Population dynamics of the main phytophagous and predatory mites associated with rubber tree plantations in the State of Bahia, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizeu Castro ◽  
Felipe Nuvoloni ◽  
Reinaldo Feres
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Predacious Species

Rubber trees, Hevea brasiliensis, are the main source of latex in the world, being cultivated in several states in Brazil. Calacarus heveae Feres and Tenuipalpus heveae Baker are considered the main pest mites of this crop. In this study, we evaluated the population dynamics of these two phytophagous species and of the most common predatory species during a one-year period on crops of rubber tree clones FDR 5788, CDC 312 and PMB 01, located in Igrapiúna, State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. The results indicate that outbreaks of C. heveae and T. heveae occur from January to May. Population densities vary among clones, being lower on FDR 5788. Amblyseius perditus Chant and Baker (Phytoseiidae), Parapronematus sp. (Iolinidae) and Agistemus pallinii Matioli, Tavares and Pallini (Stigmaeidae) were the most abundant and frequently encountered predacious species. The population dynamics of these predatory species were related to the abundance of the phytophagous mites. However, the efficacy of these predators to mitigate infestations of phytophagous mites under natural conditions is unresolved due to the high reproductive rate of the phytophagous species.

scholarly journals Nutrient cycling in a RRIM 600 clone rubber plantation

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Roberto Murbach ◽  
Antonio Enedi Boaretto ◽  
Takashi Muraoka ◽  
Euclides Caxambu Alexandrino de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Nutrient Retranslocation ◽  
One Year ◽  
K Fertilization

Few reports have been presented on nutrient cycling in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). This experiment was carried out to evaluate: the effect of K rates on the amount of nutrients transfered to the soil in a 13-year old Hevea brasilensis RRIM 600 clone plantation, nutrient retranslocation from the leaves before falling to the soil, and nutrient loss by dry rubber export. The experiment started in 1998 and potassium was applied at the rates of 0, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O under the crowns of 40 rubber trees of each plot. Literfall collectors, five per plot, were randomly distributed within the plots under the trees. The accumulated literfall was collected monthly during one year. The coagulated rubber latex from each plot was weighed, and samples were analyzed for nutrient content. Increasing K fertilization rates also increased the K content in leaf literfall. Calcium and N were the most recycled leaf nutrients to the soil via litterfall. Potassium, followed by P were the nutrients with the highest retranslocation rates. Potassium was the most exported nutrient by the harvested rubber, and this amount was higher than that transfered to the soil by the leaf literfall.

Mites (Arachnida: Acari) associated with plants of family Myrtaceae from the Caatinga Domain, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 942-956
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Rodrigues ◽  
Imeuda P. Furtado ◽  
Antônio C. Lofego
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Mite Family ◽  
Collection Sites

The objective of the present study was to determine the mite fauna associated with Myrtaceae from Cariri, a microregion with peculiar climatic conditions in the center of the Caatinga Domain in northeastern Brazil. Samples were collected in eight municipalities in Cariri region. In each municipality, five collection sites equidistant at approximately 10 km were established. The sampling was carried out in two periods, rainy season (March to April 2013) and dry season (September to October 2013). A total of 3.831 mites distributed in 14 families, 39 genera and 46 species were recorded. The Phytoseiidae was the dominant predatory mite family with 11 species. The most common phytoseiid species was Euseius concordis (Chant), followed by Euseius citrifolius Demark & Muma and Euseius alatus De Leon. Among the phytophagous mites, two families were the most abundant: Tenuipalpidae and Tetranychidae. Our results indicated that Myrtaceae in Caatinga Domains hosts a considerable diversity of potentially important predatory mites for the control of phytophagous species.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Althieris de Souza Saraiva ◽  
Renato de Almeida Sarmento ◽  
Marçal Pedro-Neto ◽  
Eduardo Andrea Lemus Erasmo ◽  
Adenir Vieira Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
The Family ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L. Mite richness, diversity, and abundance were determined, and higher values were observed primarily in the top stratum. Mite population in J. curcas was higher during the rainy season. Phytophagous mites were mostly concentrated in the top stratum, and Brevipalpus sp. was the most abundant. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae presented the highest richness and diversity, and Amblydromalus zannoui was the most abundant species. The present results indicate seasonal population dynamics for both predatory and phytophagous mites on J. curcas.

scholarly journals Genomic Characteristics and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Two Chinese Corynespora cassiicola Strains Causing Corynespora Leaf Fall (CLF) Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Boxun Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jimiao Cai ◽  
Xianbao Liu ◽  
Tao Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Leaf Fall

Rubber tree Corynespora leaf fall (CLF) disease, caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola, is one of the most damaging diseases in rubber tree plantations in Asia and Africa, and this disease also threatens rubber nurseries and young rubber plantations in China. C. cassiicola isolates display high genetic diversity, and virulence profiles vary significantly depending on cultivar. Although one phytotoxin (cassicolin) has been identified, it cannot fully explain the diversity in pathogenicity between C. cassiicola species, and some virulent C. cassiicola strains do not contain the cassiicolin gene. In the present study, we report high-quality gapless genome sequences, obtained using short-read sequencing and single-molecule long-read sequencing, of two Chinese C. cassiicola virulent strains. Comparative genomics of gene families in these two stains and a virulent CPP strain from the Philippines showed that all three strains experienced different selective pressures, and metabolism-related gene families vary between the strains. Secreted protein analysis indicated that the quantities of secreted cell wall-degrading enzymes were correlated with pathogenesis, and the most aggressive CCP strain (cassiicolin toxin type 1) encoded 27.34% and 39.74% more secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) than Chinese strains YN49 and CC01, respectively, both of which can only infect rubber tree saplings. The results of antiSMASH analysis showed that all three strains encode ~60 secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (SM BGCs). Phylogenomic and domain structure analyses of core synthesis genes, together with synteny analysis of polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters, revealed diversity in the distribution of SM BGCs between strains, as well as SM polymorphisms, which may play an important role in pathogenic progress. The results expand our understanding of the C. cassiicola genome. Further comparative genomic analysis indicates that secreted CAZymes and SMs may influence pathogenicity in rubber tree plantations. The findings facilitate future exploration of the molecular pathogenic mechanism of C. cassiicola.

scholarly journals Unexpected Effects of Local Management and Landscape Composition on Predatory Mites and Their Food Resources in Vineyards

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Stefan Möth ◽  
Andreas Walzer ◽  
Markus Redl ◽  
Božana Petrović ◽  
Christoph Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
Eriophyoid Mite

Viticultural practices and landscape composition are the main drivers influencing biological pest control in vineyards. Predatory mites, mainly phytoseiid (Phytoseiidae) and tydeoid mites (Tydeidae), are important to control phytophagous mites (Tetranychidae and Eriophyidae) on vines. In the absence of arthropod prey, pollen is an important food source for predatory mites. In 32 paired vineyards located in Burgenland/Austria, we examined the effect of landscape composition, management type (organic/integrated), pesticide use, and cover crop diversity of the inter-row on the densities of phytoseiid, tydeoid, and phytophagous mites. In addition, we sampled pollen on vine leaves. Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten was the main phytoseiid mite species and Tydeus goetzi Schruft the main tydeoid species. Interestingly, the area-related acute pesticide toxicity loading was higher in organic than in integrated vineyards. The densities of phytoseiid and tydeoid mites was higher in integrated vineyards and in vineyards with spontaneous vegetation. Their population also profited from an increased viticultural area at the landscape scale. Eriophyoid mite densities were extremely low across all vineyards and spider mites were absent. Biological pest control of phytophagous mites benefits from less intensive pesticide use and spontaneous vegetation cover in vineyard inter-rows, which should be considered in agri-environmental schemes.

scholarly journals The influence of microhabitat on the population dynamics of four herbaceous species in a semiarid area of northeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Silva ◽  
J. M. F. F. Santos ◽  
J. R. Andrade ◽  
E. N. Lima ◽  
U. P. Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Variation in annual rainfall is considered the most important factor influencing population dynamics in dry environments. However, different factors may control population dynamics in different microhabitats. This study recognizes that microhabitat variation may attenuate the influence of climatic seasonality on the population dynamics of herbaceous species in dry forest (Caatinga) areas of Brazil. We evaluated the influence of three microhabitats (flat, rocky and riparian) on the population dynamics of four herbaceous species (Delilia biflora, Commelina obliqua, Phaseolus peduncularis and Euphorbia heterophylla) in a Caatinga (dry forest) fragment at the Experimental Station of the Agronomic Research Institute of Pernambuco in Brazil, over a period of three years. D. biflora, C. obliqua and P. peduncularis were found in all microhabitats, but they were present at low densities in the riparian microhabitat. There was no record of E. heterophylla in the riparian microhabitat. Population size, mortality rates and natality rates varied over time in each microhabitat. This study indicates that different establishment conditions influenced the population size and occurrence of the four species, and it confirms that microhabitat can attenuate the effect of drought stress on mortality during the dry season, but the strength of this attenuator role may vary with time and species.

Carbon stock in rubber tree plantations in Western Ghana and Mato Grosso (Brazil)

2008 ◽  
Vol 255 (7) ◽  
pp. 2347-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Wauters ◽  
S. Coudert ◽  
E. Grallien ◽  
M. Jonard ◽  
Q. Ponette
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Mato Grosso

Phytoseiidae mites associated with native and cultivated solanaceous in Central-West Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mércia Elias Duarte ◽  
Peterson Rodrigo Demite ◽  
Renata Santos De Mendonça ◽  
Miguel Michereff-filho ◽  
Maria Luiza Santa Cruz De Mesquita Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
The One

Predatory mites represent important biological control agents and those belonging to the Phytoseiidae family are the most promising for the control of phytophagous mites and small insects. The control of key pests of tomato and other solanaceous crops, highlighting phytophagous mites, has been a challenge and the biological control constitutes a promising strategy. Prospecting predatory mites in wild host plants, natural environments as well as in agroecosystems is relevant because these non-crop and crop areas can serve as reservoirs for promising species for biological control programs. This study aimed to know the Phytoseiidae fauna associated with wild and cultivated solanaceous plants in a poorly prospected area in Brazil, the Central-West Region. A detailed taxonomic identification of phytoseiid mites was conducted, and the most important morphological traits are presented for each species. In addition, associated phytophagous mites mainly belonging to the Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae and Eriophyoidea were identified. Surveys were carried out in 23 species of solanaceous collected in the Distrito Federal (12 areas) and Goiás State (1 area), from February 2017 to January 2018. Nineteen species of predators belonging to ten genera were recorded: Amblyseius (2 species), Euseius (3), Galendromus (1), Iphiseiodes (1), Neoseiulus (3), Paraphytoseius (1), Phytoseius (3), Proprioseiopsis (2), Typhlodromalus (2, one probably new to science) and Typhlodromips (1). Solanum lycocarpum was the solanaceous that harbored the highest richness (11 species), as well as the one with the highest abundance of phytoseiids (250 specimens). Typhlodromalus aripo was the most common species, being the most abundant (423 specimens; 32%) and registered on the largest number of hosts (14). Many of phytoseiid species found present morphological traits that facilitate their occurrence in leaves with trichomes, as in the case of tomato and other cultivated solanaceous. These traits and the association between predators and phytophagous mites may indicate that these species are promising for biological control programms. Thus, extensive studies to assess the efficiency of the identified predatory mites to control key solanaceous pests are required.

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