scholarly journals Comparison of a Thigh-Worn Accelerometer Algorithm With Diary Estimates of Time in Bed and Time Asleep: The 1970 British Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Elif Inan-Eroglu ◽  
Bo-Huei Huang ◽  
Leah Shepherd ◽  
Natalie Pearson ◽  
Annemarie Koster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
British Cohort Study

Background: Thigh-worn accelerometers have established reliability and validity for measurement of free-living physical activity-related behaviors. However, comparisons of methods for measuring sleep and time in bed using the thigh-worn accelerometer are rare. The authors compared the thigh-worn accelerometer algorithm that estimates time in bed with the output of a sleep diary (time in bed and time asleep). Methods: Participants (N = 5,498), from the 1970 British Cohort Study, wore an activPAL device on their thigh continuously for 7 days and completed a sleep diary. Bland–Altman plots and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine associations between the algorithm derived and diary time in bed and asleep. Results: The algorithm estimated acceptable levels of agreement with time in bed when compared with diary time in bed (mean bias of −11.4 min; limits of agreement −264.6 to 241.8). The algorithm-derived time in bed overestimated diary sleep time (mean bias of 55.2 min; limits of agreement −204.5 to 314.8 min). Algorithm and sleep diary are reasonably correlated (ρ = .48, 95% confidence interval [.45, .52] for women and ρ = .51, 95% confidence interval [.47, .55] for men) and provide broadly comparable estimates of time in bed but not for sleep time. Conclusions: The algorithm showed acceptable estimates of time in bed compared with diary at the group level. However, about half of the participants were outside of the ±30 min difference of a clinically relevant limit at an individual level.

scholarly journals 286 Pilot Sleep During Brazil-to-China COVID-19 Humanitarian Mission Flights Compared to Biomathematical Predictions of Sleep

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A114-A115
Author(s):  
Jaime Devine ◽  
Caio Garcia ◽  
Audrey Simoes ◽  
Jake Choynowski ◽  
Marina Guelere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Scheduling Tool

Abstract Introduction n response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Azul Airlines organized and conducted five separate humanitarian missions to China between May and July, 2020. Each mission consisted of 4 flight legs between 11-15 hours long crewed by a team of 8 pilots. Each pilot was given a 9-hour sleep opportunity during the flight period. Prior to conducting the missions, a sleep-prediction algorithm (AutoSleep) within the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) model Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool (FAST) was used to predict in-flight time in bed (TIB) and total sleep time (TST). During missions, pilots wore a wrist actigraph and completed a sleep diary. These analyses compare the accuracy of SAFTE-FAST AutoSleep predictions against pilots’ sleep diary and actigraphy from Azul’s COVID-19 humanitarian missions. Methods Pilots wore a sleep-tracking actigraphy device (Zulu Watch, Institutes for Behavior Resources), and reported the TIB and sleep quality of their in-flight rest periods using a sleep diary. Diary TST was estimated from TIB and sleep quality. AutoSleep, diary, and actigraphy measures were compared using paired samples t-tests. Agreement was compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results Twenty (n=20) pilots flying across 5 humanitarian missions provided sleep diary and actigraphy data. AutoSleep predictions of TIB (235±20 minutes) and TST (193±16 minutes) were significantly lower than diary (TIB: 330±123, t=6.80, p≤0.001; TST: 262±108, t=5.60, p≤0.001) and comparable to actigraphy (TIB: 246±127, t=0.78, p=0.43; TST: 212±113, t=1.59, p=0.12). ICC values were >0.90, indicating excellent agreement, for TIB (0.94) and TST (0.91). Conclusion Biomathematical predictions of in-flight sleep during unprecedented humanitarian missions were in agreement with actual sleep patterns during flights. These findings indicate that biomathematical models may retain accuracy even under extreme circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic. Pilots may overestimate the amount of sleep that they receive during extreme flights-duty periods, which could constitute a fatigue risk. Support (if any) NA

The Nasal Width and Boxiness Index: Introduction and Pilot Study on Reliability and Validity of Sonographic Morphometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
Ralph Litschel ◽  
Abel-Jan Tasman
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Nasal Dorsum ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Lay Persons

AbstractBoth intended and unintended surgical modifications of nasal width and shape of the nasal tip continue to be of interest to the rhinoplasty surgeon. As validated instruments for quantifying width and boxiness are lacking, the objective of this study was to introduce a width index and a boxiness index for the nasal dorsum and the nasal tip. A width index and a boxiness index were defined within the methodological limits of noncontact sonography. The reliability of both indices was studied by comparing the measurements of two examiners on the noses of five volunteers. The validity of the indices was studied by correlating the sonographic width and boxiness with the 5-point Likert scale ratings of photographs of 5 noses by 21 lay persons. Nasal width was defined as the diameter at a distance of 5 mm from the skin surface on a sonographic cross-section perpendicular to the skin surface. Boxiness was defined as the quotient of width at a depth of 1 and 5 mm. Bland–Altmann analysis revealed negligible bias between both examiners and 95% of limits of agreement of 13, 7, and 13% for width at 1 mm, width at 5 mm, and boxiness, respectively. Corresponding Pearson's correlation coefficients were r = 0.93, r = 0.93, and r = 0.71. The correlation between the cumulative lay persons' scores and sonographic width and boxiness were r = 0.97, r = 0.66, and r = 0.81 for nasal tip width, dorsal width, and boxiness, respectively. Both the width at a depth of 5 mm as measured with sonography and the boxiness index that is defined as width at a depth of 1 mm divided by the width at a depth of 5 mm may prove to be acceptable surrogate parameters for width and boxiness of the nose in comparative morphometric studies.

scholarly journals Nonpaternity and Half-Siblingships as Objective Measures of Extramarital Sex: Mathematical Modeling and Simulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Omori ◽  
Nico Nagelkerke ◽  
Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Extramarital Sex ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background. Understanding the epidemiology of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) requires knowledge of sexual behavior, but self-reported behavior has limitations. We explored the reliability and validity of nonpaternity and half-siblings ratios as biomarkers of current and past extramarital sex. Methods. An individual-based Monte Carlo simulation model was constructed to describe partnering and conception in human populations with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The model was parameterized with representative biological, behavioral, and demographic data. Results. Nonpaternity and half-siblings ratios were strongly correlated with extramarital sex, with Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.71–0.86) and 0.77 (0.68–0.84), respectively. Age-specific nonpaternity ratios correlated with past extramarital sex at time of conception for different scenarios: for example, PCC, after smoothing by moving averages, was 0.75 (0.52–0.89) in a scenario of steadily decreasing nonmarital sex and 0.39 (0.01–0.73) in a scenario of transient drops in nonmarital sex. Simulations assuming self-reported levels of extramarital sex from Kenya yielded nonpaternity levels lower than global nonpaternity data, suggesting sizable underreporting of extramarital sex. Conclusions. Nonpaternity and half-siblings ratios are useful objective measures of extramarital sex that avoid limitations in self-reported sexual behavior.

scholarly journals The Patient’s Denture Assessment (Thai version) is a Valid and Reliable Tool for Evaluating Complete Denture Treatment and Success.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahaprom Namano ◽  
Orapin Komin
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Geriatric Dentistry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Denture Treatment

Abstract BACKGROUND. Complete tooth losses are still being major problems which resulted in lesser quality of life especially for elderly patients. However, there are still lack of questionnaire to evaluate the treatment outcome from the patient’s aspect. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Patient’s Denture Assessment-Thai version (PDA-T), then use this questionnaire to assess patient satisfaction with complete denture treatment. METHODS. The subjects comprised 120 edentulous adult patients (49 men/71 women; average age 70 years-old) from the Prosthodontic and the Geriatric Dentistry and Special Patients Care Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University during 2019 March‒2020 March. The patients were divided into two groups: The group experienced (Exper) (n=54) with wearing complete dentures, and the non-experienced (NonExper) group (n=66). The patients used the validated PDA-T to self-assess their treatment at different times. The Exper group completed the questionnaire at t 0 (during treatment), t 0.5 (2‒8-weeks after t 0 ), and t 1 (final follow-up). The NonExper group completed the questionnaire only at t 1 . RESULTS. In the Exper group, Cronbach’s α and average inter-item correlation was 0.95 (range 0.76‒0.95) and 0.47 (range 0.57‒0.83), respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients (n = 18, 95% confidence interval) were 0.98 overall. The paired t-test (p < 0.05) between t 0 and t 1 indicated a significant difference between t 0 and t 1 in every PDA-T topic, and the effect size was 1.71. In the NonExper group, the Pearson correlation analysis indicated no significant correlation between the patients' demographics and masticatory function. CONCLUSIONS. The reliability and validity of the PDA-T indicate it is a valuable tool for evaluating complete denture treatment. Treatment success affected the patients' satisfaction, but was not associated with the patients’ prior denture experience, sex, or educational level.

Evaluation of a Patient Experience Tool in Dietetic Practice: Validation and Clinical Usage of the Assessment of Registered Dietitian Care Survey (ARCS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Allison Fielding ◽  
Lorian M. Taylor ◽  
Stephanie Moriartey ◽  
Janet Stadynk
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Registered Dietitian ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Validity Indices ◽  
Care Survey

Purpose: The study aim was to evaluate a patient experience survey, the Assessment of Registered Dietitian Care Survey (ARCS), that is aligned with a nutrition counselling approach (NCA) and evidence-based chronic disease care for use in outpatient registered dietitian (RD) practice. Methods: Criterion and construct validity were examined using Pearson correlation coefficients and principal components analyses, respectively. Reliability was examined using Pearson correlations and Cronbach’s α. Acceptability was evaluated by survey response rate and readability. Kruskall–Wallis test was used to detect differences between RD scores. Results: A total of 479 survey packages were returned (46% response rate). Criterion validity indices were high (r = 0.91 and 0.94, P < 0.001) between Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) and NCA subscales, respectively, and lower with overall patient satisfaction (r = 0.63–0.65, P < 0.001). Construct validity revealed 2 factors for PACIC and NCA subscales. There was high internal reliability for the PACIC, 5As, and NCA (Cronbach’s α > 0.7) and test–retest reliability showed an adequate consistency over time (r = 0.70, P < 0.05). The tool was able to detect differences in scores between RDs (P < 0.05). Conclusions: More research is warranted to explore ceiling effects and sensitivity to intervention in similar practice settings. The NCA subscale has acceptable reliability and validity to measure patient experience of RD care.

scholarly journals FFQ for the adult population of the capital of Ecuador (FFQ-Quito): development, reliability and validity

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2540-2549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M Silva-Jaramillo ◽  
Marilda B Neutzling ◽  
Michele Drehmer
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Relative Validity

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the reliability and validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ designed to evaluate the usual nutrient intake of adults in Quito, Ecuador.DesignDietary data using 24 h recalls (24hR) were used to design a list of commonly consumed foods. The relative validity of a 111-item FFQ was evaluated by comparing nutrient intakes against three non-consecutive 24hR. All nutrients were energy-adjusted. Reliability was assessed using two FFQ (FFQ1 and FFQ2) and assessed by the intra-class correlation coefficient. The comparisons between the FFQ and the 24hR were assessed by the de-attenuated Pearson correlation coefficient, weighted kappa and by Bland–Altman plots.SettingQuito, Ecuador.SubjectsOverall, 345 adults were enrolled in the present study. Two hundred and fifty participated in FFQ development and ninety-five participated in the FFQ validity and reliability.ResultsThe FFQ produced higher energy and nutrient intakes. Reliability correlation coefficients after adjusting for energy ranged from 0·62 to 0·88 for protein and Ca, respectively. For the validity study, energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlation coefficients between the questionnaire and the 24hR ranged from 0·21 for fat to 0·65 for Ca. Only 4 % of the participants were grossly misclassified and 46 % had weighted kappa higher than 0·42. The Bland–Altman plot showed a constant bias with a tendency to increase according to the intake level.ConclusionsThe FFQ showed reasonably good relative validity and reliable measurements, especially for nutrients considered protective and risk markers of non-communicable disease, and can be used to assess usual nutrient intake in this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and early-life determinants of mid-life multimorbidity: evidence from the 1970 British birth cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Gondek ◽  
David Bann ◽  
Matt Brown ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Alice Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
British Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background We sought to: [1] estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity at age 46–48 in the 1970 British Cohort Study—a nationally representative sample in mid-life; and [2] examine the association between early-life characteristics and mid-life multimorbidity. Method A prospective longitudinal birth cohort of a community-based sample from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). Participants included all surviving children born in mainland Britain in a single week in April 1970; the analytical sample included those with valid data at age 46–48 (n = 7951; 2016–2018). The main outcome was multimorbidity, which was operationalised as a binary indicator of two or more long-term health conditions where at least one of these conditions was of physical health. It also included symptom complexes (e.g., chronic pain), sensory impairments, and alcohol problems. Results Prevalence of mid-life multimorbidity was 33.8% at age 46–48. Those with fathers from unskilled social occupational class (vs professional) at birth had 43% higher risk of mid-life multimorbidity (risk ratio = 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.77). After accounting for potential child and family confounding, an additional kilogram of birthweight was associated with 10% reduced risk of multimorbidity (risk ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.84 to 0.96); a decrease of one body mass index point at age 10 was associated with 3% lower risk (risk ratio = 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.05); one standard deviation higher cognitive ability score at age 10 corresponded to 4% lower risk (risk ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.00); an increase of one internalising problem at age 16 was equated with 4% higher risk (risk ratio = 1.04, 95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.08) and of one externalising problem at age 16 with 6% higher risk (risk ratio = 1.06, 1.03 to 1.09). Conclusion Prevalence of multimorbidity was high in mid-life (33.8% at age 46–48) in Britain. Potentially modifiable early-life exposures, including early-life social circumstances, cognitive, physical and emotional development, were associated with elevated risk of mid-life multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and early-life determinants of mid-life multimorbidity: evidence from the 1970 British birth cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Gondek ◽  
David Bann ◽  
Matt Brown ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Alice Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
List Type ◽  
British Cohort Study ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to: (1) estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity at age 46-48 in the 1970 British Cohort Study—a nationally representative sample in mid-life; and (2) examine the association between early-life characteristics and mid-life multimorbidity in the 1970 British Cohort Study.DesignProspective longitudinal birth cohort.SettingA community based sample from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70).ParticipantsAll surviving children born in mainland Britain in a single week in April 1970; the analytical sample was those with valid data at age 46-48 (n=7,951; 2016-2018).Main outcome measureMultimorbidity was operationalised as a binary indicator of two or more long-term health conditions where at least one of these conditions was of physical health. It also included symptom complexes (e.g. chronic pain), sensory impairments, and alcohol problems.ResultsPrevalence of mid-life multimorbidity was 33.8% at age 46-48. Those with fathers from unskilled social occupational class (vs. professional) at birth had 43% higher risk of mid-life multimorbidity (risk ratio=1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.70). After accounting for a range of potential child and family confounders, an additional kilogram of birthweight was associated with 10% reduced risk of multimorbidity (risk ratio=0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.84 to 0.96); a decrease of one body mass index point at age 10 was associated with 3% lower risk (risk ratio=1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.05); one standard deviation higher cognitive ability score at age 10 corresponded to 4% lower risk (risk ratio=0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.00); an increase of one internalising problem at age 16 was equated with 4% higher risk (risk ratio=1.04, 95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.08) and of one externalising problem at age 16 with 6% higher risk (risk ratio=1.06, 1.03 to 1.09).ConclusionPrevalence of multimorbidity was high in mid-life (33.8% at age 46-48) in Britain, with those in a more disadvantaged social class a birth being disproportionally affected. Potentially modifiable early-life exposures including early-life social circumstances, cognitive, physical and emotional development were associated with mid-life multimorbidity.What is already known on this topic?Due to differences in outcome definition, estimates of multimorbidity prevalence in mid-life (age 40-60) have varied extensively in high-income countries—from 15 to 80% between 1961 and 2013.There is a lack of contemporary national data in Great Britain describing the burden and nature of multimorbidity according to an agreed definition.The association between early-life risk factors and individual health conditions have been widely studied, however it is unknown if they are associated with multimorbidity.What this study addsPrevalence of multimorbidity in mid-life (age 46-48) was 33.8% in a nationally representative birth cohort in 2016-2018.Disadvantaged early-life parental social class, lower birthweight, lower cognitive ability, higher childhood body-mass index, and a higher number of internalising and externalising problems were found to be associated with a higher mid-life multimorbidity.

262 Comparing Two Methods for Scoring Wrist Actigraphy to Polysomnography for Estimating Total Sleep Time in Healthy Men

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A105-A105
Author(s):  
Emma Tussey ◽  
Corey Rynders ◽  
Christine Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Rest Intervals

Abstract Introduction This analysis assessed whether manually setting rest (i.e., time in bed) intervals prior to using a proprietary software package (Actiware, version 6.09) to analyze wrist actigraphy data improved estimates of total sleep time (TST) compared to polysomnography (PSG). Methods The Phillips Actiwatch 2 and PSG (reference method) were used to calculate TST on two separate nights in twelve men (age=28.3 ± 5.7). Participants had an 8-hour sleep opportunity on night one and a 5-hour sleep opportunity and on night two. Estimates of TST from actigraphy data were calculated using two scoring methods. For scoring method 1, we allowed the software to automatically choose rest intervals and then applied a proprietary algorithm to calculate TST. For scoring method 2, we manually entered rest intervals using a published decision tree that incorporates activity, light, event marker, and sleep diary data. After the rest intervals were set in method 2, the proprietary algorithm was applied to calculate TST. Mean bias and limits of agreement (LOA) from Bland-Altman plots compared TST derived from both actigraphy scoring methods to PSG estimates. Results On night 1 (n=8) TST measured by PSG was 398.4 ± 40.6 minutes, compared to 395.5 ± 70.9 minutes using actigraphy scoring method 1 and 396 ± 44.5 minutes using scoring method 2. Mean bias was similar when comparing both scoring methods to PSG, but the LOA were wider in method 1 compared to method 2 (method 1 vs. PSG: -2.9 [-110.4, 104.7]; method 2 vs. PSG: -2.4 [-66.5, 61.7]; minutes). On night 2 (n=12) TST determined by PSG was 283.3 ± 11.2 minutes, compared to 302.1 ± 84.4 minutes using actigraphy scoring method 1 and 273.1 ± 14.5 minutes using scoring method 2. Again, LOA for TST estimated by actigraphy scoring method 1 were wider compared to scoring method number 2 (method 1 vs. PSG: 18.8 [-136.9, 174.6]; method 2 vs. PSG: -10.2 [-35.1, 14.8]). Conclusion These data demonstrate that applying a decision tree to manually set time in bed intervals prior to running analyses in the software results in better agreement when estimating TST from wrist actigraphy compared to PSG. Support (if any) UL1RR025780, K23AR070275.

scholarly journals Low 10-year reproducibility of glycaemic index and glycaemic load in a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Mullie ◽  
Benedicte Deforche ◽  
Evelien Mertens ◽  
Ruben Charlier ◽  
Sara Knaeps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Glycaemic Load

AbstractWhen relating glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) to health outcomes, many prospective cohort studies assess the nutritional exposure only once in time, that is, at the start of the study, presuming a stability in nutritional consumption during the course of the study. The aim of this study is to investigate the reproducibility of GI and GL. This is a prospective cohort study in which 562 middle-aged Belgian adults noted all foods and drinks consumed during 3 d in 2002 and 2012. GI and GL were calculated after reference tables. The Pearson correlation coefficients between 2002 and 2012 were 0·27 for GI and 0·41 for GL. For GI, 33 % of the participants remained in the same quintile between 2002 and 2012, whereas 31 % moved to a non-adjacent quintile. For GL, this was 34 and 28 %, respectively. The lowest and the highest quintiles of GI were the most stable, with 40 and 44 % of the participants staying in the same quintile. This was only 22 % for the fourth quintile. The same tendency was present for GL – that is, the most extreme quintiles were the most stable. This study shows 10-year correlation coefficients for GI and GL below 0·50. Multiple nutritional assessments and limiting the analysis to the extreme quintiles of GI and GL will limit a possible misclassification in the prospective cohort studies owing to the low reproducibility.

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