scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Pleistocene organic matter modified by the Hiawatha impact, northwest Greenland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Garde
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Shocked Quartz ◽  
Impact Glass

Microphotographs, Raman methodology, Raman spectra and SEM-EDS spectrum supporting the close association between shocked quartz, impact glass, and organic matter described in the text.<br>

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Pleistocene organic matter modified by the Hiawatha impact, northwest Greenland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Garde
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Shocked Quartz ◽  
Impact Glass

Microphotographs, Raman methodology, Raman spectra and SEM-EDS spectrum supporting the close association between shocked quartz, impact glass, and organic matter described in the text.<br>

Correlation between stability, structural indicators and organic matter in soils used for growing malting barley

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Prieto Méndez ◽  
O. Acevedo Sandoval ◽  
F. Prieto García
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Structural Stability ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Malting Barley

Soil structure stability depends on several factors and its assessment is conducted using different methods and prediction indices. One of the indicators is soil organic matter (SOM), since this helps to keep mineral particles together against destabilizing forces such as wetting and raindrop impact. However, previous studies have emphasized the relationship between aggregate stability and SOM content without considering its type or quality. Therefore, in this study the association between the quality and content of SOM and the structural stability of the surface layer was evaluated in three soils used for growing malting barley in the southern part of Hidalgo State, Mexico. With simple random sampling nine observation points were selected in each soil, where samples were taken in order to determine the stable aggregate size distribution, particle size distribution, content and fractionation of SOM, and the prediction indices of surface sealing and crusting derived from these characteristics. The soils showed low structural stability (except in Apan), as shown by the percentage runoff recorded in the field. There was a close association between the size (from 4 to 2 mm and <0.25 mm) of water-stable aggregates and the different fractions of SOM, while the fulvic acid (FA) fraction had a negative relationship with smaller aggregates (R = −0.84). Finally, it was found that only the FAO crusting index was able to predict the structural stability level in the soil.

scholarly journals Dome C ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorites

2018 ◽  
Vol 609 ◽  
pp. A65 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dartois ◽  
C. Engrand ◽  
J. Duprat ◽  
M. Godard ◽  
E. Charon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Interplanetary Dust Particles ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Carbonyl Absorption Band

Context. UltraCarbonaceous Antarctic MicroMeteorites (UCAMMs) represent a small fraction of interplanetary dust particles reaching the Earth’s surface and contain large amounts of an organic component not found elsewhere. They are most probably sampling a contribution from the outer regions of the solar system to the local interplanetary dust particle (IDP) flux. Aims. We characterize UCAMMs composition focusing on the organic matter, and compare the results to the insoluble organic matter (IOM) from primitive meteorites, IDPs, and the Earth. Methods. We acquired synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (μFTIR) and μRaman spectra of eight UCAMMs from the Concordia/CSNSM collection, as well as N/C atomic ratios determined with an electron microprobe. Results. The spectra are dominated by an organic component with a low aliphatic CH versus aromatic C=C ratio, and a higher nitrogen fraction and lower oxygen fraction compared to carbonaceous chondrites and IDPs. The UCAMMs carbonyl absorption band is in agreement with a ketone or aldehyde functional group. Some of the IR and Raman spectra show a C≡N band corresponding to a nitrile. The absorption band profile from 1400 to 1100 cm-1 is compatible with the presence of C-N bondings in the carbonaceous network, and is spectrally different from that reported in meteorite IOM. We confirm that the silicate-to-carbon content in UCAMMs is well below that reported in IDPs and meteorites. Together with the high nitrogen abundance relative to carbon building the organic matter matrix, the most likely scenario for the formation of UCAMMs occurs via physicochemical mechanisms taking place in a cold nitrogen rich environment, like the surface of icy parent bodies in the outer solar system. The composition of UCAMMs provides an additional hint of the presence of a heliocentric positive gradient in the C/Si and N/C abundance ratios in the solar system protoplanetary disc evolution.

Thermal maturity determination for oil prone organic matter based on the Raman spectra of artificial matured samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 102940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingkui Mi ◽  
Kun He ◽  
Junjia Fan ◽  
Guoyi Hu ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Thermal Maturity

scholarly journals Organic-Matter Activity of Some Typical Soils of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Fernando Abruña-Rodríguez ◽  
José Vicente-Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Close Association ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Considerable Portion

The exchange capacity of the organic matter in typical soils of Puerto Rico was evaluated from: (1) The variation in the exchange capacity of soil samples following destruction of the organic matter, (2) titration curves of extracted organic matter, (3) and the correlations between exchange capacity and organic-matter content of soil samples. The first method was the most practical and gave fairly accurate results. The second method gave results which were in all cases too high. The third method, though probably the most accurate, is impractical. Results obtained with the first and third methods were similar. The exchange capacity of the organic matter varied rather widely, but was generally between 100 and 150 m.e. per 100 gm. On the average it accounted for about 25 percent of the total exchange capacity of the soils studied. The organic matter removed by flotation had the highest exchange capacity and the more readily oxidizable portions generally appeared to be the most active. This suggests the importance of conserving the more readily lost portions of the soil organic matter. A considerable portion of the soil organic matter was extremely resistant to oxidation, had a narrow C:N ratio, and apparently little exchange capacity. This suggests a close association between the organic matter and the inorganic soil colloids. The marked resistance to oxidation of a considerable portion of the organic matter may partly explain the high contents found even in continuously cultivated soils in Puerto Rico.

Redescription and neotype designation of Lobogynium sudhiri (Datta) (Acari: Diplogyniidae), a mite associated with beetles of the genus Atholus (Thomson) (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in the Palaearctic region

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3352 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSIMO PLUMARI ◽  
SHAHROOZ KAZEMI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Anal Area

Ophiocelaeno sudhiri Datta, 1985 (family Diplogyniidae) is transferred to the genus Lobogynium Trägårdh, 1950 and rede-scribed from specimens collected in close association with histerid beetles of the genus Atholus (Thomson) in Europe and Asia.The genus Lobogynium is redefined and a key to the species is presented. The first description of the female, detailed redescrip-tion of the male and the new combination Lobogynium sudhiri (Datta, 1985) comb. nov. are given. A neotype is designated forthis species, because the holotype is lost. A strongly sclerotised antero-lateral circum-anal area appears to be an autapomorphicfeature of this species. Lobogynium sudhiri is widely distributed in the Palaearctic region, and is probably a sapro-coprophilous species that completes its life-cycle in dung and other decaying organic matter.

scholarly journals Dinosaur Eggs Associated with Crustacean Trace Fossils from the Upper Cretaceous of Jiangxi, China: Evidence for Foraging Behavior?

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Lida Xing ◽  
Kecheng Niu ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Tzu-Ruei Yang ◽  
Jianping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Dinosaur Eggs

We report the discovery of concentrated invertebrate inchnofossils in close association with a dinosaur nest from the Hekou Formation in Jiangxi Province, China. The seven dinosaurian eggs reported clearly belong to the Elongatoolithidae and burrow traces were most likely made by small crustaceans. This association prompts the question as to whether invertebrate activity had relations with the buried eggs. This may be just an occasional case or the eggs may have organically increased the content of organic matter in soil which attracted the crustaceans.

NEW LIGHT ON THE ORIGIN OF COOPER BASIN OIL

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H.Taylor G.H.Taylor ◽  
Susie Y. Liu ◽  
Michelle Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Oil Generation ◽  
Terrestrial Sediments ◽  
Major Producer ◽  
Cooper Basin

The Cooper Basin in central Australia is a major producer of gas and oil. It is generally accepted that the organic matter in the Permian terrestrial sediments of the Basin was the source of the oil and gas. However, both the coals and the dispersed organic matter (DOM) are rich in inertinite and both inertinite itself and inertinite-rich organic matter have been widely discounted as a possible source for oil.Recent co-ordinated transmission electron microscope and light microscope work on the inertiniterich coals of the Cooper Basin has shown that up to several per cent of some coal samples are composed of microscopic and sub-microscopic alginite. This includes material that had previously been identified with the light microscope alone as degraded sporinite, liptodetrinite or resinite, as well as algal-derived matter, which is too fine to observe with light microscopy. Much of this material of algal origin was selectively degraded at about the time of its deposition, and this degradation appears likely to have had the effect of further enhancing its potential to yield hydrocarbons. Thus, such material should be ranked among the richest potential sources of hydrocarbons when appropriate diagenetic conditions have been attained. Since inertinite and this kind of alginite occur in particularly close association, the presence of inertinite-rich coals and DOM within potential source rocks should be regarded as a highly favourable rather than an unfavourable, indication (as in the past).The quantity of alginite in the very large volumes of inertinite-rich coal in the Basin is more than adequate to account for the oil accumulations. In the Cooper Basin the coals, rather than the DOM, had the better potential for oil generation.

Removal of natural organic matter using iron oxide-coated membrane systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-H. Choo ◽  
I.-H. Park ◽  
S.-J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Oxide Particle ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Iron Oxide Particle ◽  
Membrane Performance

Natural organic matter (NOM) removal and membrane fouling were investigated using iron oxide-coated microfiltration (MF) systems for drinking water treatment. Addition of iron oxide particle (IOP) adsorbents into MF always improved NOM removal and reduced fouling, but IOP dosing methods did affect the membrane performance. The IOP coating layer formed on the membrane surface played a major role in preventing membrane fouling by residual NOM in water. Pre-mixing of IOP with raw water followed by continuous injection into the MF system controlled membrane fouling better than pre- and intermittent loadings of IOP. This could be in close association with the distribution of IOPs across the hollow fiber MF surfaces and the effectiveness of contact of IOP with feedwater. The turbidity of water influenced the MF system with intermittent IOP loads more greatly than that with IOP in suspension. There existed an optimal IOP dose where membrane fouling can be minimized achieving maximal NOM removal.

Mesozoic Hydrothermal Overprint on Carboniferous Bauxite in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Wang ◽  
Qingfei Wang ◽  
I. Tonguç Uysal ◽  
Erick Ramanaidou ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
South China ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
North China ◽  
South China Block ◽  
The South ◽  
North China Block ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South

Abstract Bauxite is the world’s main source of aluminum and typically consists of gibbsite, boehmite, and minor amounts of diaspore. However, bauxite deposits from the North and South China blocks consist mostly of diaspore and associated minerals, including anatase and illite. Much of this illite is authigenic and occurs as three polytypes (1M, 1Md, and 2M1), with Kübler indices ranging from 0.23 to 0.47 indicating precipitation temperatures of 175° to 300°C. The Raman spectra of anatase show an intensity ratio of &lt;1.5 for G (~1,600 cm–1) and D bands (~1,350 cm–1) diagnostic of organic matter, suggesting its presence during bauxite sedimentation followed by heating (165° to 270°C). The K-Ar ages of authigenic illite from the South China block (178–137 Ma) and the North China block (214–203 Ma) are synchronous with known regional Mesozoic tectono-thermal events generating hydrothermal overprints resulting in (1) the formation of illite, (2) the conversion of some diaspores from thermal of gibbsite and boehmite, and (3) the heating of anatase postsedimentation of the Carboniferous bauxites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document