scholarly journals Assessment of S1, S2 and NCP-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG antibody kinetics in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection by a microarray and twelve other immunoassays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Semmler ◽  
Marianna Theresia Traugott ◽  
Marianne Graninger ◽  
Wolfgang Hoepler ◽  
Tamara Seitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Target Antigen ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

In this study, we comprehensively analyzed multispecific antibody kinetics of different immunoglobulins in hospitalized patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Three-hundred-fifty-four blood samples longitudinally obtained from 81 IgG seroconverting CoVID-19 patients were quantified for spike (S)1, S2, and nucleocapsid protein (NCP)- specific IgM, IgA, IgG, and total Ig antibodies using a microarray, eleven different ELISAs/CLIAs, and one rapid test by seven manufacturers. The assays’ specificity was assessed in 130 non-CoVID19 pneumonia patients. Using the microarray, NCP-specific IgA and IgG antibodies continuously displayed higher detection rates during acute CoVID-19 than S1- and S2-specific ones. S1-specific IgG antibodies, however, reached higher peak values. Until the 26th-day post symptom onset, all patients developed IgG responses against S1, S2, and NCP, respectively. Although detection rates by ELISAs/CLIAs generally resembled those of the microarray, corresponding to the target antigen, sensitivities and specificities varied among all tests. Notably, patients with more severe CoVID-19 displayed higher IgG and IgA levels, but this difference was mainly observed with S1-specific immunoassays. In patients with high SARS-CoV-2 levels in the lower respiratory tract, we observed high detection rates of IgG and total Ig immunoassays with a particular rise of S1-specific IgG antibodies when viral concentrations in the tracheal aspirate subsequently declined over time. In summary, our study demonstrates that differences in sensitivity among commercial immunoassays during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection are only partly related to the target antigen. Importantly, our data indicate that NCP-specific IgA and IgG antibodies are detected earlier, while higher S1-specific IgA antibody levels occur in severely ill patients.

scholarly journals Stable IgG-antibody levels in patients with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Akerlund ◽  
Katherina Zakikhany ◽  
Charlotta Lofstrom ◽  
Evelina Lindmark ◽  
Henrik Kallberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

More knowledge regarding persistence of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infections in the general population with mild symptoms is needed. We measured and compared levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike- and nucleocapsid-specific IgG-antibodies in serum samples from 145 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and 324 non-cases. The IgG-antibody levels against the spike protein in cases were stable over the time-period studied (14 to 256 days), while antibody levels against the nucleocapsid protein decreased over time.

THE CONTENT OF ANTIBODIES TO THE SARS-COV-2 VIRUS IN STUDENTS OF A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.T. Akhmetshina ◽  
◽  
L.G. Gizatullina ◽  
L.M. Masyagutova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

Abstract: Abstract: Today, a request is being formed to prevent the introduction of infection into organized groups by means of the formation of population immunity by methods of specific prevention. Purpose of the work: To carry out the determination of specific IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in students of a higher educational institution, to determine the number of students in need of vaccination. Material and research methods: The level of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the blood serum of students of a higher educational institution was analyzed. An analysis of the strength of immunity shows that the average value of the CP of positive samples is 11.3. A more significant diagnostic level of CP was revealed, indicating a pronounced tension of immunity in students with a history of pneumonia. Among those with a diagnostically significant positive CP level, more than a third of the examined subjects have lower IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 than the average in this group. Consequently, these individuals require dynamic observation and monitoring of antibody levels in order to ensure timely vaccination. Thus, specific IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in half of the examined students, which was 55%. It is this group that is subject to immediate vaccination before undergoing industrial practice. A third of students with low levels of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 need dynamic monitoring of their content.

scholarly journals Serotype-Specific IgG Antibody Waning after Pneumococcal Conjugate Primary Series Vaccinations with either the 10-Valent or the 13-Valent Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els van Westen ◽  
Mirjam Knol ◽  
Alienke Wijmenga-Monsuur ◽  
Irina Tcherniaeva ◽  
Leo Schouls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Primary Series ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics

The two currently available ten- and thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV10 and PCV13) both induce serotype-specific IgG anti-polysaccharide antibodies and are effective in preventing vaccine serotype induced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) as well as in reducing overall vaccine-serotype carriage and transmission and thereby inducing herd protection in the whole population. IgG levels decline after vaccination and could become too low to prevent carriage acquisition and/or pneumococcal disease. We compared the levels of 10-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) pneumococcal vaccine induced serum IgG antibodies at multiple time points after primary vaccinations. Data from two separate studies both performed in the Netherlands in infants vaccinated at 2, 3, and 4 months of age with either PCV10 or PCV13 were compared. Antibody levels were measured at 5, 8, and 11 months of age, during the interval between the primary immunization series and the 11-months booster dose. Serotype-specific IgG levels were determined by multiplex immunoassay. Although antibody kinetics showed significant variation between serotypes and between vaccines for the majority of the 10 shared serotypes, i.e., 1, 5, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, and 23F, antibody concentrations were sufficiently high for both vaccines, immediately after the primary series and throughout the whole period until the booster dose. In contrast, for serotypes 4 and 19F in the PCV10 group and for serotypes 4 and 6B in the PCV13 group, IgG antibody concentrations already come within reach of the frequently used seroprotection level of 0.35 μg/mL immediately after the primary series at the five month time point and/or at eight months. This paper addresses the importance of revealing differences in serotype-specific and pneumococcal vaccine-dependent IgG antibody patterns during the interval between the primary series and the booster dose, an age period with a high IPD incidence. Trial registration: www.trialregister.nl NTR3069 and NTR2316.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the IgG antibody response to SARS CoV-2 infection and performance of a lateral flow immunoassay: cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis over 11 months

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e048142
Author(s):  
Louise J Robertson ◽  
Julie S Moore ◽  
Kevin Blighe ◽  
Kok Yew Ng ◽  
Nigel Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Antibody Levels

ObjectiveTo evaluate the dynamics and longevity of the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and assess the performance of professional use of the UK-RTC AbC-19 Rapid Test lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the target condition of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibodies.DesignNationwide serological study.SettingNorthern Ireland, UK, May 2020–February 2021.ParticipantsPlasma samples were collected from a diverse cohort of individuals from the general public (n=279), Northern Ireland healthcare workers (n=195), pre-pandemic blood donations and research studies (n=223) and through a convalescent plasma programme (n=183). Plasma donors (n=101) were followed with sequential samples over 11 months post-symptom onset.Main outcome measuresSARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in plasma samples using Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgA/IgM, Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG and EuroImmun IgG SARS-CoV-2 ELISA immunoassays over time. UK-RTC AbC-19 LFIA sensitivity and specificity, estimated using a three-reference standard system to establish a characterised panel of 330 positive and 488 negative SARS-CoV-2 IgG samples.ResultsWe detected persistence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies for up to 10 months post-infection, across a minimum of two laboratory immunoassays. On the known positive cohort, the UK-RTC AbC-19 LFIA showed a sensitivity of 97.58% (95.28% to 98.95%) and on known negatives, showed specificity of 99.59% (98.53 % to 99.95%).ConclusionsThrough comprehensive analysis of a cohort of pre-pandemic and pandemic individuals, we show detectable levels of IgG antibodies, lasting over 46 weeks when assessed by EuroImmun ELISA, providing insight to antibody levels at later time points post-infection. We show good laboratory validation performance metrics for the AbC-19 rapid test for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibody detection in a laboratory-based setting.

scholarly journals Systemic and Mucosal Immunizations with Fibronectin-Binding Protein FBP54 Induce Protective Immune Responses against Streptococcus pyogenes Challenge in Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 924-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigetada Kawabata ◽  
Eiji Kunitomo ◽  
Yutaka Terao ◽  
Ichiro Nakagawa ◽  
Ken Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Fibronectin Binding Protein ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Fibronectin Binding ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the suitability of fibronectin-binding protein FBP54 as a putative vaccine forStreptococcus pyogenes infections. When the distribution of the fbp54 gene among the clinical isolates representing various M serotypes was tested by PCR and Southern blot assays, it was found that all of the strains possess this gene. Furthermore, a significant increase in immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers against FBP54 was observed in sera from patients with S. pyogenesinfections compared with those from healthy volunteers (P < 0.005). Mice were immunized with FBP54 subcutaneously, orally, or nasally. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that antigen-specific IgG antibodies were induced in the sera of immunized mice, while high salivary levels of IgA antibodies were detected after oral and nasal immunizations. Mice subcutaneously or orally immunized with FBP54 survived significantly longer following the challenge with S. pyogenes than did nonimmunized mice (P < 0.001). These results indicate that FBP54 is a promising vaccine for the prevention of S. pyogenesinfections.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine among infants attending Mbagathi District Hospital, Kenya

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Michael Walekhwa ◽  
Margaret Muturi ◽  
Elizabeth Bukusi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Antibody Levels

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the serum concentration of IgG antibodies as an indicator of immunogenicity, alongside the assessment of socio-demographic factors that affect IgG antibody levels in infants immunized with 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-10) at the Mbagathi District Hospital in Kenya.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study measured serum IgG antibodies among infants who had completed a 3-dose course of PCV-10. IgG antibodies to pneumococcal serotype-specific capsular polysaccharide were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: The majority (83%) of infants who completed the required dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine had serum titres of pneumococcal disease- (PD) specific IgG antibodies of between 0.34 mg/dl and 0.36 mg/dl. 4% of infants had serum titres of 0.30 mg/dl to 0.33 mg/dl. The remaining 2% had IgG antibody titres of either ≤0.25 mg/dl, or between 0.25 mg/dl to 0.29 mg/dl. Additionally, there was multi-collinearity among the IgG antibody levels of the infants studied and several variables that had an effect on these levels. These included: alcohol consumption by infants’ biological mothers during pregnancy (r =.595, p ≤ 0.05); maternal diet during pregnancy (r =.137, p ≤ 0.05); breastfeeding frequency (r =.220, p ≤ 0.05); proximity to other children (r =.133, p ≤ 0.05); child hospitalization (r =.131, p ≤ 0.05) and chronic illness (r =.154, p ≤0.01).Conclusion: PCV-10 is immunogenic against PD four weeks after completion of 3-doses among the infants attending the Child Welfare clinic at the Mbagathi District Hospital in Kenya. Socio-demographic factors which include consumption of alcoholic drinks by infant’s biological mother during pregnancy and study infant chronic illness negatively affect the development of PD specific IgG. A balanced maternal diet during pregnancy and a breastfeeding frequency superior to three times per day have a significant positive effect on serum pneumococcal IgG levels among infants.

scholarly journals Testing IgG antibodies against the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 is sufficient and necessary for COVID-19 diagnosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Indenbaum ◽  
Ravit Koren ◽  
Shiri Katz-Likvornik ◽  
Mayan Yitzchaki ◽  
Osnat Halpern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Past Exposure ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Diagnostic Capacity ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The COVID-19 pandemic and the fast global spread of the disease resulted in unprecedented decline in world trade and travel. A critical priority is, therefore, to quickly develop serological diagnostic capacity and identify individuals with past exposure to SARS-CoV-2. In this study serum samples obtained from 309 persons infected by SARS-CoV-2 and 324 of healthy, uninfected individuals as well as serum from 7 COVID-19 patients with 4–7 samples each ranging between 1–92 days post first positive PCR were tested by an “in house” ELISA which detects IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. Sensitivity of 47%, 80% and 88% and specificity of 100%, 98% and 98% in detection of IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies, respectively, were observed. IgG antibody levels against the RBD were demonstrated to be up regulated between 1–7 days after COVID-19 detection, earlier than both IgM and IgA antibodies. Study of the antibody kinetics of seven COVID 19 patients revealed that while IgG levels are high and maintained for at least 3 months, IgM and IgA levels decline after a 35–50 days following infection. Altogether, these results highlight the usefulness of the RBD based ELISA, which is both easy and cheap to prepare, to identify COVID-19 patients even at the acute phase. Most importantly our results demonstrate that measuring IgG levels alone is both sufficient and necessary to diagnose past exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Using antibodies to control DNA-templated chemical reactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Baranda Pellejero ◽  
Malihe Mahdifar ◽  
Gianfranco Ercolani ◽  
Jonathan Watson ◽  
Tom Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Dna Interactions ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Templated Synthesis ◽  
Specific Hybridization ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

AbstractDNA-templated synthesis takes advantage of the programmability of DNA-DNA interactions to accelerate chemical reactions under diluted conditions upon sequence-specific hybridization. While this strategy has proven advantageous for a variety of applications, including sensing and drug discovery, it has been so far limited to the use of nucleic acids as templating elements. Here, we report the rational design of DNA templated synthesis controlled by specific IgG antibodies. Our approach is based on the co-localization of reactants induced by the bivalent binding of a specific IgG antibody to two antigen-conjugated DNA templating strands that triggers a chemical reaction that would be otherwise too slow under diluted conditions. This strategy is versatile, orthogonal and adaptable to different IgG antibodies and can be employed to achieve the targeted synthesis of clinically-relevant molecules in the presence of specific IgG biomarker antibodies.

scholarly journals Detection of Genotype-Specific Antibody Responses to Glycoproteins B and H in Primary and Non-Primary Human Cytomegalovirus Infections by Peptide-Based ELISA

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Federica Zavaglio ◽  
Loretta Fiorina ◽  
Nicolás M. Suárez ◽  
Chiara Fornara ◽  
Marica De Cicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Background Strain ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infections ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

Background: Strain-specific antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoproteins B and H (gB and gH) have been proposed as a potential diagnostic tool for identifying reinfection. We investigated genotype-specific IgG antibody responses in parallel with defining the gB and gH genotypes of the infecting viral strains. Methods: Subjects with primary (n = 20) or non-primary (n = 25) HCMV infection were studied. The seven gB (gB1-7) and two gH (gH1-2) genotypes were determined by real-time PCR and whole viral genome sequencing, and genotype-specific IgG antibodies were measured by a peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Among subjects with primary infection, 73% (n = 8) infected by gB1-HCMV and 63% (n = 5) infected by gB2/3-HCMV had genotype-specific IgG antibodies to gB (gB2 and gB3 are similar in the region tested). Peptides from the rarer gB4-gB7 genotypes had nonspecific antibody responses. All subjects infected by gH1-HCMV and 86% (n = 6) infected by gH2-HCMV developed genotype-specific responses. Among women with non-primary infection, gB and gH genotype-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 40% (n = 10) and 80% (n = 20) of subjects, respectively. Conclusions: Peptide-based ELISA is capable of detecting primary genotype-specific IgG responses to HCMV gB and gH, and could be adopted for identifying reinfections. However, about half of the subjects did not have genotype-specific IgG antibodies to gB.

scholarly journals Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins as targets for IgG antibody detection in severe and mild COVID-19 cases using a Luminex bead-based assay

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Marien ◽  
Johan Michiels ◽  
Leo Heyndrickx ◽  
Karen Kerkhof ◽  
Nikki Foque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels

Large-scale serosurveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will only be possible if serological tests are sufficiently reliable, rapid and inexpensive. Current assays are either labour-intensive and require specialised facilities (e.g. virus neutralization assays), or expensive with suboptimal specificity (e.g. commercial ELISAs). Bead-based assays offer a cost-effective alternative and allow for multiplexing to test for antibodies of other pathogens. Here, we compare the performance of four antigens for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in a panel of sera that includes both severe (n=40) and mild (n=52) cases, using a neutralization and a Luminex bead-based assay. While we show that neutralising antibody levels are significantly lower in mild than in severe cases, we demonstrate that a combination of recombinant nucleocapsid protein (NP), receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the whole spike protein (S1S2) results in a highly sensitive (96%) and specific (99%) bead-based assay that can detect IgG antibodies in both groups. Although S1-specific IgG levels correlate most strongly with neutralizing antibody levels, they fall below the detection threshold in 10% of the cases in our Luminex assay. In conclusion, our data supports the use of RBD, NP and S1S2 for the development of SARS-CoV-2 serological bead-based assays. Finally, we argue that low antibody levels in mild/asymptomatic cases might complicate the epidemiological assessment of large-scale surveillance studies.

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