Sensorless Method for Switching Energy Harvester Based on Self-Sensing Approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yamamoto ◽  
K. Asahina ◽  
K. Yoshimizu ◽  
K. Makihara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
State Observer ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Sinusoidal Wave ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Sensors ◽  
Switching Energy

Vibration energy harvesting extracts electrical energy from vibrating structures. The past studies of vibration energy harvesting suggest that the efficiency can be improved by switch regulation in the harvesting circuit. The switch-regulation is carried out depending on the motion of the target structure with the use of vibration sensors such as displacement sensor or accelerometer. This paper proposes a new vibration self-sensing method for switching energy harvesters that do not use those vibration sensors. In this method, the voltage of the piezoelectric transducer is measured, and the structural vibrational status is estimated from the measured voltage. The transducer voltage is not smooth and does not maintain the sinusoidal wave even when the structure vibrates in a sinusoidal wave because the switch energy harvesting method inverses the transducer voltage at every period. Thus, we establish a state observer based on a Kalman filter to estimate three state values of the target harvesting system: modal displacement, modal velocity, and electric charge in the transducer. This paper describes the construction processes for the observer. The observed value is the transducer voltage. We also show an electric circuit for measuring the transducer voltage. Finally, we confirm the efficiency of the proposed state observer for switch harvesting with numerical simulations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Double Elastic Steel Wind Driven Magneto-Electric Vibration Energy Harvesting System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7364
Author(s):  
Yi-Ren Wang ◽  
Ming-Ching Chu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Elastic Beam ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

This research proposes an energy harvesting system that collects the downward airflow from a helicopter or a multi-axis unmanned rotary-wing aircraft and uses this wind force to drive the magnet to rotate, generating repulsive force, which causes the double elastic steel system to slap each other and vibrate periodically in order to generate more electricity than the traditional energy harvesting system. The design concept of the vibration mechanism in this study is to allow the elastic steel carrying the magnet to slap another elastic steel carrying the piezoelectric patch to form a set of double elastic steel vibration energy harvesting (DES VEH) systems. The theoretical DES VEH mechanism of this research is composed of a pair of cantilever beams, with magnets attached to the free end of one beam, and PZT attached to the other beam. This study analyzes the single beam system first. The MOMS method is applied to analyze the frequency response of this nonlinear system theoretically, then combines the piezoelectric patch and the magneto-electric coupling device with this nonlinear elastic beam to analyze the benefits of the system’s converted electrical energy. In the theoretical study of the DES VEH system, the slapping force between the two elastic beams was considered as a concentrated load on each of the beams. Furthermore, both SES and DES VEH systems are studied and correlated. Finally, the experimental data and theoretical results are compared to verify the feasibility and correctness of the theory. It is proven that this DES VEH system can not only obtain the electric energy from the traditional SES VEH system but also obtain the extra electric energy of the steel vibration subjected to the slapping force, which generates optimal power to the greatest extent.

scholarly journals Intelligent Control of Vibration Energy Harvesting System

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nizar Almajdy ◽  
Rabee Thjel ◽  
Ramzi Ali
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Simulink Model ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

The Intelligent Control of Vibration Energy Harvesting system is presented in this paper. The harvesting systems use a mechanical vibration to generate electrical energy in a suitable form for use. Proportional-Integrated-derivative controller and Fuzzy Logic controller have been suggested; their parameters are optimized using a new heuristic algorithm, the Camel Traveling Algorithm(CTA). The proposed circuit Simulink model was constructed in Matlab facilities, and the model was tested under various operating conditions. The results of the simulation using the CTA was compared with two other methods.

scholarly journals Microstereolithography of Three-Dimensional Polymeric Springs for Vibration Energy Harvesting

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Baker ◽  
Timothy Reissman ◽  
Fan Zhou ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Kevin Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Spring Element ◽  
Constant Pitch

The inefficiency in converting low frequency vibration (6~240 Hz) to electrical energy remains a key issue for miniaturized vibration energy harvesting devices. To address this subject, this paper reports on the novel, three-dimensional micro-fabrication of spring elements within such devices, in order to achieve resonances and maximum energy conversion within these common frequencies. The process, known as projection microstereolithography, is exploited to fabricate polymer-based springs direct from computer-aided designs using digital masks and ultraviolet-curable resins. Using this process, a micro-spring structure is fabricated consisting of a two-by-two array of three-dimensional, constant-pitch helical coils made from 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate. Integrating the spring structure into an electromagnetic device, with a magnetic load mass of 1.236 grams, the resonance is measured at 61 Hz, which is within 2% of the theoretical model. The device provides a maximum normalized power output of 9.14 μW/G (G=9.81 ms−2) and an open circuit normalized voltage output of 621 mV/G. To the best of the authors knowledge, notable features of this work include the lowest Young’s modulus (530 MPa), density (1.011 g/cm3), and “largest feature size” (3.4 mm) for a spring element in a vibration energy harvesting device with sub-100 Hz resonance.

scholarly journals A review on vibration energy harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Liu Na ◽  
Wan Yuhao ◽  
Han Huanqing ◽  
Liu Tongshuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Capture ◽  
Future Direction

Vibration energy capture devices can convert the mechanical energy from ambient source into electrical energy. The captured electrical energy can provide energy for low-power devices such as microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) as a supplement to the power system. Vibration energy has been widely concerned by researchers because of the characteristics of easy access and green. The conversion of mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy can be achieved by electromagnetic, electrostatic, piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, dielectric elastomer and emerging friction nano-types. This paper have discussioned some parts of the vibration energy harvesting: collection principle, collection method and the energy storage circuit. At present, the research and design of mechanical vibration energy harvesting structures focus on three aspects: broadening the collection frequency band, collecting dimensions and improving efficiency. Finally, the future direction of energy harvesting research is predicted.

scholarly journals Review of nonlinear vibration energy harvesting: Duffing, bistability, parametric, stochastic and others

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 921-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Bandwidth Enhancement ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past

Vibration energy harvesting typically involves a mechanical oscillatory mechanism to accumulate ambient kinetic energy, prior to the conversion to electrical energy through a transducer. The convention is to use a simple linear mass-spring-damper oscillator with its resonant frequency tuned towards that of the vibration source. In the past decade, there has been a rapid expansion in research of vibration energy harvesting into various nonlinear vibration principles such as Duffing nonlinearity, bistability, parametric oscillators, stochastic oscillators and other nonlinear mechanisms. The intended objectives for using nonlinearity include broadening of frequency bandwidth, enhancement of power amplitude and improvement in responsiveness to non-sinusoidal noisy excitations. However, nonlinear vibration energy harvesting also comes with its own challenges and some of the research pursuits have been less than fruitful. Previous reviews in the literature have either focussed on bandwidth enhancement strategies or converged on select few nonlinear mechanisms. This article reviews eight major types of nonlinear vibration energy harvesting reported over the past decade, covering underlying principles, advantages and disadvantages, and application-specific guidance for researchers and designers.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting System with Macro Fiber Composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
Bo Yan ◽  
Yajun Luo ◽  
Weikai Miao ◽  
Minglong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
System A ◽  
Acceptance Range ◽  
Macro Fiber Composite ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Self-power supply is a promising project in various applied conditions. Among this research area, piezoelectric material-based energy harvesting (EH) method has been researched in recent years due to its advantages. With the limitation of energy form acceptance range of EH circuit system, a sum of energy is not accessible to be obtained. To enlarge the EH quantity from the vibration, an enhanced piezoelectric vibration EH structure with piezoelectric film is developed in this work. Piezoelectric-based energy harvesting mechanism is primarily proposed in this work. The special-designed electric circuit for EH from macro fiber composite (MFC) is proposed and then analyzed. When the structure vibrates in its modes of frequencies, the experiments are developed to measure the EH effect. The energy harvested from the vibrating structure is analyzed and the enhanced effect is presented. The results indicate that, with the enhanced EH structure in this work, vibration energy from structure is obtained in a larger range, and the general EH quantity is enlarged.

Modeling of polyurethane/lead zirconate titanate composites for vibration energy harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Rjafallah ◽  
Abdelowahed Hajjaji ◽  
Daniel Guyomar ◽  
Khalid Kandoussi ◽  
Fouad Belhora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Collecting the vibration energy existing in the surrounding environment and its transformation to a useful electrical energy in order to supply ultra-low power systems remains an emerging and promising technology. During the last decades, most of research efforts dealt with energy-harvesting technology using piezoelectric ceramics. However, those materials are stiff and limited in mechanical strain abilities. In addition, they lose their stiffness and piezoelectricity at high levels of mechanical strain. Thus, they are unsuitable for many applications in which low frequency and high strain level are required. However, electrostrictive polymers are lightweight, very flexible, have low manufacturing costs and are easy to mould into any desired shapes. These special properties led to them being considered as potential actuators. However, it is not well known that these materials also can be used for mechanical-to-electrical energy harvesting. In this research paper, electromechanical characterization of polymer/lead zirconate titanate composites was extended. The first part develops the analytical model predicting the energy harvested by polyurethane/PZT composites from electrical and mechanical properties of their constituent materials. Indeed, this model was based on the approach of representing the experimental setup with an equivalent electrical scheme. The second part focuses on the assessment of model performance by comparison between predicted and observed values. As a result, good agreements were observed between the two sets of data; in addition, the model could be used to optimize the choice of constituent materials. The last part concerns the contribution of both the electrostrictive effect and piezoelectric effect in electrical powers harvested by PU/PZT composites.

Multiphysics Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Bi-Axial Magnetoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Vol 558 ◽  
pp. 465-476
Author(s):  
Joshua E. McLeod ◽  
Scott D. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Multiphysics Modelling

This paper reports on the multiphysics modelling of a bi-axial vibration energy harvesting (VEH) approach, with experimental validation of the model predictions. The authors have developed a harvester able to generate voltage under bi-axial vibrations. The harvesting approach is based on a magnetoelectric (ME) transducer that is positioned between a fixed magnet and oscillating ball bearing, which steers a changing magnetic field through the transducer to generate a voltage. The transducer combines magnetostrictive and piezoelectric properties to convert magnetic potential into electrical energy. Analytical modelling of this phenomenon is difficult due to the highly coupled nature of this interaction, so Comsol multiphysics software is used to make predictions of output using the finite element method (FEM). A peak open-circuit harvester voltage of 39.4 V is predicted for a ball bearing oscillating with 4.5 mm amplitude, agreeing reasonably well with measured harvester voltage of approximately 35 V. The modelling is applied to a two-dimensional representation of the system, which is shown to be sufficient for a basic understanding of the highly coupled nature of interactions, and a basis for optimising the magnetoelectric vibration energy harvesting approach.

scholarly journals Shock-Absorber Rotary Generator for Automotive Vibration Energy Harvesting

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6599
Author(s):  
Tae Dong Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Rotational Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
Development Direction

The vibration energy derived from vehicle movement over a road surface was first converted to rotational energy during vehicle operation by installing blades in the suspension system. The rotational energy was converted to electrical energy using the rotational energy as the input value of the rotary generator. The vibrations from the road’s surface were analyzed using CarSim-Simulink. The blades’ characteristics were analyzed using ANSYS Fluent. The T–ω curve was derived, and the power generation of the rotary generator was verified using the commercial electromagnetic analysis program, ANSYS MAXWELL. For high power generation, the design was optimized using PIAnO (process integration, automation, and optimization), a PIDO (process integration and design optimization) tool. The amount of power generation was 59.4562 W, which was a 122.47% increase compared to the initial model. The remaining problems were analyzed, and further studies were performed. This paper proposes the applicability and development direction of suspension with energy harvesting by installing blades on suspension.

scholarly journals Experiment Investigation of Bistable Vibration Energy Harvesting with Random Wave Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3868
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
Jie Lian ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Shijie Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Random Wave ◽  
Periodic Signal ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Motion Activity

The energy harvested from the renewable energy has been attracting a great potential as a source of electricity for many years; however, several challenges still exist limiting output performance, such as the package and low frequency of the wave. Here, this paper proposed a bistable vibration system for harvesting low-frequency renewable energy, the bistable vibration model consisting of an inverted cantilever beam with a mass block at the tip in a random wave environment and also develop a vibration energy harvesting system with a piezoelectric element attached to the surface of a cantilever beam. The experiment was carried out by simulating the random wave environment using the experimental equipment. The experiment result showed a mass block’s response vibration was indeed changed from a single stable vibration to a bistable oscillation when a random wave signal and a periodic signal were co-excited. It was shown that stochastic resonance phenomena can be activated reliably using the proposed bistable motion system, and, correspondingly, large-scale bistable responses can be generated to realize effective amplitude enlargement after input signals are received. Furthermore, as an important design factor, the influence of periodic excitation signals on the large-scale bistable motion activity was carefully discussed, and a solid foundation was laid for further practical energy harvesting applications.

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