Range of Yoga Intensities From Savasana to Sweating: A Systematic Review

Background: There is limited research examining the intensity of yoga and intensity variations between different styles. The purpose of this review is to examine the intensity of yoga based on different physiologic responses both between different yoga styles and within styles of yoga. Methods: Articles were searched for on the PubMed database in early 2019. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) written in English, (2) cite a specific style of yoga and include whole yoga session, and (3) measure metabolic or heart rate response. Results: Ten articles were reviewed; articles reported oxygen consumption (n = 1), heart rate (n = 4), or both variables (n = 5). Yoga styles assessed included ashtanga (n = 2), Bikram (n = 3), gentle (n = 1), hatha (n = 3), Iyengar (n = 1), power (n = 1), and vinyasa (n = 1). Oxygen consumption commonly categorized yoga as a light-intensity activity, while heart rate responses classified different yoga into multiple intensities. Conclusion: This review demonstrates that large differences in intensity classifications are observed between different styles of yoga. Furthermore, metabolic and heart rate responses can be variable, leading to inconsistent intensity classifications. This is likely due to their nonlinear relationship during yoga. Thus, it is imperative that the field of yoga research works together to create a standard for reporting yoga.

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Therapeutic dilemmas regarding giant aneurysms of the intracranial vertebral artery causing medulla oblongata compression

The Neuroradiology Journal ◽

10.1177/19714009211042881 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 197140092110428

Author(s):

Kun Hou ◽

Lai Qu ◽

Jinlu Yu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Conservative Treatment ◽

Vertebral Artery ◽

English Literature ◽

Aggressive Treatment ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cerebrovascular Lesions ◽

Giant Aneurysms ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Removal Group

Background Giant aneurysms of the intracranial vertebral artery are very rare cerebrovascular lesions. Due to the rarity of these aneurysms, we know little about them. Methods We performed a systematic review of the English literature by searching the PubMed database. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) the full text was available and (b) complete clinical data were available. Results A total of 45 articles were identified, containing 53 patients (53 aneurysms). The patients were aged from 5 to 77 years (48.8 ± 20.8 years). Four patients receiving conservative treatment died. The remaining 49 patients were divided into the aneurysm removal group ( n = 17) and the aneurysm reserve group ( n = 32). The outcomes of the 49 treated cases could be obtained in 45 cases, 31 of which (68.9%, 31/45) had a Glasgow outcome scale score of 4–5. Conclusions It is still difficult to treat intracranial giant vertebral artery aneurysms, regardless of the treatment selected. Because of the malignant natural history, aggressive treatment is still advocated.

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A systematic review of physical fitness, physiological demands and biomechanical performance in equestrian athletes

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep12003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J.-L. Douglas ◽

M. Price ◽

D.M. Peters

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Future Research ◽

Search Term ◽

Physiological Factor ◽

Horse Riding ◽

Physiological Demands

This article presents a systematic review of the literature investigating physical fitness, physiological demands and biomechanical performance in equestrian athletes. Three databases (SportsDiscus, CAB abstracts and PubMed) were searched to identify the literature. The main search term of ‘horse-riding’ was combined with eleven specific keywords (‘fitness’, ‘physiology’, ‘biomechanics’, ‘equestrian’, ‘athlete’, ‘co-ordination’, ‘heart rate’, ‘oxygen consumption’ ‘kinematic’ ‘EMG’ and ‘skill’). Exclusion criteria were: conference proceedings, abstracts, theses, and non-peer reviewed articles. Subsequently, 15 peer-reviewed papers were identified and included within this review. The main research findings are that as a horse progresses through the gaits (walk, trot and canter), the rider's heart rate and oxygen consumption increase. The causal physiological factor at present is thought to be higher levels of tonic muscular contraction particularly of the trunk, which in elite equestrians achieves a more controlled upright trunk position, compared to their novice counterparts. It is the faster gaits, and jumping that require the rider to adopt a ‘forwards’ riding position that necessitates weight bearing to be through the rider's legs, as opposed to a seated position, where weight bearing is predominantly through the pelvis. It is apparent that these ‘forward position’ modes of riding significantly increase metabolic cost and result in elevated levels of blood lactate, thus implying that they incorporate some anaerobic demand. Due to the paucity of literature available for review and particularly that which incorporates data obtained from ‘competitive’ performances, future research should attempt to prioritise investigations in competitive in addition to simulated riding environments. Only when further physiological and biomechanical data are available from a greater range of equestrian disciplines and from a range of level of athletes, will the demands of these sports be more clearly understood. Until such time, the development of evidence-based sport specific and potentially performance enhancing rider strength and conditioning programmes cannot be realised.

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Comparison of Oxygen Consumption and Heart Rate Response to Exercise on Land Versus Water Treadmill

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000274917.91335.d9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 39 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S483

Author(s):

Elizabeth S. Greene ◽

Nicholas P. Greene ◽

Brent E. Hansen ◽

Gregory S. Miller ◽

April Muller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Heart Rate Response ◽

Water Treadmill ◽

Response To Exercise

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Reflective Case Discussion (RCD) for Nurses : A Systematic Review

STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN ◽

10.30994/sjik.v9i2.306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 332-337

Author(s):

Haeril Amir ◽

Sudarman Sudarman

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Synthetic Data ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Flow Diagram ◽

Research Articles ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Case Discussion ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Double Publication

The aim of this study was to determine the benefits of RCD on nurses themselves, this literature through identification from the Pubmed database, Science direct and online wiley, use the keywords 'Reflection' and 'Case' and 'Nursing'. The method of searching articles uses PICOT technique, Prism Flow diagram, abstraction and synthetic data. Through fulltext screening, double publication and eligibility, 455 research articles were found. The next step is to screen through the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria so that the final result of the article found is 4 articles. Articles have a lot to explain about the benefits RCD for nurses, RCD can add to the knowledge of nurses, minimize the gap theory and practice so that errors can be resolved. Literature is also finding benefits RCD on nurses is increasing the professionalism of the work and cooperation among fellow colleagues. Implementation of the RCD environment of clinical very ber benefits

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Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56110606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (11) ◽

pp. 606

Author(s):

Federico Giuseppe Patanè ◽

Aldo Liberto ◽

Andreana Nicoletta Maria Maglitto ◽

Pasquale Malandrino ◽

Massimiliano Esposito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Side Effects ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

English Language ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Nandrolone Decanoate ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Study Results

Background and Objectives: Androgens play a significant role in the development of male reproductive organs. The clinical use of synthetic testosterone derivatives, such as nandrolone, is focused on maximizing the anabolic effects and minimizing the androgenic ones. Class II anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), including nandrolone, are rapidly becoming a widespread group of drugs used both clinically and illicitly. The illicit use of AAS is diffused among adolescent and bodybuilders because of their anabolic proprieties and their capacity to increase tolerance to exercise. This systematic review aims to focus on side effects related to illicit AAS abuse, evaluating the scientific literature in order to underline the most frequent side effects on AAS abusers’ bodies. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was performed using the PubMed database and the keywords “nandrolone decanoate”. The inclusion criteria for articles or abstracts were English language and the presence of the following words: “abuse” or “adverse effects”. After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, from a total of 766 articles, only 148 were considered eligible for the study. Results: The most reported adverse effects (found in more than 5% of the studies) were endocrine effects (18 studies, 42%), such as virilization, gynecomastia, hormonal disorders, dyslipidemia, genital alterations, and infertility; cardiovascular dysfunctions (six studies, 14%) such as vascular damage, coagulation disorders, and arteriosus hypertension; skin disorders (five studies, 12%) such as pricking, acne, and skin spots; psychiatric and mood disorders (four studies, 9%) such as aggressiveness, sleep disorders and anxiety; musculoskeletal disorders (two studies, 5%), excretory disorders (two studies, 5%), and gastrointestinal disorders (two studies, 5%). Conclusions: Based on the result of our study, the most common adverse effects secondary to the abuse of nandrolone decanoate (ND) involve the endocrine, cardiovascular, skin, and psychiatric systems. These data could prove useful to healthcare professionals in both sports and clinical settings.

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Mechanical Outcomes, Microleakage, and Marginal Accuracy at the Implant-Abutment Interface of Original versus Nonoriginal Implant Abutments: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/2958982 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marco Tallarico ◽

Joseph Fiorellini ◽

Yasushi Nakajima ◽

Yuki Omori ◽

Iida Takahisa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Third Party ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Implant Abutments ◽

Implant Abutment

Purpose. Instead of original abutments, compatible abutments are often selected for financial reasons. The present study aimed to evaluate mechanical outcomes, microleakage, and marginal accuracy at the implant-abutment interface of original versus nonoriginal implant abutments. Study Selection. Search strategy encompassed literature from 1967 up to March 2017 to identify relevant studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The following electronic databases were consulted: PubMed database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, Embase (Excerpta Medica dataBASE), and the Grey Literature Database (New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report). Quality assessment of the full-text articles selected was performed. Abutments were classified in original (produced by the same implant manufacturer), nonoriginal certified (produced by a third-party milling center, certified by implant companies), and nonoriginal compatible (produced by a third-party milling center for similar connections). Results. A total of 16 articles fulfilled inclusion criteria and quality assessment and were selected for the qualitative analysis. All of the included studies were in vitro research with high or moderate risk of bias and reported data from 653 implant abutments. Original and nonoriginal certified abutments showed better results in terms of mechanical outcomes, microleakage, and marginal accuracy compared to nonoriginal compatible abutments. Conclusions. Following the clear warnings coming from the present systematic review, clinical suggestions regarding the effect of a nonoriginal abutment can be drawn. However, in vivo, long-term, randomized controlled trials are needed to provide definitive clinical conclusion about the long-term clinical outcomes of original and nonoriginal abutments.

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The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Drug Response: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2021.698825 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Samantha W. Jones ◽

Amy L. Ball ◽

Amy E. Chadwick ◽

Ana Alfirevic

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Drug Response ◽

Drug Efficacy ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Mtdna Variation ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Mtdna Variants ◽

The Impact

Background: The triad of drug efficacy, toxicity and resistance underpins the risk-benefit balance of all therapeutics. The application of pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve the risk-benefit balance of a given therapeutic via the stratification of patient populations based on DNA variants. A growth in the understanding of the particulars of the mitochondrial genome, alongside the availability of techniques for its interrogation has resulted in a growing body of literature examining the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation upon drug response.Objective: To critically evaluate and summarize the available literature, across a defined period, in a systematic fashion in order to map out the current landscape of the subject area and identify how the field may continue to advance.Methods: A systematic review of the literature published between January 2009 and December 2020 was conducted using the PubMed database with the following key inclusion criteria: reference to specific mtDNA polymorphisms or haplogroups, a core objective to examine associations between mtDNA variants and drug response, and research performed using human subjects or human in vitro models.Results: Review of the literature identified 24 articles reporting an investigation of the association between mtDNA variant(s) and drug efficacy, toxicity or resistance that met the key inclusion criteria. This included 10 articles examining mtDNA variations associated with antiretroviral therapy response, 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with anticancer agent response and 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with antimicrobial agent response. The remaining articles covered a wide breadth of medications and were therefore grouped together and referred to as “other.”Conclusions: Investigation of the impact of mtDNA variation upon drug response has been sporadic to-date. Collective assessment of the associations identified in the articles was inconclusive due to heterogeneous methods and outcomes, limited racial/ethnic groups, lack of replication and inadequate statistical power. There remains a high degree of idiosyncrasy in drug response and this area has the potential to explain variation in drug response in a clinical setting, therefore further research is likely to be of clinical benefit.

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Biomarkers for Prognosis in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Endocrine Related Cancer ◽

10.1530/erc-21-0075 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mojun Zhu ◽

Karl R. Sorenson ◽

Rebecca Liu ◽

Bonnie E. Gould Rothberg ◽

Thorvardur R Halfdanarson

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Tumor Marker ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Histological Heterogeneity ◽

Reporting Recommendations

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) encompass a diverse group of malignancies marked by histological heterogeneity and highly variable clinical outcomes. We performed a systematic review on potential prognostic biomarkers in PNETs by searching the PubMed database. A total of 472 manuscripts were reviewed in detail and 52 multivariate studies met the inclusion criteria proposed by the Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies (REMARK). These altogether analyzed 53 unique targets and 36 of them were statistically associated with survival.

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Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Wound Care ◽

10.12968/jowc.2021.30.12.1012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1012-1019

Author(s):

Khosrow S Houschyar ◽

Christian Tapking ◽

Mimi R Borrelli ◽

Behrus Puladi ◽

Mark Ooms ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Johnson Syndrome ◽

Pubmed Database

Objective: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare and severe skin and mucosal reactions that are associated with high mortality. Despite the severity, an evidence-based treatment protocol for SJS/TEN is still lacking. Method: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the PubMed database was searched using the following terms: [Stevens–Johnson syndrome] OR [toxic epidermal necrolysis] AND [therapy] OR [treatment] over a 20-year period (1999–2019) in the German and English language. All clinical studies reporting on the treatment of SJS/TEN were included, and epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of treatment were analysed. A meta-analysis was conducted on all comparative clinical studies that met the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 88 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes in 2647 patients. Treatment was either supportive or used systemic corticosteroid, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, cyclosporine, thalidomide or cyclophosphamide therapy. The meta-analysis included 16 (18%) studies, reporting outcomes in 976 (37%) patients. Systemic glucocorticoids showed a survival benefit for SJS/TEN patients in all analyses compared with other forms of treatment. Cyclosporine treatment also showed promising results, despite being used in a small cohort of patients. No beneficial effects on mortality could be demonstrated for intravenous immunoglobulins. Conclusion: Glucocorticoids and cyclosporine may be tentatively recommended as the most promising immunomodulatory therapies for SJS/TEN, but these results should be investigated in future prospective controlled trials.

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