scholarly journals Entianin, a Novel Subtilin-Like Lantibiotic fromBacillus subtilissubsp.spizizeniiDSM 15029Twith High Antimicrobial Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1698-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian W. Fuchs ◽  
Thorsten W. Jaskolla ◽  
Sophie Bochmann ◽  
Peter Kötter ◽  
Thomas Wichelhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Envelope Stress ◽  
Reporter Systems ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTLantibiotics, such as nisin and subtilin, are lanthionine-containing peptides that exhibit antimicrobial as well as pheromone-like autoinducing activity. Autoinduction is specific for each lantibiotic, and reporter systems for nisin and subtilin autoinduction are available. In this report, we used the previously reported subtilin autoinduction bioassay in combination with mass spectrometric analyses to identify the novel subtilin-like lantibiotic entianin fromBacillus subtilissubsp.spizizeniiDSM 15029T. Linearization of entianin using Raney nickel-catalyzed reductive cleavage enabled, for the first time, the use of tandem mass spectrometry for the fast and efficient determination of an entire lantibiotic primary structure, including posttranslational modifications. The amino acid sequence determined was verified by DNA sequencing of theetnSstructural gene, which confirmed that entianin differs from subtilin at 3 amino acid positions. In contrast toB. subtilisATCC 6633, which produces only small amounts of unsuccinylated subtilin,B. subtilisDSM 15029Tsecretes considerable amounts of unsuccinylated entianin. Entianin was very active against several Gram-positive pathogens, such asStaphylococcus aureusandEnterococcus faecalis.The growth-inhibiting activity of succinylated entianin (S-entianin) was much lower than that of unsuccinylated entianin: a 40-fold higher concentration was required for inhibition. For succinylated subtilin (S-subtilin), a concentration 100-fold higher than that of unsuccinylated entianin was required to inhibit the growth of aB. subtilistest strain. This finding was in accordance with a strongly reduced sensing of cellular envelope stress provided by S-entianin relative to that of entianin. Remarkably, S-entianin and S-subtilin showed considerable autoinduction activity, clearly demonstrating that autoinduction and antibiotic activity underlie different molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals The novel ciliogenesis regulator DYRK2 governs Hedgehog signaling during mouse embryogenesis

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saishu Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Aoki ◽  
Ken Fujiwara ◽  
Takashi Nakakura ◽  
Akira Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Primary Cilia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

Mammalian Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays key roles in embryogenesis and uniquely requires primary cilia. Functional analyses of several ciliogenesis-related genes led to the discovery of the developmental diseases known as ciliopathies. Hence, identification of mammalian factors that regulate ciliogenesis can provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and ciliopathy. Here, we demonstrate that DYRK2 acts as a novel mammalian ciliogenesis-related protein kinase. Loss of Dyrk2 in mice causes suppression of Hh signaling and results in skeletal abnormalities during in vivo embryogenesis. Deletion of Dyrk2 induces abnormal ciliary morphology and trafficking of Hh pathway components. Mechanistically, transcriptome analyses demonstrate down-regulation of Aurka and other disassembly genes following Dyrk2 deletion. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that DYRK2 controls ciliogenesis and is necessary for Hh signaling during mammalian development.

scholarly journals Eugene Onegin’s stages of evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-171
Author(s):  
Yuri M. Nikishov
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Search For Self ◽  
Eugene Onegin ◽  
First Time

The article attempts to understand the author’s attitude to the main character of the novel “Eugene Onegin” by Alexander Pushkin. For the first time, a complete picture of Onegin’s evolution is given. The author proves that the rapture of secular life is just his prehistory; that the search for self-determination of Pushkin’s hero begins with a blues (premature old age of the soul). Communication with Vladimir Lensky makes Onegin reflect on the meaning of life. The highest point of his searches is freedom and peace (at the level of interests of the circus circle). Thoughts on the Onegin’s hypothetical fate are not attempts “to complete” the novel ending, but this is a way to understand the hero more deeply. The poet himself gave an example of such hypothetical thoughts. The “Fragments from Onegin’s Journey” that violate the plot sequence, placed after the notes (end sign), with their tone create a hint in determining Onegin’s hypothetical fate.

Peptide modified gold nanoclusters as a novel fluorescence detector based on quenching system of detecting Allura red

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (47) ◽  
pp. 5672-5678
Author(s):  
Ying Tang ◽  
Zhitao Sun ◽  
Jing Shen ◽  
Jinhan Yu ◽  
Shujin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
First Time

In this paper, a novel nanocomposite fluorescence detector that was synthesized from gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and a ten-amino acid peptide CCYRGHDHCY was successfully generated for the determination of Allura red (AR) for the first time.

Inhibition of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by the novel peptide EZY-1 purified from Eucheuma

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3198-3208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huajun Yu ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Yajun Wang ◽  
Biyun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Edible Seaweed ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
First Time

For the first time, a new 16-amino-acid peptide was isolated from Eucheuma, an edible seaweed, and named EZY-1.

COUPLED GAS LIQUID – THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY: SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PIPERITONE AND PIPERITONE OXIDE IN ESSENTIAL OILS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1535-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishwar C. Nigam ◽  
M. Sahasrabudhe ◽  
Leo Levi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Japanese Mint ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Gas liquid and thin layer chromatography have been combined into a single microphysicochemical technique. The resolution of two terpenoids found in nature—piperitone and piperitone oxide—is described to illustrate the scope of the novel method of analysis. Occurrence of the epoxide in Mentha arvensis (Japanese mint), Mentha piperita (Mitcham peppermint), Eucalyptus dives Schauer, "Type" ("broad-leaved peppermint"), and Eucalyptus numerosa Maiden, var. "A" is reported for the first time. Its presence in these species should prove of biochemical as well as taxonomic interest.

scholarly journals RTH-149 Cell Line, a Useful Tool to Decipher Molecular Mechanisms Related to Fish Nutrition

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1754
Author(s):  
Guillaume Morin ◽  
Karine Pinel ◽  
Karine Dias ◽  
Iban Seiliez ◽  
Florian Beaumatin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Interesting Alternative

Nowadays, aquaculture provides more than 50% of fish consumed worldwide but faces new issues that challenge its sustainability. One of them relies on the replacement of fish meal (FM) in aquaculture feeds by other protein sources without deeply affecting the whole organism’s homeostasis. Multiple strategies have already been tested using in vivo approaches, but they hardly managed to cope with the multifactorial problems related to the complexities of fish biology together with new feed formulations. In this context, rainbow trout (RT) is particularly concerned by these problems, since, as a carnivorous fish, dietary proteins provide the amino acids required to supply most of its energetic metabolism. Surprisingly, we noticed that in vitro approaches considering RT cell lines as models to study RT amino acid metabolism were never previously used. Therefore, we decided to investigate if, and how, three major pathways described, in other species, to be regulated by amino acid and to control cellular homeostasis were functional in a RT cell line called RTH-149—namely, the mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), autophagy and the general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) pathways. Our results not only demonstrated that these three pathways were functional in RTH-149 cells, but they also highlighted some RT specificities with respect to the time response, amino acid dependencies and the activation levels of their downstream targets. Altogether, this article demonstrated, for the first time, that RT cell lines could represent an interesting alternative of in vivo experimentations for the study of fish nutrition-related questions.

scholarly journals Clinical Considerations for a Family with Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Sudden Cardiac Death, and a Novel TTN Frameshift Mutation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Emanuele Micaglio ◽  
Michelle M. Monasky ◽  
Andrea Bernardini ◽  
Valerio Mecarocci ◽  
Valeria Borrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Frameshift Mutation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Heterozygous Variant ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Sheer Size ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
First Time

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading indication for heart transplantation. TTN gene truncating mutations account for about 25% of familial DCM cases and for 18% of sporadic DCM cases. The clinical relevance of specific variants in TTN has been difficult to determine because of the sheer size of the protein for which TTN encodes, as well as existing extensive genetic variation. Clinicians should communicate novel clinically-relevant variants and genotype–phenotype associations, so that animal studies evaluating the molecular mechanisms are always conducted with a focus on clinical significance. In the present study, we report for the first time the novel truncating heterozygous variant NM_001256850.1:c.72777_72783del (p.Phe24259Leufs*51) in the TTN gene and its association with DCM in a family with sudden death. This variant occurs in the A-band region of the sarcomere, in a known mutational hotspot of the gene. Truncating titin variants that occur in this region are the most common cause of DCM and have been rarely reported in asymptomatic individuals, differently from other pathogenic TTN gene variants. Further studies are warranted to better understand this particular clinically-relevant variant.

Amino acid sequence determination of the novel forms of Go α purified from bovine brain membranes

FEBS Letters ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 285 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisayuki Shibasaki ◽  
Tohru Kozasa ◽  
Katsunobu Takahashi ◽  
Atsusi Inanobe ◽  
Yoshito Kaziro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Bovine Brain ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sequence Determination ◽  
Brain Membranes

scholarly journals Determination of chemical ordering in the complex perovskite Pb(Cd1/3Nb2/3)O3

IUCrJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiyan Wang ◽  
Zhengqian Fu ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Marek Paściak ◽  
Jian Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Complex Perovskite ◽  
Chemical Ordering ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
First Time

Pure-phase Pb(Cd1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PCN) single crystals and ceramics with a complex perovskite structure are synthesized for the first time. The local chemical ordering in PCN has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (including diffuse scattering) and Cs-corrected transmission electron microscopy experiments. It is concluded that the PCN samples have large coherent chemical ordering regions that even extend to the long range, and the ordering model is consistent with β-type chemical ordered regions. The antiphase domain boundaries were also observed. Two dielectric anomaly peaks were found in these two types of samples, one of which indicates possible relaxor behaviour. The novel structure of the completely ordered regions and its relationship with the electrical properties make PCN a unique material for the fundamental understanding of chemically substituted perovskites.

scholarly journals Трилогія Ренсома Риггза про дивних дітей і криза міфотворчості початку ХХІ століття

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Андрій Іванович Гурдуз
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Art ◽  
The Status ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

In this article the attempt of the determination of the status of the novel series about the peculiar children by Ransom Riggs in the literary-art process of the beginning of the XXI century is realised for the first time. Accordingly our attention is concentrated on the questions of tradition and innovation decisions in this trilogy by comparison with its typological and / or genetic given art row. Also we analyse the way of function and the role of the national component in the named novel circle.

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