Solid-phase carbothermic reduction of the components of chrome-iron ore raw materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (12) ◽  
pp. 1128-1130
Author(s):  
O. V. Zayakin ◽  
V. I. Zhuchkov ◽  
D. D. Izbembetov ◽  
O. E. Privalov ◽  
M. M. Kospanov
Keyword(s):  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials

scholarly journals Fe3O4@C Nanoparticles Synthesized by In Situ Solid-Phase Method for Removal of Methylene Blue

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Hengli Xiang ◽  
Genkuan Ren ◽  
Yanjun Zhong ◽  
Dehua Xu ◽  
Zhiye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
High Concentrations

Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were prepared by an in situ, solid-phase reaction, without any precursor, using FeSO4, FeS2, and PVP K30 as raw materials. The nanoparticles were utilized to decolorize high concentrations methylene blue (MB). The results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles was 18.52 mg/g, and that the adsorption process was exothermic. Additionally, by employing H2O2 as the initiator of a Fenton-like reaction, the removal efficiency of 100 mg/L MB reached ~99% with Fe3O4@C nanoparticles, while that of MB was only ~34% using pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The mechanism of H2O2 activated on the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles and the possible degradation pathways of MB are discussed. The Fe3O4@C nanoparticles retained high catalytic activity after five usage cycles. This work describes a facile method for producing Fe3O4@C nanoparticles with excellent catalytic reactivity, and therefore, represents a promising approach for the industrial production of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles for the treatment of high concentrations of dyes in wastewater.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrB2/h-BN Multiphase Ceramics by Low-Temperature Reactive Sintering

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Rui Zhai ◽  
Ke Shan ◽  
Ruo Meng Xu ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Zhong Zhou Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Multiphase Ceramics ◽  
Strength And Toughness

In the present paper, the ZrB2/h-BN multiphase ceramics were fabricated by SPS (spark plasma sintering) technology at lower sintering temperature using h-BN, ZrO2, AlN and Si as raw materials and B2O3 as a sintering aid. The phase constitution and microstructure of specimens were analyzed by XRD and SEM. Moreover, the effects of different sintering pressures on the densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2/h-BN multiphase ceramics were also systematically investigated. The results show that the ZrB2 was obtained through solid phase reaction at different sintering pressures, and increasing sintering pressure could accelerate the formation of ZrB2 phase. As the sintering pressure increasing, the fracture strength and toughness of the sintered samples had a similar increasing tendency as the relative density. The better comprehensive properties were obtained at given sintering pressure of 50MPa, and the relative density, fracture strength and toughness reached about 93.4%, 321MPa and 3.3MPa·m1/2, respectively. The SEM analysis shows that the h-BN grains were fine and uniform, and the effect of sintering pressure on grain size was inconspicuous. The distribution of grain is random cross array, and the fracture texture was more obvious with the increase of sintering pressure. The fracture mode of sintered samples remained intergranular fracture mechanism as sintering pressure changed, and the grain refinement, grain pullout and crack deflection helped to increase the mechanical properties.

Adjustment of a technology of cast iron smelting in the blast furnace of jsc "ural steel" w ith a volume of 1232 см3 with charge h a v in g 95% share of Mikhailovskii GOK pellets

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 768-775
Author(s):  
I. F. Iskakov ◽  
G. A. Kunitsyn ◽  
D. V. Lazarev ◽  
А. А. Red`kin ◽  
S. A. Trubitsyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
A Charge

To use effectively internal raw material base, JSC “Ural Steel” accomplished I category major overhaul of the blast furnace No. 2. The main purpose of the overhaul was to design a rational profile which could ensure an ability to operate with a charge containing 95 % of Mikhailovskii GOK (mining and concentrating plant) pellets having basicity of 0.5 by CaO/SiO2. The blast furnace No. 2 having useful volume of 1232 m3, was constructed by design of Danieli Corus, the Netherlands, and was blown in on December 30, 2020. In the process of guarantee tests, step-by-step increase of Mikhailovskii GOK pellets (Fetotal = 60.5 %, CaO/SiO2 = 0.5) content in the charge iron ore part was being accomplished from 55 to 95.1%. Charging of the blend containing pellets in the amount of 55% of iron ore part, was done by charging system 4OOCC + 1COOCC (Ore - Coke) with filling level 1.5 m. Under conditions of pellets part increase in the blend, the charging system was changed to decrease their content at the periphery, to increase it in the ore ridge zone and make it intermediate between periphery and the ore ridge. At the pellets share in the iron ore raw materials 0.75 the charging system was used as the following: 3OOCC + 1COOC + 1COOCC, while at the content 95.1% the following charging system was used: 2COOC + 2COOC + 1COOCC. It was noted that in the period of guarantee tests the furnace running was smooth. The average silicon content in the hot metal was 0.70% at the standard deviation 0.666. Sulfur content in the hot metal did not exceed 0.024%, the blowing and natural gas consumption figures were 2100 m3/min and 11000 m3/min correspondently, oxygen content in the blowing 26.5%, hot blowing and top smoke pressure figures were 226.5 and 109.8 KPa correspondently. The productivity of the furnace was reached as high as 2358 t/day at the specific coke rate 433 kg/t of hot metal. After guarantee tests completion, the pellets content in the iron ore part was decreased gradually from 95 down to 50%. The decreasing was made by 5% in every 6 hours of operation. Application of the mastered technology of the blast furnace No. 2 with the increased share of pellets will enable to stably supply the blast furnaces No. 1, 3 and 4 by iron ore raw materials in the proportion of 30-35% of pellets and 65-70% of sinter.

INTEGRAL INDEX OF QUALITY OF IRON ORE RAW MATERIALS AND PREDICTING COMPOSITION OF PIG IRON

Metallurg ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
P.I. Chernousov ◽  
S.N. Seregin ◽  
R.E. Grishin ◽  
Ya.S. Tsvily
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Index Of Quality

scholarly journals Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Bulgur (Antep Type) Produced from Durum Wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Ibrahim Yousif ◽  
Mustafa Bayram ◽  
Songul Kesen
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Volatile Flavor Compounds ◽  
Volatile Flavor ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Bulgur is enjoyed and rediscovered by many people as a stable food because of its color, flavor, aroma, texture, and nutritional and economical values. There is more than one type of bulgur overall the world according to production techniques and raw materials. The volatile compounds of bulgur have not been explored yet. In this study, Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GS-MS) methods were used to determine the volatile flavor compounds of bulgur (Antep type, produced from Durum wheat). Approaching studies were used and the results were optimized to determine the ideal conditions for the extraction and distinguish the compounds responsible for the flavor of bulgur. Approximately, 47 and 37 important volatile compounds were determined for Durum wheat and bulgur, respectively. The study showed that there was a great diversity of volatiles in bulgur produced using Durum wheat and Antep type production method. These can lead to a better understanding of the combination of compounds that give a unique flavor with more researches.

scholarly journals Iron-Ore Sintering Process Optimization / Optymalizacja Procesu Aglomeracji Rudy Żelaza

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2895-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fröhlichová ◽  
D. Ivanišin ◽  
A. Mašlejová ◽  
R. Findorák ◽  
J. Legemza
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron Ore Sintering ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The work deals with examination of the influence of the ratio between iron ore concentrate and iron ore on quality of produced iron ore sinter. One of the possibilities to increase iron content in sinter is the modification of raw materials ratio, when iron ore materials are added into sintering mixture. If the ratio is in favor of iron ore sinter, iron content in resulting sintering mixture will be lower. If the ratio is in favor of iron ore concentrate and recycled materials, which is more finegrained, a proportion of a fraction under 0.5 mm will increase, charge permeability property will be reduced, sintering band performance will decrease and an occurrence of solid particulate matter in product of sintering process will rise. The sintering mixture permeability can be optimized by increase of fuel content in charge or increase of sinter charge moisture. A change in ratio between concentrate and iron ore has been experimentally studied. An influence of sintering mixture grain size composition, a charge grains shape on quality and phase composition on quality of the produced iron sinter has been studied.

scholarly journals Determination of pesticide residues by chromatographic methods for food safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Tereshchenko ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Kursenko ◽  
O. I. Khyzhan ◽  
O. I. Khyzhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Variable Component ◽  
Selective Solvents

The paper presents the methodology of preparation of samples of oilseeds, lettuce, apples for research by chromatographic control of xenobiotics of the following chemical groups of pesticides: benzimidazole derivatives, anilinopyrimidine derivatives, bipyridylium derivatives. The implementation of the following processes is considered: homogenization of the sample, purification of the extract by solid-phase or liquid-liquid extraction, obtaining a plant extract, obtaining an extract of analytes. For fine-grained homogenized samples of sunflower seeds, the optimal ratio of raw material -extragent is 1:20, for pasty homogenized samples of apple fruit - 1:10, for liquid samples of homogenized lettuce - 1: 5. Analysis of the distribution of xenobiotics in the system octane/water, the dipole moment of solvents allowed to determine the extractants that are able to dissolve and remove xenobiotics from raw materials. It was found that a mixture of acetonitrile and methanol (4: 1) should be used to remove benzimidazole derivatives and anilinopyrimidine derivatives, bipyridylium derivatives are best extracted with methanolic trifluoroacetic acid (9.5: 0.5). Quantitative analysis of xenobiotics content in extracts obtained from samples artificially enriched with xenobiotics was performed. The most complete xenobiotics were removed from samples of plant products containing traces of fat. The most difficult process of sample preparation is the process of obtaining sunflower seed extract. The content of xenobiotics in extracts obtained from samples artificially enriched in analytes is influenced by the temperature at which the process takes place and the duration of extraction. Based on the chemical composition of the sample matrix and the list of analytes, the conditions of the variable component of the methodology are proposed: obtaining plant extract under the action of selective solvents, homogenized raw material-solvent with constant stirring of the extraction system at 180-200 rpm, or under the action of ultrasonic vibrations with a frequency of 37 kHz from 4°C to 25°C for 5-25 minutes. The control of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the studied plant extracts and analyte extracts was investigated by the methods of high-performance liquid and gas chromatography (liquid and gas) with mass-selective detectors.

scholarly journals Problems of a Transport Complex of Mining and Processing Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 02034
Author(s):  
Alla Semykina ◽  
Nikolay Zagorodniy ◽  
Yuliya Fomenko ◽  
Alexey Konev
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rational System ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Transport Complex

The article considers problems of a transport complex of mining and processing plants. Requirements for quarry transport are presented. The production process and technological operations of the transportation process are considered. The ways of solving the problems of the transportation process are determined. It is established that when creating a rational system for transporting iron ore raw materials, it is possible to reduce material costs and losses during transportation.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Carbothermic Reduction of Iron Ore-Coke Composite Mixtures by Microwave Heating

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Antunes de Medeiros ◽  
Leonardo Martins da Silva ◽  
Márcio Teodoro Fernandes ◽  
Daniel Gomes de Souza dos Santos ◽  
José Adilson de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Reduction Of Iron
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