scholarly journals Analysis of Immunoglobulin A Antibodies toHelicobacter pylori in Serum and Gastric Juice in Relation to Mucosal Inflammation

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Hayashi ◽  
Toshiro Sugiyama ◽  
Kenji Yokota ◽  
Hiroshi Isogai ◽  
Emiko Isogai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Histologic Grade ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is a major etiologic agent in gastroduodenal disorders. In this study, immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to H. pylori antigens were evaluated in serum and gastric juice specimens obtained from patients with gastritis or peptic ulcers by utilizing antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ACELISAs). Urease α subunit (UA), urease β subunit (UB), the 66-kDa heat shock protein (HSP), and the 25-kDa protein (25K) were used as antigens for the ACELISAs. The antibody titers of the ACELISAs reflect the ratio of H. pylori-specific IgA to total IgA. The ratio is stable, although the antibody concentration fluctuates in gastric juice. By using ACELISAs it was possible to evaluate quantitatively not only serum IgA antibodies but also gastric juice secretory IgA (S-IgA) antibodies. In both serum IgA and gastric juice S-IgA ACELISAs, the titers of antibody to HSP and 25K were remarkably correlated with the histologic grade of gastritis, whereas those to UA and UB were not strongly correlated with histologic grade. Thus, it is useful for estimating the histologic grade of gastritis to quantify serum IgA and gastric juice S-IgA antibodies to HSP and 25K.

Secretory Immunoglobulin a in Oral and Respiratory Passages in Man

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (20_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Mogi
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Antigenic Relationship ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Human Colostrum ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Antigenic Relationships ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the predominant immunoglobulin in certain external secretions and may have an important role in immunological mucosal resistance. SIgA differs in chemical and immunological properties from serum IgA. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antigenic relationship between SIgA, free secretory component (FSC) and serum IgA and the localization of SIgA as well as other immunological classes in tissues of oral and respiratory passages by use of immunofluorescence technique. SIgA and FSC were highly purified from human colostrum and rabbit anti-SIgA and anti-SC antisera were prepared. On the basis of antigenic relationships between SIgA, FSC and serum IgA, it was emphasized that individual specific antisera for SC and IgA and/or SIgA should be used in immunochemical or immunohistological investigations for SIgA. The present study failed to detect SC determinants in palatine and lingual tonsils. However, it was evident that cells present in the pharyngeal tonsillar epithelium contain SC determinants. SC molecules may be synthesized in certain secretory cells of mucous membrane and glandular epithelium and the combining of SC with IgA could occur in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, the intercellular spaces and/or in the lumens of glandular acini and ductules.

Salivary IgA and serum IgA and IgG antibodies to Candida albicans in HIV-infected subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Belazi ◽  
A Fleva ◽  
D Drakoulakos ◽  
D Panayiotidou
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Iga Antibodies

This study sought to determine IgA, IgG antibodies to Candida albicans in whole saliva and serum from HIV-infected patients and to compare them to a group of healthy controls. The study population consisted of 34 HIV-infected individuals free of any other systemic diseases and thirty healthy controls. IgA concentrations in saliva and IgA and IgG concentrations in serum were measured by a micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant differences were observed in salivary and serum IgA antibodies to C. albicans between the two study groups. Serum IgG antibodies were found to be significantly lower in the HIV-infected ( P < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the specific activity of anti-Candida IgA and IgG antibodies in saliva and serum, in both the study groups. The undifferentiated levels of secretory-IgA antibodies to C. albicans in the patients' and the controls' saliva could be an indicator of the high immune response to opportunistic infections of the HIV-infected subjects, a fact that is verified by the lack of oral candidiasis in the patients' group. The low levels of IgG antibodies in the serum of the HIV-infected patients confirm the high immune response of them.

scholarly journals Protection of the Villus Epithelial Cells of the Small Intestine from Rotavirus Infection Does Not Require Immunoglobulin A

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 4102-4109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. O'Neal ◽  
Gregory R. Harriman ◽  
Margaret E. Conner
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Mucosal Pathogens

ABSTRACT Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary immune response induced in the intestine by rotavirus infection, but vaccination with virus-like particles induces predominantly IgG, not IgA. To definitively assess the role of IgA in protection from rotavirus infection, IgA knockout mice, which are devoid of serum and secretory IgA, were infected and then rechallenged with murine rotavirus at either 6 weeks or 10 months. Following primary rotavirus infection, IgA knockout mice cleared virus as effectively as IgA normal control mice. Rotavirus-infected IgA knockout mice produced no serum or fecal IgA but did have high levels of antirotavirus serum IgG and IgM and fecal IgG, whereas IgA normal control mice made both serum IgA and IgG and fecal IgA. Both IgA normal and IgA knockout mice were totally protected from rotavirus challenge at 42 days. Ten months following a primary infection, both IgA normal and knockout mice still had high levels of serum and fecal antirotavirus antibody and were totally protected from rotavirus challenge. To determine if compensatory mechanisms other than IgG were responsible for protection from rotavirus infection in IgA knockout mice, mice were depleted of CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells. No changes in the level of protection were seen in depleted mice. These data show that fecal or systemic IgA is not essential for protection from rotavirus infection and suggest that in the absence of IgA, IgG may play a significant role in protection from mucosal pathogens.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin A Antibody Composition Is Sculpted to Bind the Self Gut Microbiome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yang ◽  
Alice Chen-Liaw ◽  
Thomas M. Moran ◽  
Andrea Cerutti ◽  
Jeremiah J. Faith
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACTDespite being the most abundantly secreted immunoglobulin isotype, the reactivity of IgA antibodies towards each individual’s own gut commensal bacteria still remains elusive. By colonizing germ-free mice with defined commensal bacteria, we found the binding specificity of bulk fecal and serum IgA towards resident gut bacteria resolves well at the species level and has modest strain level specificity. IgA hybridomas generated from lamina propria B cells of gnotobiotic mice showed that most IgA clones recognized a single bacterial species, while a small portion displayed polyreactivity. Species-specific IgAs had a range of strain specificities. Given the unique bacterial species and strain composition in each individual’s gut, our findings suggest the IgA repertoire is uniquely shaped to bind our self gut bacteria.

Evaluation of Systemic and Secretory IgA Concentrations and Immunohistochemical Stains for IgA-Containing B Cells in Mucosal Tissues of an Irish Setter With Selective IgA Deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol R. Norris ◽  
Laurel J. Gershwin
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Selective Iga Deficiency ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Immunoglobulin A is the predominant secretory antibody at mucosal surfaces. In the dog, immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgAD) is characterized by low to absent serum IgA and normal to elevated serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations. However, studies comparing serum and secretory IgA in dogs have often documented a poor correlation, suggesting that serum concentrations should not be used to estimate mucosal secretion of this antibody. This report demonstrates the concurrent use of serum IgA, IgG, and IgM; secretory IgA (from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid); and immunohistochemical stains on bronchial and duodenal mucosa for IgA-containing B cells in a young Irish setter with recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal signs.

scholarly journals Local Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Postimmunization Gastritis Correlate with Protection against Helicobacter pylori Infection after Oral Vaccination of Mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 2531-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Goto ◽  
Akira Nishizono ◽  
Toshio Fujioka ◽  
Junko Ikewaki ◽  
Kumato Mifune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT C57BL/6 mice were orally immunized with five weekly doses of 2 mg, 200 μg, or 2 μg of Helicobacter pylori (Sydney strain) whole-cell sonicate combined with cholera toxin. One week after the last vaccination, mice were challenged with 5 × 107CFU of live H. pylori three times at 2-day intervals. At 6 or 18 weeks after the challenge, mice were sacrificed and bacterial cultures and histological studies of the stomach were performed. Vaccination with 2 mg/session or 200 μg/session inhibited H. pylori colonization by 90 and 100%, respectively. These mice were considered protected. Lower levels of H. pylori-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) were detected in fecal and saliva samples before challenge. However, a significant increase in IgA secretion in mucosal tissue and a higher labeling index for IgA-positive lumina of pyloric glands were noted in these mice in response to challenge and in a vaccine dose-dependent manner. In protected mice, however, severe gastritis characterized by marked infiltration of inflammation mononuclear cells was noted at 6 weeks after challenge, compared with the gastritis seen in unprotected mice or nonvaccinated, ordinarily infected mice. Marked expression of gamma interferon mRNA was detected in the stomach of all protected mice, and 50% of these mice expressed interleukin 4 (IL-4) or IL-5 mRNA. Our findings suggest that local secretory IgA antibody and severe postimmunization gastritis correlate well with protection of mice against H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Antirotavirus Immunoglobulin A Neutralizes Virus In Vitro after Transcytosis through Epithelial Cells and Protects Infant Mice from Diarrhea

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 2708-2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco M. Ruggeri ◽  
Kari Johansen ◽  
Gino Basile ◽  
Jean-Pierre Kraehenbuhl ◽  
Lennart Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Transport ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Rotaviruses are the major cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. Due to their restricted site of replication, i.e., mature enterocytes, local intestinal antibodies have been proposed to play a major role in protective immunity. Whether secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies alone can provide protection against rotavirus diarrhea has not been fully established. To address this question, a library of IgA monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) previously developed against different proteins of rhesus rotavirus was used. A murine hybridoma “backpack tumor” model was established to examine if a single MAb secreted onto mucosal surfaces via the normal epithelial transport pathway was capable of protecting mice against diarrhea upon oral challenge with rotavirus. Of several IgA and IgG MAbs directed against VP8 and VP6 of rotavirus, only IgA VP8 MAbs (four of four) were found to protect newborn mice from diarrhea. An IgG MAb recognizing the same epitope as one of the IgA MAbs tested failed to protect mice from diarrhea. We also investigated if antibodies could be transcytosed in a biologically active form from the basolateral domain to the apical domain through filter-grown Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells expressing the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. Only IgA antibodies with VP8 specificity (four of four) neutralized apically administered virus. The results support the hypothesis that secretory IgA antibodies play a major role in preventing rotavirus diarrhea. Furthermore, the results show that the in vivo and in vitro methods described are useful tools for exploring the mechanisms of viral mucosal immunity.

scholarly journals Immunization with a SyntheticHelicobacter pyloriPeptide Induces Secretory IgA Antibodies and Protects Mice against Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Espinosa-Ramos ◽  
Diana Caballero-Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Gomez-Flores ◽  
Armando Trejo-Chávez ◽  
Luis Jerónimo Pérez-Limón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Th2 Cytokines ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Peptide Antigen ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Th1 And Th2 Cytokines ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Th1 And Th2

Helicobacter pyloriis a spiral Gram-negative bacterium associated with inflammation of the gastric mucosa, peptic ulcer, and gastric adenocarcinoma, whose treatment has failed due to antibiotic resistance and side effects. Furthermore, because there are no vaccines effective againstH. pylori, an appropriate vaccine design targeting conserved/essential genes must be identified. In the present study, aH. pylori50–52 kDa immunogen-derived peptide antigen with the sequence Met-Val-Thr-Leu-Ile-Asn-Asn-Glu (MVTLINNE) was used to immunize againstH. pyloriinfection. For this, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg ofH. pyloripeptide on the first week, followed by two weekly subcutaneous reinforcements and further 109bacteria administration in the drinking water for 3 weeks. Thymic cells proliferative responses to concanavalin A, serum levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-αcytokines, and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 IgM, and IgA immunoglobulins were evaluated. Significant (p<0.05) increases on lymphoproliferation and spleen weights after immunization were observed. In contrast, infection significantly (p<0.05) decreased lymphoproliferation, which was recovered in immunized mice. In addition, levels of serum TH1 and TH2 cytokines were not altered after immunization, except for the significant increase in IL-6 production in immunized and/or infected animals. Moreover, immunization correlated with plasma secretory IgA and IgG, whereas infection alone only elicited IgM antibodies. Peptide immunization protected 100% of mice against virulentH. pylori. MVTLINNE peptide deserves further research as an approach to the prophylaxis ofH. pyloriinfection.

scholarly journals Adherence-Inhibitory Intestinal Immunoglobulin A Antibody Response in Baboons Elicited by Use of a Synthetic Intranasal Lectin-Based Amebiasis Subunit Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 3812-3822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed D. Abd Alla ◽  
Gary L. White ◽  
Tyson B. Rogers ◽  
Max E. Cary ◽  
David W. Carey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Peptide Epitopes ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Lectin Protein ◽  
Intestinal Iga

ABSTRACT We designed an amebiasis subunit vaccine that is constructed by using four peptide epitopes of the galactose-inhibitable lectin heavy subunit that were recognized by intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies from immune human subjects. These epitopes are contained in the region encompassing amino acids 758 to 1134 of the lectin heavy subunit, designated LC3. Baboons (Papio anubis) are natural hosts for Entamoeba histolytica; naturally infected baboons raised in captivity possess serum IgA antibodies to the same four LC3 epitopes as humans. Uninfected, seronegative baboons received four intranasal immunizations at 7-day intervals with the synthetic peptide vaccine (400, 800, or 1,600 μg per nostril) with cholera toxin (20 μg) as the adjuvant. As determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), each dose of the peptide vaccine elicited antipeptide serum IgA and IgG and intestinal IgA antibody responses in all six immunized baboons by day 28, 7 days after the last immunization (P, <0.01 for each dose compared to the cholera toxin control). The peptide vaccine elicited serum IgG and intestinal IgA antibodies that recognized purified recombinant LC3 protein (P, <0.008 and 0.02, respectively) and native lectin protein (P < 0.01). In addition, an indirect immunofluorescence assay with whole trophozoites (P < 0.01) and Western blot analysis confirmed that serum IgG antibodies from vaccinated baboons recognized native lectin protein on the surfaces of axenic E. histolytica trophozoites or from solubilized amebae. All four synthetic peptides were immunogenic; the vaccine elicited dose- and time-dependent responses, as determined by ELISA optical density readings indicating the production of serum and intestinal antibodies (P, <0.02 for antipeptide and antilectin antibodies). As a positive control, intranasal immunization with purified recombinant LC3 protein with cholera toxin as the adjuvant elicited a serum anti-LC3 IgA and IgG antibody response (P, 0.05 and <0.0001, respectively); however, no intestinal anti-LC3 IgA antibody response was observed (P = 0.4). Of interest, serum IgA and IgG antibodies elicited by the recombinant LC3 vaccine did not recognize any of the four putatively protective LC3 peptide epitopes. Both serum and fecal antibodies elicited by the peptide vaccine exhibited neutralizing activity, as determined by their dose-dependent inhibition of the galactose-specific adherence of E. histolytica trophozoites to Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro (P, <0.001 for each group of antibodies compared to the control). In summary, a lectin-based intranasal polylysine-linked synthetic peptide vaccine was effective in eliciting an adherence-inhibitory, intestinal antilectin IgA antibody response in baboons. Future studies with the baboon model will determine vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic E. histolytica intestinal infection.

scholarly journals The Effects of Secretory IgA in the Mucosal Immune System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Liang Jin ◽  
Tongxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Mucosal Immune System ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Antibody Isotype ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Immune Exclusion

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody isotype in the mucosal immune system. Structurally, IgA in the mucosal surface is a polymeric structure, while serum IgA is monomeric. Secretory IgA (sIgA) is one of the polymeric IgAs composed of dimeric IgA, J chain, and secretory component (SC). Most of sIgAs were generated by gut and have effects in situ. Besides the function of “immune exclusion,” a nonspecific immune role, recent studies found it also played an important role in the specific immunity and immunoregulation. Thanks to the critical role of sIgA during the mucosal immune system homeostasis between commensal microorganisms and pathogens; it has been an important field exploring the relationship between sIgA and commensal microorganisms.

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