scholarly journals Stabilizing electrodeposition in elastic solid electrolytes containing immobilized anions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. e1600320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukul D. Tikekar ◽  
Lynden A. Archer ◽  
Donald L. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Solid ◽  
Present Theory ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Morphological Instabilities ◽  
The Stability

Ion transport–driven instabilities in electrodeposition of metals that lead to morphological instabilities and dendrites are receiving renewed attention because mitigation strategies are needed for improving rechargeability and safety of lithium batteries. The growth rate of these morphological instabilities can be slowed by immobilizing a fraction of anions within the electrolyte to reduce the electric field at the metal electrode. We analyze the role of elastic deformation of the solid electrolyte with immobilized anions and present theory combining the roles of separator elasticity and modified transport to evaluate the factors affecting the stability of planar deposition over a wide range of current densities. We find that stable electrodeposition can be easily achieved even at relatively high current densities in electrolytes/separators with moderate polymer-like mechanical moduli, provided a small fraction of anions are immobilized in the separator.

Business Aviation in Russia: Specific Features and Prospects of Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
D. V. Slivinsky ◽  
I. A. Fomina ◽  
D. G. Menshikh
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Business Aviation ◽  
Wide Range

The presented study determines the role of business aviation in the modern economy and examines the specific features of its development in Russia.Aim. The study aims to analyze the development of business aviation in Russia and its correlation with economic development in general.Tasks. The authors determine the benefits of business aviation as a business tool, examine the specific features of the Russian business aviation market and problems of its development, and identify factors that affect the development of business aviation in Russia.Methods. This study uses the methods of comparative and retrospective analysis, cross-country comparison, systems approach, and expert analytics.Results. Business aviation is a new segment of civil aviation for Russia. Therefore, it is advisable to rely on foreign practices in the management of its development. In many countries, business aviation is a separate industry that specializes in providing transport services to a wide range of corporate clients and/or individuals. The development of this industry is associated with the economic growth rate and the development level of the national economy, and also depends on the national institutional specifics. This study describes the specific features of development of business aviation in Russia and problems arising in the organization and management of this type of business.Conclusions. The authors develop a system of factors affecting the development of business aviation in Russia, describe the major problems of this industry, and propose solutions. The results of this study can be used in the development (adjustment) of business aviation development strategies in Russia both at the industrial and corporate level, and in the implementation of the national policy in this field.

Factors affecting the amplitude of the τ angle in proteins: a revisitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Balasco ◽  
Luciana Esposito ◽  
Luigi Vitagliano
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backbone Conformation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Open Issues

The protein folded state is the result of the fine balance of a variety of different forces. Even minor structural perturbations may have a significant impact on the stability of these macromolecules. Studies carried out in recent decades have led to the convergent view that proteins are endowed with a flexible spine. One of the open issues related to protein local backbone geometry is the identification of the factors that influence the amplitude of the τ (N—Cα—C) angle. Here, statistical analyses performed on an updated ensemble of X-ray protein structures by dissecting the contribution of the major factors that can potentially influence the local backbone geometry of proteins are reported. The data clearly indicate that the local backbone conformation has a prominent impact on the modulation of the τ angle. Therefore, a proper assessment of the impact of the other potential factors can only be appropriately evaluated when small (φ, ψ) regions are considered. Here, it is shown that when the contribution of the backbone conformation is removed by considering small (φ, ψ) areas, an impact of secondary structure, as defined byDSSP, and/or the residue type on τ is still detectable, although to a limited extent. Indeed, distinct τ-value distributions are detected for Pro/Gly and β-branched (Ile/Val) residues. The key role of the local backbone conformation highlighted here supports the use of variable local backbone geometry in protein refinement protocols.

Salesperson Solution Involvement and Sales Performance: The Contingent Role of Supplier Firm and Customer–Supplier Relationship Characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos G. Panagopoulos ◽  
Adam A. Rapp ◽  
Jessica L. Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Sales Performance ◽  
Product Portfolio ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Supplier Relationship

Salespeople play a crucial role in their firms’ efforts to provide customer solutions. However, little research has examined how salesperson involvement in customer solutions can be conceptualized, whether it pays off, and what boundary conditions might heighten its performance effects. This study addresses these gaps and offers a conceptualization of salesperson solution involvement by focusing on the set of salesperson-related activities that enact the four relational processes inherent in customer solutions. The authors collect a unique data set that includes a wide range of firms, industries, and countries, as well as the perspectives of both salespeople and customers, across five studies. Results validate the stability of the conceptualization across contexts. They also reveal that salesperson solution involvement is systematically related to increases in both subjective and objective, time-lagged measures of sales performance. Finally, results show that the performance effects of salesperson solution involvement are amplified under higher levels of firm's product portfolio scope, sales unit cross-functional cooperation, and customer–supplier relationship tie strength. Surprisingly, customer adaptiveness is not found to moderate the performance effects of salesperson solution involvement.

scholarly journals The factors affecting the bank’s credit impairment losses by adopting IAS on PSAK 55 in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sparta Sparta ◽  
Nadya Trinova
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Income Smoothing ◽  
Loan Loss ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Loan Loss Provisions ◽  
Ias 39 ◽  
The Stability

Loan loss provisions in banks plays a vital role in maintaining the stability and health of banks, as well as fulfilling the function of banks in channeling public funds. This study aims to determine the effect of income smoothing and the behavior of procyclicality against reserves of credit losses losses, as well as the role of adoption of IAS 39 in PSAK 55 in moderating the influence of these two variables. The object of this study are conventional commercial banks that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange within the research period of 2008-2017. By using purposive sampling method, I obtained 20 bank samples and 196 observations. The hypotheses in this research are tested using multiple regression analysis. This study shows that income smoothing has a positive influence on loan loss provisions, whereas procyclicality and IAS 39 adoption in PSAK 55 do not affect loan loss provisions significantly. Meanwhile, IAS 39 adoption in PSAK 55 weakens the positive influence of income smoothing, however it cannot moderate the influence of procyclicality on loan loss provisions.  

Factors Affecting the Performance of the Supersonic Parallel Diffuser

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Static Pressure ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Stagnation Pressure ◽  
Pressure Recovery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Single Shock ◽  
Wide Range

Following the work of Baker and Martin (1), this paper provides further information about static pressure recovery in axi-symmetric supersonic parallel diffusers of fixed length and the same upstream generating nozzle when the diffuser cross-sectional area is varied over a wide range. Correlations based on these and associated experiments by Martin and Baker (2) indicate an area ratio for maximum possible static pressure recovery. At breakdown of the single shock, the diffuser stagnation pressure ratio corresponds to that for normal shock pressure recovery, while the outlet Mach number becomes independent of area ratio as the latter increases. The factors which influence the development and stability of the single shock regime are considered in some detail, from which the role of the boundary layer is shown to be predominant.

scholarly journals The role of nonlinear substrate elasticity in the wrinkling of thin films

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1993) ◽  
pp. 20120422 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Modulus Ratio ◽  
Compliant Substrates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
Film Stiffness ◽  
Substrate Elasticity

The role of substrate nonlinearity in the stability of wrinkling of thin films bonded to compliant substrates is investigated within the initial post-bifurcation range when wrinkling first emerges. A fully nonlinear neo-Hookean bilayer composed of a thin film on a deep substrate is analysed for a wide range of the film–substrate stiffness ratio, from films that are very stiff compared with the substrate to those only slightly stiffer. Substrate pre-stretch prior to film attachment is shown to have a significant effect on the nonlinearity relevant to wrinkling. Two dimensionless parameters are identified that control the stability and mode shape evolution of the bilayer: one specifying arbitrary uniform substrate pre-stretch and the other a stretch-modified modulus ratio. For systems with film stiffness greater than about five times that of the substrate the wrinkling bifurcation is stable, whereas for systems with smaller relative film stiffness bifurcation can be unstable, especially if substrate pre-stretch is not tensile.

scholarly journals Mobile-surface bubbles and droplets coalesce faster but bounce stronger

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. eaaw4292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan U. Vakarelski ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yuan Si Tian ◽  
Er Qiang Li ◽  
Derek Y. C. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Surface Mobility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiphase Systems ◽  
Liquid Emulsion ◽  
Emulsion Systems ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Interfacial Mobility

Enhancing the hydrodynamic interfacial mobility of bubbles and droplets in multiphase systems is expected to reduce the characteristic coalescence times and thereby affect the stability of gas or liquid emulsions that are of wide industrial and biological importance. However, by comparing the controlled collision of bubbles or water droplets with mobile or immobile liquid interfaces, in a pure fluorocarbon liquid, we demonstrate that collisions involving mobile surfaces result in a significantly stronger series of rebounds before the rapid coalescence event. The stronger rebound is explained by the lower viscous dissipation during collisions involving mobile surfaces. We present direct numerical simulations to confirm that the observed rebound is enhanced with increased surface mobility. These observations require a reassessment of the role of surface mobility for controlling the dynamic stability of gas or liquid emulsion systems relevant to a wide range of processes, from microfluidics and pharmaceuticals to food and crude oil processing.

Agronomic and Processing Factors Affecting Coffee Quality

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Njoroge
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Visual Scoring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing Factors ◽  
Bean Size ◽  
General Standard ◽  
Cup Quality

Coffee quality is a parameter influenced by a wide range of factors. The criteria used to measure quality include raw bean size and shape as well as colour; roast bean appearance is measured by visual scoring. Cup quality is determined by organoleptic means. Samples are submitted to professional coffee tasters who assess body, acidity, flavour and general standard while off-flavours are distinguished. Owing to the role of quality in the pricing of coffee, it is important that coffee should be handled carefully at the farm and factory level. At all these levels, the recommended procedures of handling coffee should be adhered to, in order to obtain top quality coffee. Some of these procedures are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the role of electro-conductive plastics electrode in direct current electroosmosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 01047
Author(s):  
Wei Bai ◽  
Tao Jian ◽  
Rongbing Lin ◽  
Xiaoqian Luo ◽  
Lingwei Kong
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Conductive Plastics

The electrode material is one of the critical factors affecting the electroosmosis efficiency. The electroosmotic test was conducted to compare the current, volume moisture content, and energy consumption of Electro-Conductive Plastics Electrode (ECPE) and metal electrode in the dispose of sludge. The results show that: the current decreases of ECPE is smaller than the metal electrode before 20h, and the difference value of moisture content between cathode and anode of ECPE is smaller when electroosmosis is stable. The energy consumption of ECPE is lower in the range of soil moisture content of 35% - 60%. The ECPE has a particular advantage in energy consumption and uniformity of soil moisture content, but has a disadvantage in residual moisture content as compared with the metal electrode.

Reasons for Not Using Licit and Illicit Drugs: The Role of Experience with Illicit Drugs

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Apsler ◽  
Beverly Brady ◽  
Pierce Barker
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Wide Range

Despite extensive treatment and prevention programs for illicit drug use, little is known about people's reasons for abstaining from substances and about the factors affecting their reasons. Therefore, a random community sample and snowball sample of poly drug users (1190 adults) were asked to give their reasons for abstaining from a wide range of substances. Contrary to common belief, (a) the individuals highest in experience-with-illicit-drugs are most likely to abstain from prescription and illicit drugs because of health concerns, and (b) the reasons given by the most experienced individuals for illicit drugs are similar to those given by the least experienced for common, licit substances. Disapproval of others, illegality, and dependence potential tend to be unimportant reasons. Implications of these and other results for treatment and prevention strategies are discussed.

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