Club Sport Legal Liability Practices at NIRSA Institutions

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Schneider ◽  
William F. Stier ◽  
Stephen Kampf ◽  
Brady Gaskins ◽  
Scott G. Haines
Keyword(s):  
Legal Liability ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Sport Team ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Private Transportation ◽  
Sport Programs ◽  
Club Sport

Current legal practices in collegiate club sport programs were studied. A 23-item questionnaire consisting primarily of close-ended questions was mailed to 563 campus recreation directors representing all six National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) regions. Data obtained showed that mean club sport budgets ranged from $51,657 in Region 4 to $135,657 in Region 6, with an overall mean of $69,138 across all regions. Signing a waiver before participating was required by 91% of the directors. Lack of consistency in waiver language and font size was reported. Only 9% of campus recreation directors always require that an institutional employee travel with a club sport team. The most frequent modes of approved travel for club sport participants were students driving personal cars (94%), renting vans from outside vendors (95%), and the use of private transportation such as a chartered bus (70%). Paid coaches were used by 15% of the directors.

Title IX and Campus Recreation: Guidelines to Increase Gender Equity in Club and Intramural Sport Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-151
Author(s):  
Jacqueline McDowell ◽  
Robyn Deterding ◽  
Terrence Elmore ◽  
Edward Morford ◽  
Erin Morris
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Club Sports ◽  
Intramural Sport ◽  
Sport Programs ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletic Programs

Title IX legislation seeks to prevent sex discrimination in club and intramural recreational activities; yet guidance to encourage compliance with the law is limited. Hence the purpose of this investigation was to critically assess the applicability of Title IX athletic guidance and advance gender equity guidelines specific to intramural and club sports. Campus recreation directors from six NIRSA regions were sent an online survey with recommended gender equity guidelines. Eighty-two directors appraised the guidelines in relation to their effectiveness in evaluating gender equity in intramural and club sport programs. This investigation found the majority of the guidance for intercollegiate athletic programs to be relevant to club and intramural sport programs, but differences were found concerning provisions and participation opportunities. Similarities and differences are discussed and twenty guidelines are advanced to provide institutions with ways to provide men and women with nondiscriminatory participation opportunities.

Factors Affecting Risk Management of Indoor Campus Recreation Facilities

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Schneider ◽  
William F. Stier ◽  
Steve Kampf ◽  
Scott Haines ◽  
Brady Gaskins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Recreation Facilities ◽  
Certification Requirements

Factors affecting risk management of indoor campus recreation facilities were studied. Campus recreation directors of 4-year colleges/universities in North America who held memberships in the National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) responded to a paper survey consisting of 32 dichotomous yes/no and close-ended multiple-choice questions. Questions addressed staff certification requirements, use of waivers, number of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) in the facility, communication and security devices, health screening of participants, and in-person supervision of the facility. Results showed that facilities are open to participants extensively throughout the 7-day week, thus requiring directors to ensure their risk management procedures are up to date—most notably staff members' CPR and first aid certification, as well as AED training.

Selected Risk Management Policies, Practices, and Procedures for Intramural Activities at NIRSA Institutions

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Stier ◽  
Robert C. Schneider ◽  
Steve Kampf ◽  
Scott Haines ◽  
Brady Gaskins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
North America ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
And Training

A survey of all National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) campus recreation directors was conducted to determine the risk management policies, practices, and procedures relating to intramural activities and recreational sports at colleges and universities throughout North America. The survey instrument, in its final form, addressed practices, policies, and procedures of campus recreation directors through 44 questions relating to the following areas: (a) documentation, (b) medical factors, (c) rules and regulations, (d) physical supervision, (e) sportsmanship rating systems, (f) restrictive policies, (g) safety devices, (h) officials-tests-qualifications, and (i) background experiences and training of the respondents. Selected data are presented in terms of (a) the size of institutions (small, medium, and large), (b) location of the institution (rural, urban, and suburban), and (c) whether public or privately supported.

Current Hiring Practices of Campus Recreation Directors of NIRSA Institutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Stier ◽  
Robert C. Schneider ◽  
Stephen Kampf ◽  
Gregory Wilding ◽  
Scott Haines
Keyword(s):  
Hiring Practices ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Graduate Assistants ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Professional Employees

A survey of all National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) campus recreation directors was conducted to determine the hiring practices, policies, and procedures relating to professional employees, graduate assistants, and student employees in campus recreation programs throughout North America. The survey instrument, in its final form, addressed hiring practices, policies, and procedures of campus recreation directors through 28 questions relating to the following areas: (a) search and screen committees, (b) job descriptions, (c) advertisement and announcement of vacancies, (d) applications, (e) references, (f) interviews, and (g) impact/involvement of national professional organizations in the hiring process. Selected data is presented in terms of (a) entry level position (coordinator) or for mid-level positions, (b) size of institutions (small, medium, and large), (c) rural, urban, and suburban locations, and (d) public and private institutions.

Factors Influencing the Willingness to Mentor Students within Campus Recreation

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenna G. Bower ◽  
Mary A. Hums ◽  
John L. Keedy
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Recreation Professionals ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this study was to discover factors influencing a person's decision to mentor students within campus recreation. The present study investigated four areas of inquiry within campus recreation: (a) What are the individual reasons for mentoring students? (b) What organizational factors inhibit or facilitate mentoring students? (c) What protégé characteristics attracted mentors?, and (d) What outcomes are associated with mentoring students? The phenomenological study relied on in-depth interviews of five campus recreation professionals. This research study utilized three in-depth phenomenological interviews with each participant as the primary means of collecting data. The researcher used the constant comparative method of analysis throughout the study. Analysis of the data produced personal life history portraits of each participant and provided themes and categories for each research question. Study findings provided valuable information for campus recreation directors wishing to successfully mentor students entering the campus recreation profession.

Risk Perceptions versus Legal Realities in Campus Recreational Sport Programs

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Young ◽  
Sarah K. Fields ◽  
Gwynn M. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreational Sport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Risk management in campus recreational sports has been a consideration on the minds of campus recreational sport directors for over the past three decades. But are directors' concerns aligned with the litigation being decided in the courtroom? This study examined whether or not campus recreation directors were concerned about the same legal and risk management issues that appeared most frequently in published court decisions. A case law analysis revealed that 54 cases were related to campus recreation over the past 30 years. To determine risk perceptions of campus recreation directors, a Web survey identifying 34 risk issues was administered. The findings showed the relationship of perceptions of directors to published cases and the risk management formula, as well as differences in perceptions based on demographic variables. The results identified several opportunities for discussion and new areas for research.

Influence of Campus Recreation Employment on Student Learning

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Collaboration Skills ◽  
Student Employees ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

This study examined the influence of part-time employment at a campus recreational sports department on full-time college students' learning. The student employees indicated they attributed their experience working in a campus recreational sports department to their perceived gains in critical thinking, integrative learning, appreciation of diverse perspectives, collaboration skills, and communication skills. Students working at a campus recreational sports department were invited to complete an online survey, which was developed for this project. The questionnaire, containing rating scales and open-ended questions, captured the perceptions of change by the student employees regarding their learning. A concurrent triangulation mixed-method design was used to analyze the data. The quantitative data were analyzed using multiple regression for each of the learning outcomes and one-way ANOVA analyses were conducted to identify differences between the positions. The qualitative data were analyzed using open coding to identify themes. The data were triangulated with job recruitment materials. The student employees indicated they attributed their perceived gains in learning to their experience working in a campus recreational sports department. The multiple regression analysis resulted in two significant predictors, which included collaboration skills and communication skills. While the one-way ANOVA analyses was not able to be conducted between the positions held by the students, the results showed students attribute their experience working in a campus recreational sports department to their perceived learning in specific areas. These results demonstrate the need for more in-depth study of each of the learning outcomes to gain more thorough understanding of the impact of students who work in a campus recreation department.

Common Training Practices and Preferred Personality Traits of Intramural Sports Officials

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Joseph Walker ◽  
Laura Walker ◽  
Joshua Dietrich ◽  
Andrew Dotterweich ◽  
Jason Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Program Satisfaction ◽  
Intramural Sports ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Training Materials ◽  
Sports Officials

This research study examined campus recreation intramural training techniques used to prepare sports officials. The top 10 techniques reported by the sample (n = 52) are presented. Use of National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) training materials was found to have a significant positive relationship with overall official training program satisfaction. Intramural coordinators who self-rated as unsatisfied with training program also rated their program significantly less effective when compared to intramural coordinators who indicated satisfaction with their training program. Further inquiry determined that the responding professionals ranked officials' traits and abilities similar in importance, with confidence, knowledge, and decision making as most important. There were no differences in the preferred officials' trait ratings when compared to overall program satisfaction.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Team Sport Volume Surveyed Between High School and Club Sport Coaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596711983648
Author(s):  
Eric G. Post ◽  
Daniel A. Schaefer ◽  
Kevin M. Biese ◽  
Andrew M. Watson ◽  
Timothy A. McGuine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High School Coaches ◽  
Sport Team ◽  
Club Sport

Background: Club sport participation is increasingly common among high school athletes. Sport participation characteristics may vary widely between the high school and club sport settings. However, there have been no large-scale comparisons of sport participation volume between high school and club teams from similar sports. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the sport participation characteristics of high school and high school–aged club teams. We hypothesized that club team athletes would participate in more months per year and hours per week and would take more overnight trips than high school athletes and that club team coaches would be less likely to track their athletes’ sport volume than high school coaches. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 769 coaches (266 female; 34.6%) from 3 sports (basketball, volleyball, soccer) completed an anonymous online questionnaire regarding their team’s sport volume and their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding sport specialization. Coaches were eligible to participate if they had served as the head or assistant coach of a high school sport team or high school–aged club sport team in the past 12 months. Results: Overall, 64.6% (n = 497) were coaches of a high school team, and 35.4% (n = 272) were coaches of a club team with high school–aged athletes. Club coaches’ teams played more months out of the year and took more overnight trips for competitions than high school coaches’ teams but participated in fewer hours per week of practices or competitions during their season. There were no differences between club and high school coaches in tracking their athletes’ sport volume, with most coaches in both settings reporting that they do not track the amount of time that their athletes participate in other sports. Conclusion: Significant differences in sport participation volume exist between the teams of high school and club coaches.

Corporate Sponsorship in Campus Recreation

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Scott ◽  
Frank R. Veltri ◽  
Brad Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Soft Drink ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Campus Recreation ◽  
Corporate Sponsorship ◽  
Recreation Directors ◽  
Additional Funding ◽  
Recreation Programs ◽  
Private Donations

This paper examines corporate sponsorship as an additional source of funding for college recreational facilities and programs. The purpose of the study was to: (a) examine current sources of funding for campus recreation, (b) estimate the percentage of institutions currently involved with corporate sponsorship in their campus recreation programs, (c) identify the types of businesses sponsoring campus recreation centers as well as what these companies receive in return for their sponsorship, and (d) identify the reasons various institutions give for their lack of involvement with sponsorship. Questionnaires were mailed to campus recreation directors at 140 randomly selected universities representing four regions of the United States. Results indicated that primary sources of funding for campus recreation programs currently include student fees (63.5 percent), private donations (23.5 percent), and state funding (13 percent). The use of corporate sponsorship to supplement funding was indicated by 46 percent of responding institutions. The most common types of businesses currently sponsoring campus recreation programs included athletic equipment/apparel, soft drink, insurance companies and restaurants. Slightly over half of the companies identified in the sponsorships were national chain corporations, while almost 40 percent were local businesses. In regard to what sponsoring companies received in exchange, results of the study indicated that use of company names in recreation center literature was most common. In addition, 20 percent of respondents reported that sponsoring corporations were given advertising space on the recreation center website. The two primary reasons given by campus recreation directors for lack of involvement with sponsorship were: (a) institutional policy prohibiting sponsorship involvement, and (b) uncertainty of how to pursue sponsorships. There are several implications of the study for campus recreation directors. These include the following: 1. Corporate sponsorship represents a significant opportunity for obtaining additional funding for campus recreation. 2. Knowing the types of companies currently involved in campus recreation sponsorship provide a starting place for those recreation directors who are exploring sponsorship as a source of funding. 3. Recreation center directors should closely examine what sponsors are currently receiving, or will receive in exchange, so that the sponsorship is not perceived as purely philanthropic.

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