Relationships of Muscle Echo Intensity with Walking Ability and Physical Activity in the Very Old Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Osawa ◽  
Yasumichi Arai ◽  
Yuko Oguma ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Yukiko Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Triaxial Accelerometer ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Functional Morbidity

This study investigated the relationships between muscle echo intensity (EI), physical activity (PA), and functional mobility in 108 Japanese (88–92 years). We measured EI and muscle thickness (MT) at the midpoint of the anterior superior iliac spine and patella using B-mode ultrasound. Light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (LPA and MVPA) were assessed with a triaxial accelerometer. The timed up and go (TUG) test was used to measure for functional mobility. EI, but not MT, was significantly associated with both TUG scores (β = 0.17, p = .047) and MVPA (β = –0.31, p = .01) when adjusted by potential confounders. However, association between EI and TUG disappeared after adjusted for MVPA. Meanwhile, MVPA was significantly associated with TUG scores independent of EI (β = –0.35, p < .001). Although EI of anterior thigh muscles might be a weaker predictor of functional morbidity than MVPA, it is a noninvasive and practical approach for assessing muscle quality in the very old.

scholarly journals Cancer-Related Fatigue and Muscle Quality in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Survivors

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Dinato de Lima ◽  
Martim Bottaro ◽  
Ritielli de Oliveira Valeriano ◽  
Lorena Cruz ◽  
Claudio L. Battaglini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Lymphoma Survivors

The purpose of this study was to compare fatigue, strength, body composition, muscle thickness, and muscle quality between Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors (HLS) and apparently healthy subjects matched by age, gender, and physical activity levels (CON). Twelve HLS (32.16 ± 8.06) and 36 CON (32.42 ± 7.64) were enrolled in the study. Fatigue was assessed using the 20-item Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, muscle strength using an isokinetic dynamometer, body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and thickness and muscle quality using B-mode ultrasound. Differences between HLS and CON were analyzed using independent samples t tests. No significant differences were observed between groups for any demographic characteristics: age ( P = .922), weight ( P = .943), height ( P = .511), body mass index ( P = .796), fat mass ( P = .688), fat-free mass ( P = .520), and percent body fat ( P = .446). No significant differences were observed for strength (peak torque; P = .552), relative peak torque ( P = .200), muscle thickness ( P > .05) and muscle quality ( P > .05). However, self-perceived fatigue was significantly higher in HLS than in CON ( P = .009). It appears that when HLS are matched by age and physical activity levels to CON, no significant difference in body composition, muscle thickness, muscle quality, or strength is observed. Self-perceived fatigue, as predicted, is higher in HLS, which may have implications and should be considered when prescribing exercise training to this cancer population.

Relationship of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness with Motor Paralysis and Muscle Echo Intensity in Post-Stroke Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Maeda ◽  
Ken Imada ◽  
Koji Ishida ◽  
Hiroshi Akima
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Quality Loss ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Paretic Limb ◽  
Motor Paralysis ◽  
Relationship Of

Introduction: Quadriceps muscle atrophy and quality loss, defined as an increased ratio of intramuscular fat and/or connective tissue, are often observed especially in the paretic limb of post-stroke patients. This study was performed to examine the relationship of quadriceps muscle thickness (MT) with muscle echo intensity (EI) and the severity of motor paralysis after stroke. Methods: Thirty-six hemiparetic subacute post-stroke patients were enrolled. We examined the MT (index of muscle quantity) and the EI (index of muscle quality) at the anterior mid-thigh in both limbs. We also assessed the Brunnstrom stage (BR stage), subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, time since stroke, age, body weight, sex, number of medications, and nutritional and inflammation status. Results: The MT in the paretic limb was explained by the BR stage (β = –0.26, p < 0.01), body weight (β = 0.68, p < 0.01), and serum albumin (β = 0.34, p < 0.01), with an adjusted R2 of 0.81. The MT in the non-paretic limb was explained by the muscle EI (β = –0.55, p < 0.01) and age (β = –0.40, p < 0.01), with an adjusted R2 of 0.69. The muscle EI was explained by the MT in the paretic limb (β = –0.34, p < 0.01) and non-paretic limb (β = –0.69, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results suggest that motor paralysis, aging, and malnutrition contribute to quadriceps atrophy in post-stroke patients. Moreover, a potential countermeasure to diminish muscle quality loss is maintenance of muscle quantity.

scholarly journals Association of physical activity with age-related changes in muscle echo intensity in older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 1468-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Fukumoto ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Tome Ikezoe ◽  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Masashi Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Ultrasonic echo intensity (EI), an easy-to-use measure of intramuscular fat and fibrous tissues, is known to increase with aging. However, age-related changes in EI have not been examined in a longitudinal design. The objective of this study was to investigate 4-yr longitudinal changes in the EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults, based on difference in physical activity (PA). This study included 131 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 72.9 ± 5.2 yr. Subcutaneous fat thickness (FT), muscle thickness (MT), and EI of the quadriceps femoris were measured by ultrasound. Isometric knee extensor strength was also measured. PA was assessed using a questionnaire at baseline, and participants were classified into the high or low PA groups. In 4 yr, a significant decrease in FT, MT, and strength was observed in both groups ( P < 0.05), whereas a significant decrease in EI was observed only in the high PA group ( P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the difference in PA was a significant predictor of 4-yr changes in MT (β = 0.189, P = 0.031) and EI (β = −3.145, P = 0.045) but not in the body mass index, FT, or strength adjusted for potential confounders. The present findings suggest that greater PA has a positive effect on longitudinal changes in the MT and EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults. In addition, greater PA may contribute to a future decrease in EI, and an increase in EI may not occur in 4 yr, even in older adults with lesser PA. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results suggest that greater physical activity (PA) may mitigate future changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity (EI). A decrease in EI over 4 yr was observed in older adults with greater PA, and an increase in EI was not observed, even in older adults with smaller PA. Several cross-sectional studies demonstrated an increase in EI with aging. Additionally, the results of our longitudinal study suggest that an age-related increase in EI may be moderated after the old-age period.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL, FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY AND FALL RISK IN THE ELDERLY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raesa Andrade da Silva ◽  
Glaudson Sá Brandão ◽  
Anderson Soares Silva ◽  
Jessica Julioti Urbano ◽  
Ezequiel Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Low levels of physical activity and functional mobility lead to greater difficulty in performing activities of daily living and are directly proportional to mortality in the elderly. Thus, there are the need to create mechanisms linked to the maintenance of the functional capacity, which assure the elderly autonomy and self-confidence. Objective: To verify the level of physical activity and functional mobility in the elderly and if this functional mobility suffers interference of the age group and physical activity. Methods: The study involved the elderly aged 60 and over, living in Senhor do Bonfim (BA), in the northeastern region of Brazil, from February to July 2015. The evaluation of the subjects occurred in a single session, with physical and general clinical evaluation, as well as the collection of sociodemographic, anthropometric and self-reported morbidities through the application of questionnaires. It was also carried out the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) to verify the levels of functional mobility and level of physical activity with application of the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity (IPAQ) adapted for the elderly. Results: In this study, 127 patients were studied, predominantly female (87%) and mean age of 68 ± 7 years, and the majority of the elderly corresponded to the age group of 60 to 69 years. The elderly belonging to the group considered inactive (IPAQ up to 150 min/weekly) presented the execution time of TUG higher than the elderly in the group considered active (IPAQ > 150 min/weekly), with averaging time for carrying out the test of 10.5±2 minutes and 8.9±2 minutes respectively, with a statistically significant difference of p<0.01. And the execution time of TUG increased proportionally to the increase of the age group. Conclusion: Elderly with lower level of physical activity and belonging to the higher age groups present a higher risk of falls. Strategies should be developed to stimulate increased physical activity level and functional mobility of this population, especially among the older ones, reducing the incidence of falls and providing greater autonomy.

scholarly journals Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayane de Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Letícia Mendes de Freitas ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Scheicher
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Different Levels

The proportion of elderly people is growing worldwide and, with this, there is an increase of chronic-degenerative conditions such as impaired balance and falls. The physically active elderly tends to an improved response in muscle strength, flexibility and postural balance. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the grip strength and mobility of elderly people with different levels of physical activity. The sample consisted of 44 elderly with 60 years or more, both sexes, divided in: 18 elderly practicing volleyball adapted (AVG), 13 elderly practicing some physical activity (AG) and 13 sedentary elderly (SG). Grip strength was assessed by a hydraulic dynamometer and mobility through the test "Timed Up and Go" (TUG). Data were evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, to check normality. The comparison of the results of the three groups was performed by ANOVA with Tukey post-test, with p<0.05. The results showed that grip strength (p=0.008) and mobility (p=0.003) were better to AVG when compared to the other groups. It is suggested that the sports practice implement the gains in functional mobility and strength when compared to purely non-specific exercise and inactivity.

scholarly journals The use of a non-pedal tricycle to promote physical activity in nursing home residents: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Tatiane Calve ◽  
Ana Maria F. Barela
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Elderly Individuals

BACKGROUND: Elderly individuals living in nursing homes are usually inactive and do not seem motivated to engage in physical activity. Therefore, it is important to investigate new possibilities that enable them to be active in these environments. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of a protocol using a non-pedal tricycle in elderly individuals living in nursing homes and its effects on improving endurance, walking speed, and functional mobility. METHOD: Fourteen nursing home residents aged from 60 to 93 years were included in the study protocol. They were randomly allocated into two groups: control (CG) and intervention (IG). The CG kept their routine during the engagement in the study, and the IG, in addition to the routine, used a non-pedal tricycle to move around the nursing home twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants from both groups underwent the 6-minute walk, 10-meter walk, and timed-up and go tests, one week before the first practice session and one week after the last practice session provided to the IG. RESULTS: Before the intervention, there was no group difference in any test, and after the intervention, only IG participants presented an increase in walking distance and walking speed. Both groups did not change their time to conclude the timed-up and go test. CONCLUSION: The use of a non-pedal tricycle seems appropriate in stimulating physical activity in individuals living in nursing homes. Besides the motivation to move around, walking resistance and speed improved.

scholarly journals Physical activity profiles in Parkinson’s disease

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip von Rosen ◽  
Maria Hagströmer ◽  
Erika Franzén ◽  
Breiffni Leavy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Timed Up And Go

Abstract Background Identifying physical activity (PA) profiles of people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) could provide clinically meaningful knowledge concerning how to tailor PA interventions. Our objectives were therefore to i) identify distinct PA profiles in people with PD based on accelerometer data, ii) explore differences between the profiles regarding personal characteristics and physical function. Methods Accelerometer data from 301 participants (43% women, mean age: 71 years) was analysed using latent profile analyses of 15 derived PA variables. Physical function measurements included balance performance, comfortable gait speed and single and dual-task functional mobility. Results Three distinct profiles were identified; “Sedentary” (N = 68), “Light Movers” (N = 115), “Steady Movers” (N = 118). “Sedentary” included people with PD with high absolute and relative time spent in Sedentary behaviour (SB), little time light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and negligible moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). “Light Movers” were people with PD with values close to the mean for all activity variables. “Steady Movers” spent less time in SB during midday, and more time in LIPA and MVPA throughout the day, compared to the other profiles. “Sedentary” people had poorer balance (P = 0.006), poorer functional mobility (P = 0.027) and were more likely to have fallen previously (P = 0.027), compared to “Light Movers. The Timed Up and Go test, an easily performed clinical test of functional mobility, was the only test that could distinguish between all three profiles. Conclusion Distinct PA profiles, with clear differences in how the time awake is spent exist among people with mild-moderate PD.

scholarly journals Duration or Timing? What is the Optimal Core for Older Adults to Engage in Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity to Prevent Disability?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Yung Liao ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Wan-Chi Huang ◽  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Timed Up And Go

Abstract Background The positive association between the total duration of physical activity and performances of physical function may vary at different times of the day as circadian rhythm regulates individuals in response to external stimulations. We aimed to examine the association of timing-specific and overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with performances of physical function in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 118 older adults (mean age = 70.0 ± 5.0 years). We assessed and identified timing-specific (morning: 06:01-12:00; afternoon: 12:01-18:00; evening: 18:01-24:00) and overall MVPA using a triaxial accelerometer. Different measures of physical function were evaluated including handgrip strength (by grip dynamometer), gait speed (five-meter walk test), basic functional mobility (timed up and go test), and lower limb strength (five times sit-to-stand test). Multivariate linear regression models adjusting for covariates were used to investigate the associations. Results Participants spent 0.4 hours in MVPA per day on average, half the time spent during the morning (47.7%), followed by during the afternoon (29.9%) and evening (21.6%). The time spent on overall MVPA was generally associated with better physical function performances. There was statistical evidence for the percentages of MVPA engagement during the morning ( B = 0.214, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001 to 0.428) and afternoon ( B = -0.273, 95% CI -0.518 to -0.027) associated with basic functional mobility but with contrary directions; the percentage of MVPA engagement during the evening was associated with less time spent in gait speed performance ( B = -0.237, 95% CI -0.468 to -0.006). Conclusions Our findings inform implications that the overall MVPA engagement was more important than timing-specific MVPA to older adults’ physical function performances. Strategies for accumulating time of MVPA is more practical and effective than encouraging to engage MVPA in specific timing for the enhancement of functional ability and therefore prevent disability among older adults.

scholarly journals Multi-components exercise associated with dual task: Effects on physical functional performance and mobility of the older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Janine Carvalho Valentino Camargos ◽  
Milena Razuk ◽  
Kathisuellen Reis Assis ◽  
Alex Tomé ◽  
Natalia Madalena Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Physical Functional Performance ◽  
Training Protocol

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the effect of dual task in a training protocol in the components of physical Functional Performance and mobility of older adults Methods: Thirty older adults (twenty-three female and seven males; 66.48 ±3.85 years) were distributed into three randomized groups: Multi-component physical activity group (MC), Dual Task Group (DT) and Control Group (CG). Participants were assessed before training and after 12 weeks of training with the following tests: Mini Mental State Examination, for evaluation of cognitive functions, AAHPERD test battery - American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, for evaluation of five physical Functional Performance components, Timed Up and Go, for evaluation of functional mobility and The Baecke Questionnaire to assess the level of physical activity. Both MC and DT groups performed the same multi-components training protocol, however DT group performed simultaneously with a second cognitive task. Results: The groups that performed the training protocol improved some aspects of physical Functional Performance and mobility compared to the CG (p < 0.01). No difference was found between the DT and MC groups. Conclusion: Performing two simultaneous tasks in a training protocol does not seem to influence the functional capacity and mobility.Keywords: dual task training, multi-components training, physical functional performance

scholarly journals Relation between functional mobility and muscle strength of the elderly in a public physical activities program

2021 ◽  
pp. 47886-47889
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs

Objective: to verify the relationship between functional mobility and muscle strength in a group of elderly people participating in a public program of physical activities, called “Programa Mexa-se”, in the Joinville/SC city. Methods: This was a quantitative, correlational descriptive study, carried out in a non-probabilistic, intentional type. Included a random sample of 42 elderly people (27 women and 15 men), aged between 60 and 75 years, to whom two balance tests were applied: the Sit and Stand Test (TSL) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). The elderly also answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic factors, health and physical activity. Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05) relationships were found for TUGT, evidencing that there is astatistically significant correlation between TUGT and TSL (p <0.022). Regarding the values obtained for TSL with TVM, it also observeda significant correlation (p <0.000), as well as toTUGT and TVM (p <0.003). Conclusion: This study showeda correlation between the functional mobility of the elderly through TSL and TVM tests result. Alsodemonstrated that the group participating in the program had positive resultsregarding the level of physical activity practiced. This results indicates the importance of optimization in the prevention and rehabilitation programs for the elderly, to maintain the functional mobility of elderly community members and reduce the body mass index.

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