Batting Cage Performance of Wood and Nonwood Youth Baseball Bats

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Crisco ◽  
Michael J. Rainbow ◽  
Joel B. Schwartz ◽  
Bethany J. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Youth Baseball ◽  
Bat Performance ◽  
Swing Speed ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Baseball Bats

The purpose of this study was to examine the batting cage performance of wood and nonwood baseball bats used at the youth level. Three wood and ten nonwood bats were swung by 22 male players (13 to 18 years old) in a batting cage equipped with a 3-dimensional motion capture (300 Hz) system. Batted ball speeds were compared using a one-way ANOVA and bat swing speeds were analyzed as a function of bat moment of inertia by linear regression. Batted ball speeds were significantly faster for three nonwood bat models (P< .001), significantly slower for one nonwood model, and not different for six nonwood bats when compared with wood bats. Bat impact speed significantly (P< .05) decreased with increasing bat moment of inertia for the 13-, 14-, and 15-year-old groups, but not for the other age groups. Ball-bat coefficients of restitution (BBCOR) for all nonwood were greater than for wood, but this factor alone did not correlate with bat performance. Our findings indicate that increases in BBCOR and swing speed were not associated with faster batted ball speeds for the bats studied whose moment of inertia was substantially less than that of a wood bat of similar length.

The Kinetics of Swinging a Baseball Bat

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Crisco ◽  
Nikolas J. Osvalds ◽  
Michael J. Rainbow
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Ball Impact ◽  
Moments Of Inertia ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Youth Baseball ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Baseball Bats

The purpose of this study was to compute the 3-dimensional kinetics required to swing 3 youth baseball bats of varying moments of inertia. The 306 swings by 22 male players (age 13–18 y) were analyzed. Inverse dynamics with respect to the batter’s hands were computed given the known kinematics and physical properties of the bats. Peak force increased with larger bat moments of inertia and was strongly correlated with bat tip speed. By contrast, peak moments were weakly correlated with bat moments of inertia and bat tip speed. Throughout the swing, the force applied to the bat was dominated by a component aligned with the long axis of the bat and directed away from the bat knob, whereas the moment applied to the bat was minimal until just prior to ball impact. These results indicate that players act to mostly “pull” the bat during their swing until just prior to ball impact, at which point they rapidly increase the moment on the bat. This kinetic analysis provides novel insight into the forces and moments used to swing baseball bats.

The influence of moment of inertia on baseball/softball bat swing speed

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Koenig ◽  
Nan Davis Mitchell ◽  
Thomas E. Hannigan ◽  
J. Keith Clutter
Keyword(s):  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Swing Speed

The role of demographic factors of international students on teaching preferences

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Pramila Rao
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Teaching Preferences ◽  
One Way Anova

Purpose This empirical research was conducted in a medium-sized private university located in the north-eastern region of the USA. The purpose of this paper was to understand whether demographic attributes (age, gender, country of origin and years of stay in the USA) of international students will predict any preferences for specific teaching methods. This study was conducted with international students from October 2012 through May 2013 (fall and spring semesters). Design/methodology/approach This research paper provides hypotheses to explore whether there is any relationship between demographic factors and preferences for various teaching methods. This study analyzes the results using both Pearson’s correlations and one-way ANOVA to reject or accept the hypotheses. Findings The results demonstrated that there were no significant correlations between the demographic variables of international students and teaching methods. However, the one-way ANOVA analyses suggested that there are differences among age groups and their preferences for group projects, years of studying in the USA and their preferences for classroom discussions, and gender and their preferences for textbook assignments. Practical implications This study suggests that scholars provide orientation or training on the host country’s pedagogies so that international students can assimilate better into their academic communities. Originality/value This pioneering paper examines the role between demographic variables of international students and teaching pedagogies. This specific concept has not been examined in this literature before. This understanding could contribute to a richer understanding of this population of students.

Developmental Study of the Effect of Dimensionality and Presentation Mode on Original Thinking of Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1275-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah W. Tegano ◽  
James D. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Presentation Mode ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Multidimensional Stimulus ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Original Thinking

A sample of 188 children in three age groups, preschool, first and third grades, were administered the Patterns Task of the Multidimensional Stimulus Fluency Measure in four test conditions. The conditions systematically varied dimension (three or two) and presentation mode (handling or nonhandling). The fluency measure assessed ideational fluency, popular and original responses, as a measure of creative potential in young children. Analysis showed that dimensionality does not play a major role in the generation of original responses for any grade. However, handling 3-dimensional or 2-dimensional stimuli did appear to facilitate original thinking in preschool children. The use of 2-dimensional photographs which depict dimensionality appeared to compensate for the need to have 3-dimensional stimuli.

Plasma levels of 7-hydroxymetabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone in healthy Central European aging men

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luboslav Stárka ◽  
Richard Hampl ◽  
Miroslav Hanuš ◽  
Michaela Matoušková ◽  
Martin Hill
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Central European ◽  
Hydroxylated Metabolites ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Hydroxy Metabolite

AbstractEvidence has been accumulating that 7-hydroxyepimers of dehydroepiandrosterone may act as locally active immunomodulatory and immunoprotective agents, counteracting the actions of glucocorticoids. 7α- and 7β-hydroxylated metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone are present in near nanomolar concentrations in human blood. Limited data have been available on its changes during the last decades of human life. We examined 213 healthy Central European males in age groups from 50 to 91years and determined both 7-hydroxyepimers, 7α- and 7β-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone, in sera using specific radioimmunoassays. The age dependence of steroid levels was evaluated using one-way ANOVA. In men, a distinct decline in 7α-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone with age was observed. The curves for age dependence of 7-hydroxy metabolite levels in males resembled those previously determined for unconjugated dehydroepiandrosterone. The levels of both 7-hydroxylated epimers correlated excellently with each other.

scholarly journals Impact of Quality on Customers’ Buying Behaviour towards Point of Purchase Display with reference to Haryana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhija Sunita ◽  
Sukhija Sunita
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Retail Industry ◽  
The Social ◽  
Point Of Purchase ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

The present paper focuses on the impact of quality on customers’ buying behaviour towards point-of-purchase display at various retail outlets in Haryana. Point-of-Purchase Display plays an important role to increase the sale of the retailers. Today customers are rational and prefer quality products at reasonable price. Moreover, due to the emergence of the supermarkets as the dominant retail, the retail industry is experiencing vibrant changes all over the world. Retail industry in India has grown to be more complex and dynamic with an increase rate of speed from unorganized towards being organized. In this research paper data has been collected from 100 respondents and analysed with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using one way ANOVA and t-test with demographic factors i.e. age-wise, gender-wise, occupation-wise and income-wise. . After analysing the data it was found that, there is neutral relationship in the opinion of different age groups and gender groups over the point-of-purchase display on quality. On the other hand Occupation and income does not have any importance on customers view point regarding ‘quality’. To conclude we can say that point-of-purchase display is not directly related to the quality.

Lumbar Hyperextension in Baseball Pitching: A Potential Cause of Spondylolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh ◽  
Mark Lee ◽  
Matthew J. Solomito ◽  
Christian Merrill ◽  
Carl Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Motion Capture System ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Pelvic Motion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lumbar Extension ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Symptomatic spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis is thought to be caused by repetitive lumbar extension. About 8.9% of baseball pitchers that experience back pain will be diagnosed with spondylolysis. Therefore, this study aims to identify and quantify lumbar extension experienced during baseball pitching. It was hypothesized that young pitchers would exhibit less lumbar extension than older pitchers. A total of 187 healthy pitchers were divided into 3 age groups: youth, adolescent, and college. Kinematic data were collected at 250 Hz using a 3-D motion capture system. Lumbar motion was calculated as the difference between upper thoracic motion and pelvic motion over the pitching cycle. Lumbar “hyperextension” was defined as ≥20° past neutral. College pitchers had significantly greater lumbar extension compared with youth and adolescent pitchers at the point of maximum external rotation of the glenohumeral joint during the pitch cycle (−25° [13°], P = .04). For all age groups, lumbar hyperextension was present during the first 66% of the pitch cycle. Most pitchers spent 45% of pitch cycle in ≥30° of lumbar extension. Understanding that lumbar extension and hyperextension are components of the complex, multiplanar motions of the spine associated with baseball pitching can potentially help in both the prevention and management of symptomatic spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis.

scholarly journals Do age and education predict performance of older adults on the d2 Test?

Psico ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Paloski ◽  
Adriano Medeiros da Cunha ◽  
Camila Rosa de Oliveira ◽  
Marianne Farina ◽  
Valéria Gonzatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
State Examination ◽  
One Way Anova

The objective of this study was to investigate the association of age and education in the performance of cognitively preserved older adults in the d2 Sustained-Attention Test, and to compare the results of different age groups and levels of schooling in this instrument. The sample was composed of 211 adults, 60 years of age or older, who were not institutionalized, and who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), and the d2 Test. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, partial correlations, multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA. The results of partial correlations and multiple linear regression showed that age and years of schooling demonstrated significant associations with all d2 Test scores, with age being the predictive variable that showed the greatest influence on the performance of the older adults. Comparison of performance in the d2 Test among the six groups according to the distribution by age group (60-69 years and 70 years or more) and by levels of schooling (primary, secondary and higher) showed that younger adults with a higher level of schooling scored better on the d2 Test, suggesting the need for normative data studies for this population.***Idade e escolaridade são preditoras de desempenho de adultos idosos no Teste d2?***O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação da idade e da escolaridade com o desempenho de idosos cognitivamente preservados no Teste d2 de Atenção Concentrada, além de comparar os resultados de diferentes grupos etários e de níveis de escolaridade nesse instrumento. Participaram 211 adultos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não institucionalizados, que responderam a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, ao Mini Exame do Estado Mental, à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (versão reduzida), e ao Teste d2. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de estatística descritiva, correlações parciais, regressão linear múltipla e ANOVA de uma via (one-way ANOVA). Os resultados das correlações parciais e da regressão linear múltipla revelaram que a idade e os anos de escolaridade demonstraram associações significativas com todos os escores do Teste d2, sendo a idade a variável preditora que demonstrou maior influência no desempenho dos idosos. A comparação de desempenho no teste d2 entre os seis grupos conforme distribuição por faixa etária (60-69 anos e 70 anos ou mais) e por níveis de escolaridade (fundamental, médio e superior) demonstrou que os idosos mais jovens e com maior nível de escolaridade apresentam melhores pontuações no Teste d2, sugerindo a necessidade de estudos de dados normativos para essa população.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON FORMULATION AND ACCEPTABILITY OF ANTI-COLD MOCKTAILS WITH VITAMIN C ENRICHED INGREDIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Arun A ◽  
Disalva X ◽  
Murali M
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Feedback Data ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

Objectives: Common cold is a widespread respiratory infection among all age groups. This creates a great nuisance and discomfort making a person feels ill. Common cold can also be treated with home-made remedies. The study gives attention to develop and formulate Mocktail drinks with Vitamin C enriched ingredients to fight against cold.Method: Developed Mocktails are tested for the presence of vitamins, and evaluated with sensory evaluation among 50 panelist members, feedback data collected are analyzed with statistical software SPSS (21.0).Results: The study exhibits that the formulated recipes of Mocktails are identical in aroma analysis with one-way ANOVA test proves, the recipes are significantly different in taste and appearance. The Freidman’s test shows that the Mocktail with pineapple juice (Code C) is more preferred by panelist members.Conclusion: The developed Mocktail recipes are rich in Vitamin C and significantly different in their organoleptic parameters furthermore preferably acceptable. 

scholarly journals Effects of moment of inertia on restricted motion swing speed

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Schorah ◽  
Simon Choppin ◽  
David James
Keyword(s):  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Swing Speed
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document