacios ◽  
Edward C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Hysteresis Model ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Creep Effect ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
Piezoelectric Stack Actuator ◽  
Symmetric Property

This article presents the development of Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis model and tracking control of piezoelectric stack actuator with severe hysteresis. Classical Prandtl–Ishlinskii model is a linearly weighted superposition of many backlash operators with different threshold and weight values, which inherits the symmetric property of the backlash operator at about the center point of the loop formed by the operators. To describe the asymmetric hysteresis of piezoelectric stack actuators, two modified operators were developed, one for ascending branches and another for descending branches. Based on this modified model, a feedforward controller was designed to compensate the hysteresis. Since the modified model describes the inverse of hysteresis, the feedforward controller and the hysteresis of piezoelectric stack actuator canceled each other. To attenuate the creep effect and reduce tracking error, a feedback controller was proposed to work with the feedforward controller. Experimental results show that this control scheme that combines feedforward and feedback controllers greatly improves the tracking of the piezoelectric actuator and the error is less than 0.15 µm.

Multi-Rate Feedforward Tracking Control for Plants With Nonminimum Phase Discrete Time Models

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Gu ◽  
Masayoshi Tomizuka
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Feedforward Controller

This paper is concerned with performance enhancement of tracking control systems by multi-rate control. The feedback controller is updated at the same rate as the sampling rate of the output measurements. The feedforward controller processes the desired output signal for high accuracy tracking, and its output is updated at a rate N-times faster than the sampling rate of the output measurements. The discrete time model of the controlled plant may possess unstable zeros, and the zero phase error tracking controller (ZPETC) is used as a feedforward controller. Inter-sample behavior of the plant is included in evaluating the tracking performance of the multi-rate system. Illustrative examples are given to show advantages of the proposed multi-rate feedback/feedforward control scheme.

Precision Tracking Control of Discrete Time Nonminimum-Phase Systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2A) ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsiang Menq ◽  
Jin-jae Chen
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Tracking Performance ◽  
Nonminimum Phase ◽  
Nonminimum Phase Systems ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
Precision Tracking ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
Precision Tracking Control

In this paper, a precision tracking control scheme for linear discrete time nonminimum-phase systems is proposed. This control scheme consists of a preview filter, a tracking-performance filter, a command feedforward controller, and a feedback controller. A command feedforward controller, whose design is based on the minimal order inverse model of the plant being controlled, will result in a completely decoupled system. The preview filter is introduced to compensate the phase and gain errors induced by the nonminimum phase zeros or lightly damped zeros of the system. Using the command feedforward controller along with the proposed preview filter, the tracking performance of the proposed control scheme can be characterized by the frequency response of the tracking-performance filter. For the design of the preview filter, a generalized Nth order preview filter and its associated penalty function that quantifies the tracking error of a design are defined. It is shown that, given the desired bandwidth and the order of the preview filter, the optimal solution for the design of the preview filter can be obtained explicitly. The proposed control scheme together with the optimal preview filter is shown to be very effective in achieving precision tracking control of discrete time MIMO nonminimum phase systems. It is also shown that the tracking performance is improved as the order N of the preview filter is increased.

Tracking control of a 3-dimensional piezo-driven micro-positioning system using a dynamic Prandtl–Ishlinskii model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110482
Author(s):  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Feifei Liu ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Hysteresis Model ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Rate Dependent

A controller composed of a feed-forward loop based on a novel dynamic Prandtl–Ishlinskii (P-I) model and a PID feedback control loop is developed to support a 3-dimensional piezo-driven micro-positioning system for high-bandwidth tracking control. By considering the dynamic characteristics of the power amplifier, the dynamic P-I model can accurately describe the rate-dependent hysteresis of piezoelectric stack actuators (PSAs). To ensure that the hysteresis model is independent of system load, the P-I hysteresis operator in that model characterizes the relationship between the output force and the input voltage of PSAs. The dynamics equation of the mechanical is established by using the cutoff modal method. The feedforward control is designed based on the dynamic hysteresis model to reduce the rate-dependent hysteresis. The PID control is incorporated with the feedforward control to increase the tracking accuracy. Experimental results indicate that the controller can overcome the hysteresis efficiently and preserve good positioning accuracy in 1–100 Hz bandwidth. Just by introducing the dynamic characteristics of the power amplifier, which can be expressed as a first-order differential equation, the P-I model can accurately describe the rate-dependent hysteresis of the PSA, which provides a simple method to describe and control piezoelectric actuators and piezo-driven systems in a wide frequency.

Control Algorithm for Nanoscale Positioning of a 6DOF Stewart Platform

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung Ting ◽  
Ho-Chin Jar ◽  
Chun-Chung Li
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stewart Platform ◽  
Preisach Model ◽  
Hysteresis Model ◽  
Nonlinear Hysteresis ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
Minimum Points

A 6DOF Stewart platform driven by piezoelectric actuators was designed for applications in need of nanoscale positioning. By using flexural joints and an error compensation model based on a minimum-points-3-axes measurement method, the manufacturing and assembly errors can be offset. The design of a feedforward controller that is able to reduce the nonlinear hysteresis effect of the piezoelectric actuator is the focus of this article. A dynamic Preisach model is developed to improve the accuracy of hysteresis model, whose inverse model is used as the feedforward controller. Such a control scheme is cost-effective without employing expensive sensors for feedback control. Experimental data shows that the platform can achieve the objective of nanoscale positioning.

Event-driven adaptive fault-tolerant tracking control for uncertain mechanical systems with application to flexible spacecraft

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 1735-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caisheng Wei ◽  
Yuxin Liao ◽  
Wenxiong Xi ◽  
Zeyang Yin ◽  
Jianjun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Flexible Spacecraft ◽  
Actuator Faults ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Primary Advantage

An event-driven neural network–based fault-tolerant tracking control scheme is investigated for uncertain mechanical systems with performance guaranteed in the presence of unknown actuator faults and external disturbances. Compared with the existing works, the primary advantage is that the detections and identifications of actuator faults are not required, whereas the convergence rate and tracking accuracy can be guaranteed a priori by constructing an adaptive tracking controller with a few aperiodic updates. Moreover, by using the norm-bounding skill, only two adaptive parameters are needed to update online, which dramatically decreases the complexity of the corresponding adaptive schemes. Finally, applications to the attitude stabilization and tracking control of the flexible spacecraft are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

Experiments on the Tracking Control of a Flexible One-Link Manipulator

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2A) ◽  
pp. 306-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsiang Menq ◽  
Jack Zhijie Xia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
System Transfer Function

Experimental study on the tracking control of a flexible onelink manipulator is reported in this paper. A tracking control scheme is developed based on the system transfer function. In the proposed control scheme, the desired control input for a given end-point trajectory is obtained by using a command feedforward controller instead of solving the inverse dynamic equations of the system. The proposed control scheme requires small amount of computations and can be easily implemented for real time control. The experimental results are presented, which shows very good tracking performance.

scholarly journals Robust Quadrotor Control through Reinforcement Learning with Disturbance Compensation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3257
Author(s):  
Chen-Huan Pi ◽  
Wei-Yuan Ye ◽  
Stone Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Disturbance Compensation ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Control Scheme

In this paper, a novel control strategy is presented for reinforcement learning with disturbance compensation to solve the problem of quadrotor positioning under external disturbance. The proposed control scheme applies a trained neural-network-based reinforcement learning agent to control the quadrotor, and its output is directly mapped to four actuators in an end-to-end manner. The proposed control scheme constructs a disturbance observer to estimate the external forces exerted on the three axes of the quadrotor, such as wind gusts in an outdoor environment. By introducing an interference compensator into the neural network control agent, the tracking accuracy and robustness were significantly increased in indoor and outdoor experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed control strategy is highly robust to external disturbances. In the experiments, compensation improved control accuracy and reduced positioning error by 75%. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to achieve quadrotor positioning control through low-level reinforcement learning by using a global positioning system in an outdoor environment.

scholarly journals Formation Tracking Control and Obstacle Avoidance of Unicycle-Type Robots Guaranteeing Continuous Velocities

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4374
Author(s):  
Jose Bernardo Martinez ◽  
Hector M. Becerra ◽  
David Gomez-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Obstacle Avoidance ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Global Coordinate System ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Formation Tracking ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hierarchical Scheme

In this paper, we addressed the problem of controlling the position of a group of unicycle-type robots to follow in formation a time-varying reference avoiding obstacles when needed. We propose a kinematic control scheme that, unlike existing methods, is able to simultaneously solve the both tasks involved in the problem, effectively combining control laws devoted to achieve formation tracking and obstacle avoidance. The main contributions of the paper are twofold: first, the advantages of the proposed approach are not all integrated in existing schemes, ours is fully distributed since the formulation is based on consensus including the leader as part of the formation, scalable for a large number of robots, generic to define a desired formation, and it does not require a global coordinate system or a map of the environment. Second, to the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time that a distributed formation tracking control is combined with obstacle avoidance to solve both tasks simultaneously using a hierarchical scheme, thus guaranteeing continuous robots velocities in spite of activation/deactivation of the obstacle avoidance task, and stability is proven even in the transition of tasks. The effectiveness of the approach is shown through simulations and experiments with real robots.

scholarly journals Visual Tracking Control of Cable-Driven Hyper-Redundant Snake-Like Manipulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6224
Author(s):  
Qisong Zhou ◽  
Jianzhong Tang ◽  
Yong Nie ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Long Qin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Tracking ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Adaptive Optimization ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Kinematics Model ◽  
Compound Control ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Specific Geometry

The cable-driven hyper-redundant snake-like manipulator (CHSM) inspired by the biomimetic structure of vertebrate muscles and tendons, which consists of numerous joint units connected adjacently driven by elastic materials with hyper-redundant DOF, performs flexible kinematic skills and competitive compound capability under complicated working circumstances. Nevertheless, the drawback of lacking the ability to perceive the environment to perform intelligently in complex scenarios leaves a lot to be improved, which is the original intention to introduce visual tracking feedback acting as an instructor. In this paper, a cable-driven snake-like robotic arm combined with a visual tracking technique is introduced. A visual tracking approach based on dual correlation filter is designed to guide the CHSM in detecting the target and tracing after its trajectory. Specifically, it contains an adaptive optimization for the scale variation of the tracking target via pyramid sampling. For the CHSM, an explicit kinematics model is derived from its specific geometry relationships and followed by a simplification for the inverse kinematics based on some assumption or limitation. A control scheme is brought up to combine the kinematics with visual tracking via the processing tracking errors. The experimental results with a practical prototype validate the availability of the proposed compound control method with the derived kinematics model.

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