Physical Activity among Adolescent Females: Racial Differences

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Bungum ◽  
Murray Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Study Participants

Purposes of this study included the identification of physical activity (PA) levels, and the types of activity, as well as the determination of racial differences in these factors between African-American (AA) (n=626) and White (WH) (n=226) adolescent females.PA was measured using a one week recall. Approximately 1/2 of WH and 1/3 of AA female adolescents were sufficiently physically active (Blair, 1992) to produce health benefits. Less than twenty-five percent of study participants met a newly established guideline addressing moderate to vigorous PA (Sallis & Patrick, 1994). Younger adolescents were more active than older adolescents.Accounting for differences in age and socioeconomic status WH females were more active than AA females. African-American and WH females participated in similar types of activity. Walking was the most frequently cited mode of activity.

scholarly journals Leisure Activities of Healthy Children and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Auhuber ◽  
Mandy Vogel ◽  
Nico Grafe ◽  
Wieland Kiess ◽  
Tanja Poulain
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Study Participants

The objective of the present study was to give a detailed overview on the leisure behavior of adolescents (frequency, differences between gender, age groups and social class, time trends, and inter-relations). In total, 1449 10- to 18-year-old German adolescents were included in the study. Participants answered questionnaires about their media use, physical activity, outdoor time, engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, social life and socio-economic status (SES). The results revealed that girls, children with lower SES as well as older children reported to use screen-based media more often and that girls, older children and children with lower SES were less physically active. In addition, boys and children with lower SES engaged less frequently in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, while children with higher SES met their friends more often. The time trend analysis showed that mobile phone use increased drastically from 2011 to 2017, while engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing decreased. Regarding the inter-relation between leisure activities, high screen times were significantly associated with less physical activity and less outdoor time. Physical activity, in contrast, was significantly related to better social life and more outdoor time. These findings highlight the growing importance of electronic media in adolescents’ lives and their tendency to displace other leisure activities.

Accelerometer-measured physical activity among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Fröberg ◽  
Christel Larsson ◽  
Christina Berg ◽  
Cecilia Boldemann ◽  
Anders Raustorp
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Organized Sports ◽  
Wear Time

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe and analyze accelerometer-measured sedentary time and physical activity (PA) among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status (SES). Method: Seventh-graders (n=114 (girls n=66), mean age: 12.8±0.5 y) were recruited from three schools in a multicultural area of the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Sedentary time and PA were measured with ActiGraph™ accelerometers. Result: Of total wear-time, 70 (±6)% was sedentary, with girls being more sedentary than boys. Girls had less light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than boys. Similar patterns were shown during in-school and out-of-school hours. During wear-time, 53% had a mean of ≥60 min of MVPA per day, but only 6% of the girls and 24% of the boys were sufficiently physically active every day. Girls had more sedentary bouts of ≥10 min and fewer MVPA bouts of ≥5 min per day than boys. Those who participated in organized sports spent a mean of 15 more minutes of MVPA per day compared to those who did not. No association was observed between body mass index (BMI) and sedentary time and PA. Conclusion: Only a few adolescents from a Swedish multicultural area characterized by low SES met the PA recommendations every day, and girls were more sedentary and less physically active than boys. Adolescents involved in organized sports had more of MVPA per day than their non-involved peers. Sedentary time and PA were not related to BMI.

Understanding Physical Activity through the Experiences of Adolescent Girls

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope E. Yungblut ◽  
Robert J. Schinke ◽  
Kerry R. McGannon ◽  
Mark A. Eys
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physical Activity Programming ◽  
Gender Specific

Researchers have found that female youths are particularly vulnerable to withdrawing from sport and physical activity programs in early adolescence (see Active Healthy Kids Canada, 2010). However, there is an absence of a comprehensive, emic description of how female adolescents experience physical activity. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with 15 early adolescent females (12–14 years old) and 20 middle and late adolescent females (15–18years old). Co-participants in the mid to late adolescent cohort provided retrospective accounts of their early adolescent experiences along with insight on how their experiences shaped their current participation. The girls’ voices were brought to the forefront through composite vignettes that highlight their physical activity experiences, integrating the words used by the co-participants. Results are discussed in relation to physical activity programming for adolescent females and why a qualitative approach is useful in contributing to gender-specific physical activity programming.

Abstract NS5: Pre-diabetes in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study: A Disregarded Stroke Risk?

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta T Lee ◽  
Anne W Alexandrov ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Virginia J Howard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Stroke Belt

Background: Pre-diabetes is a new diagnostic category that is highly associated with a future diagnosis of diabetes. Given the risk for stroke associated with diabetes, we sought to determine bio-behavioral factors associated with pre-diabetes in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Methods: Participants who were normoglycemic (15,121) and pre-diabetic (4,768) were included. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of bio-behavioral factors (smoking, alcohol use, physical activity) and prevalence of pre-diabetes. Results: The analysis cohort was 36% African American and 64% White, with more Whites (67%) living within the Stroke Belt. Mean age of subjects was 64.5 + 10 years. The odds of having pre-diabetes as an African American regardless of region was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.19-1.36) compared to Whites, while the odds of having pre-diabetes as an African American living in the Stroke Belt was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.21-1.38) . African Americans with pre-diabetes were less educated (p<.0001) and had lower income (p< .0001) than Whites overall, and those with pre-diabetes within the Stroke Belt were less educated (p< .0001) and had lower income (p< .0001) than their counterparts from other regions. A majority of pre-diabetes African Americans (69%) and Whites (53%) reported no alcohol use at all, as did a majority of pre-diabetes subjects living inside (63%) and outside (53%) the Stroke Belt. Almost one half did not report current or past smoking. Only a minority of participants reported participation in intense physical activity > 4 times/week. A higher perceived health status was reported among Whites and people living outside the Stroke Belt with pre-diabetes (p<.0001). Conclusion: African American race and living in the Stroke Belt region are associated with increased odds of pre-diabetes. Interventions that aim to prevent pre-diabetes, as well as those that minimize development of a subsequent diabetes diagnosis, may play an important role in reducing future stroke events.

scholarly journals Men on the Move–Nashville: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Technology-Enhanced Physical Activity Pilot Intervention for Overweight and Obese Middle and Older Age African American Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donnatesa A. L. Dean ◽  
Derek M. Griffith ◽  
Sydika A. McKissic ◽  
Emily K. Cornish ◽  
Vicki Johnson-Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Group Sessions

Men on the Move–Nashville was a quasi-experimental, 10-week pilot physical activity intervention. A total of 40 overweight or obese African American men ages 30 to 70 (mean age = 47) enrolled in the intervention. Participants attended 8 weekly, 90-minute small group sessions with a certified personal trainer. Each session consisted of discussions aimed to educate and motivate men to be more physically active, and an exercise component aimed to increase endurance, strength, and flexibility. Throughout each week, men used wearable activity trackers to promote self-monitoring and received informational and motivational SMS text messages. Of the 40 enrolled men, 85% completed the intervention, and 80% attended four or more small group sessions. Additionally, 70% of participants successfully used the activity tracker, but only 30% of men utilized their gym memberships. Participants benefited from both the small group discussions and activities through increasing social connection and guidance from their trainer and group members. These African American men reported being motivated to engage in physical activity through each of these technologies. Men reported that the activity trackers provided an important extension to their social network of physically active people. The intervention resulted in significant increases in men’s self-reported levels of light, moderate, vigorous, and sports-related physical activities, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and significant decreases in weight and body fat percentage with small, moderate and large effects shown. Including technology and didactic components in small group-based interventions holds promise in motivating African American men to increase their physical activity.

scholarly journals Promoting Factors for Physical Activity in Children with Asthma Explored through Concept Mapping

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Brons ◽  
Katja Braam ◽  
Annieck Timmerman ◽  
Aline Broekema ◽  
Bart Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

For children with asthma, physical activity (PA) can decrease the impact of their asthma. Thus far, effective PA promoting interventions for this group are lacking. To develop an intervention, the current study aimed to identify perspectives on physical activity of children with asthma, their parents, and healthcare providers. Children with asthma between 8 and 12 years old (n = 25), their parents (n = 17), and healthcare providers (n = 21) participated in a concept mapping study. Participants generated ideas that would help children with asthma to become more physically active. They sorted all ideas and rated their importance on influencing PA. Clusters were created with multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. The researchers labelled the clusters as either environmental or personal factors using the Physical Activity for people with a Disability model. In total, 26 unique clusters were generated, of which 17 were labelled as environmental factors and 9 as personal factors. Important factors that promote physical activity in children with asthma according to all participating groups are asthma control, stimulating environments and relatives, and adapted facilities suiting the child’s needs. These factors, supported by the future users, enable developing an intervention that helps healthcare providers to promote PA in children with asthma.

scholarly journals The Role of Marital Status in Physical Activity Among African American and White Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tichelle C. Porch ◽  
Caryn N. Bell ◽  
Janice V. Bowie ◽  
Therri Usher ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Impact

Racial differences in physical activity among men are well documented; however, little is known about the impact of marital status on this relationship. Data from the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006 was used to determine whether the association of race and physical activity among men varied by marital status. Marital status was divided into two categories: married and unmarried. Physical activity was determined by the number of minutes per week a respondent engaged in household/yard work, moderate and vigorous activity, or transportation (bicycling and walking) over the past 30 days. The sample included 7,131 African American (29%) and White(71%) men aged 18 years and older. All models were estimated using logistic regression. Because the interaction term of race and marital status was statistically significant ( p < .001), the relationship between race, physical activity, and marital status was examined using a variable that reflects the different levels of the interaction term. After adjusting for age, income, education, weight status, smoking status, and self-rated health, African American married men had lower odds (odds ratio = 0.53, 95% confidence interval = [0.46-0.61], p < .001) of meeting federal physical activity guidelines compared with White married men. Possible dissimilarities in financial and social responsibilities may contribute to the racial differences observed in physical activity among African American and White married men.

scholarly journals Physical Activity of Young Children in Hong Kong Preschools

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Bik C. CHOW ◽  
Lobo LOUIE ◽  
Peggy Pui yee CHEUNG
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Study Participants

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Are preschool children physically active? A bulk of research evidence indicates that most preschool children engage mainly in sedentary behavior and have little physical activity (PA) time. Recent reviews show that physical environment such as outdoor play, equipment, and toys as well as the type of preschool can affect children’s PA. In Hong Kong, most children ages 3 to 6 years attend preschools of half-day or whole-day sessions. The purpose of this paper was to present summarized results showing the amount of daily step counts taken by a sample of 240 preschool children (137 boys, 103 girls) in Hong Kong. The study participants came from five preschools. The data included four consecutive days of two weekdays and two weekend days. Findings showed that boys had significantly higher mean daily step counts (15,221 steps) than girls (12,208 steps) and children were significant more active during weekends compared with weekdays. 近期愈來愈多文獻指出，幼兒整體的體能活動，逐漸下降，不利健康成長。本文以步行計儀器量度香港幼兒的體能活動情況，資料顯示：以一連四天計算，男童和女童的整天活動量分別為15,221步及12,208步，而且周末的活動量明顯較平日為多。

scholarly journals Risk factors for non communicable diseases among transport and security personnel of a health sciences university in coastal Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Sumit Audichya ◽  
Pavithra H. ◽  
Harikrishnan V. ◽  
Kibballi Madhukeshwar Akshaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise among workers in various occupations resulting in morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the various risk factors and associated socio-demographic factors among the security and transport personnel working in a health sciences university in Mangaluru.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among all the security and transport personnel. Questionnaire based on WHO-STEPS approach was used. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded.Results: Total 167 study participants were enrolled; 57.5% were security and rest were transport personnel. Physical activity was perceived as light by 63.5% participants. Current smokers constituted to 26% and 33.5% consumed alcohol in past 12 months. Eighteen percent of them top salted their food. Among participants who were apparently healthy, 12.5% and 23.4% had raised systolic and diastolic BP. Associations between the areas of residence (p=0.004) and type of occupation (p<0.001) were found to be significant.Conclusions: Prevalence of risk factors of NCDs was high among study participants. Only few study subjects were physically active and majority of them felt that their routine work provided them with light physical activity. Around one third of the participants consumed tobacco and alcohol. Around 1/4th of the study participants who were not known hypertensive, were found with increased levels of blood pressure.

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