AB1130 LOCALIZATION OF MRI INFLAMMATORY LESIONS OF THE HAND IN SCLERODERMA AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - COMPARATIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1854-1855
Author(s):  
B. Stamenković ◽  
A. Stankovic ◽  
S. Stojanović ◽  
V. Živković ◽  
D. Djordjevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lunate Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Synovitis Score ◽  
Erosion Score ◽  
Capitate Bone ◽  
Bone Oedema

Background:Inflammatory lesions of hand are frquent clinical feature in rheumatoid artritis (RA), with lower frequency in pts with systemic sclerosis (SSc), also. MR is useful method for detecting and quantification of inflammatory lesion of the hand (bone oedema, erosions, synovitis) in RA and SSc.Objectives:The aim of the study was to compare MR hand feature in SSc (experimental) and RA (control group) and to detect the localisation of the highest OMERACT RAMRISinflammatory score on the hand in pts with SSc and RAMethods:110 pts with SSc and 60 with RA were investigated (mean age 53y). All the pts underwenr clinical examination, X ray and MR on the dominant hand and wrist. Contrast enhanced low field MRI of the wrist and MCP2-5 joints was performend to all the pts. MRI inflammatory changes (bone oedema,erosions, synovitis)were assessed and scored by OMERACT RAMRIS scoring system.Results:Clinical examination confirmed synovitis in 17.1%, and 78% of patients with SSc using MR I (p <0.001). In the SSc group, erosions (by MR method) was confirmed in 52 (63.4%), by radiography in 22 pts (27.5%), which is a significantly lower percentage (p <0.001). In the control RA group, erosion was confirmed in 34 (97.1%) by MR method, and by radiography in 6 (17.1%), which is a statistically significant difference (p <0.001). Mean values of total MR score of synovitis (2.69 ± 2.29: 4.37 ± 1.31), oedema (6.58 ± 10.89: 20.57 ± 10.23) and erosion (6.84 ± 7, 43: 18.60 ± 5.01) on the wrist of the dominant hand were significantly higher in subjects with control RA than in those in the experimental SSc (p < 0.001). Mean values of total MR score of synovitis (3.15 ± 2.95: 5.26 ± 2.09), oedema (3.99 ± 9.82: 10, 51 ± 7.90) and erosion (4, 04 ± 4.76: 9.69 ± 4.27) on the MCP joints of the dominant hand were significantly higher in the control RA subjects (p <0.001).The highest OMERACR RAMRIS synovitis score was on distal radioulnar (DRU joint) of hand in SSc and also In RA pts. The highest erosion score was found on capitate bone in SSc, but in lunate bone in RA pts. The highest bone oedema score was also found on capitate bone in SSc, but in lunate bone in RA pts. According to the MCP joints, the highest synovitis score was found on the second finger in SSc and RA, highest erosion score also on the second finger in SSc, but on the third finger in RA; The highest bone oedema score was found on the third finger in SSc, and olso on the third and fifth finger in RA ptsConclusion:MR inflammatory lesions in SSc are less frequent compared to that in RA but still in significant percentage, confirming the need for early detection and aggressive treatment of both, RA and SSc patients with joint involvementReferences:[1]Avouac J, Walker UA, Hachulla E, Riemekasten G, Cuomo G, Carreira PE, et al. Joint and tendon involvement predict disease progression in systemic sclerosis: a EUSTAR prospective study. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2016;75(1):103–9.[2]Abdel-Magied RA, Lotfi A, AbdelGawad EA. Magnetic resonance imaging versus musculoskeletal ultrasonography in detecting inflammatory arthropathy in systemic sclerosis patients with hand arthralgia. Rheumatology international. 2013;33(8):1961–6.doi:10.1007/s00296-013-2665-8.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

MRI bone oedema is the strongest predictor of subsequent radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a 2-year randomised controlled trial (CIMESTRA)

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Hetland ◽  
B Ejbjerg ◽  
K Hørslev-Petersen ◽  
S Jacobsen ◽  
A Vestergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Synovitis Score ◽  
Erosion Score ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Bone Oedema

Objective:To identify predictors of radiographic progression in a 2-year randomised, double-blind, clinical study (CIMESTRA) of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:Patients with early RA (n = 130) were treated with methotrexate, intra-articular betamethasone and ciclosporin/placebo-ciclosporin. Baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the wrist (wrist-only group, n = 130) or MRI of wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints (wrist+MCP group, n = 89) (OMERACT RAMRIS), x-ray examination of hands, wrists and forefeet (Sharp/van der Heijde Score (TSS)), Disease Activity Score (DAS28), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), HLA-DRB1-shared epitope (SE) and smoking status were assessed. Multiple regression analysis was performed with delta-TSS (0–2 years) as dependent variable and baseline DAS28, TSS, MRI bone oedema score, MRI synovitis score, MRI erosion score, anti-CCP, smoking, SE, age and gender as explanatory variables.Results:Baseline values: median DAS28 5.6 (range 2.4–8.0); anti-CCP positive 61%; radiographic erosions 56%. At 2 years: DAS28 2.0 (0.5–5.7), in DAS remission: 56%, radiographic progression 26% (wrist+MCP group, similar for wrist-only group). MRI bone oedema score was the only independent predictor of delta-TSS (wrist+MCP group: coefficient = 0.75 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.94), p<0.001; wrist-only group: coefficient = 0.59 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.77), p<0.001). Bone oedema score explained 41% of the variation in the progression of TSS (wrist+MCP group), 25% in wrist-only group (Pearson’s r = 0.64 and r = 0.50, respectively). Results were confirmed by sensitivity analyses.Conclusion:In a randomised controlled trial aiming at remission in patients with early RA, baseline RAMRIS MRI bone oedema score of MCP and wrist joints (and of wrist only) was the strongest independent predictor of radiographic progression in hands, wrists and forefeet after 2 years. MRI synovitis score, MRI erosion score, DAS28, anti-CCP, SE, smoking, age and gender were not independent risk factors.Trial registration number:NCT00209859.

scholarly journals Investigating the Sociocultural Factors That Affect Learning a Second Language (on the Example of English)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hatim H. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Social

The present study investigates the sociocultural factors that affect second language learning. The investigation is built under five factors that are presumed to affect second language learning. The first factor is related to the effects of personality traits that are linked to second language learning, such as: self-efficiency, willingness, extraversion, and introversion, etc. The second factor pertains to motivation and second language learning. The third one is stereotyping and its effects on second language learning. The fourth is about social distance as a sociocultural factor of second language learning. And the fifth factor is about attitude. The study looks for how much effects do the factors mentioned so far have got in second language learning. A questionnaire is constructed to extract perceptions about the hypothesized factors from 62 participants. Responses are analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to get statistical descriptions about the factors that mostly affect second language learning. The analytic statistics gives the following mean values for each factor: attitude = 20.58, stereotype = 20.00, motivation = 19.84, social distance = 19.74, and personality 18.85. The study concludes with the consensus belief that attitude is a crucial factor of second language learning.

scholarly journals Morphological Associations between the Distal Radioulnar Joint and the Lunate

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Beaulieu ◽  
Flavien Mauler
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Distal Radioulnar Joint ◽  
Ulnar Variance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lunate Bone ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Radioulnar Joint ◽  
The Mean

Background Variations in morphology of the carpal bones have been described. Their implication in wrist disease and specific kinematic features has been recognized, and a better knowledge of these variations is essential. Questions/Purpose To radiographically determine any association between the morphological variations of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and the lunate bone. Materials and Methods Radiographs of 100 wrists of patients presenting to the emergency department with wrist pain and referred to our outpatient clinic were retrospectively reviewed for DRUJ inclination, ulnar variance, and radiocarpal and midcarpal morphology of the lunate. Results There were 51 females and 49 males, mean age 51.2 years (range: 21–94). There was a statistically significant association between the DRUJ inclination and the morphology of the radiocarpal side of the lunate (p < 0.001). The mean values of ulnar variance changed according to DRUJ inclination and the radiocarpal side of the lunate (p < 0.001) but not according to the midcarpal side of the lunate. There was no significant association between the morphology of the DRUJ and the midcarpal side of the lunate or between the midcarpal and the radiocarpal morphology of the lunate. Conclusion This study demonstrated a statistically significant association at the radiocarpal level between the DRUJ inclination, ulnar variance, and the morphology of the lunate. No association was found with the morphology of the midcarpal side of the lunate. Accordingly, a classification of these carpal associations is proposed, highlighting seven main wrist configurations. Clinical Relevance These associations can guide future studies of wrist kinematics.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic and High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Systemic Sclerosis Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigit E. Kersten ◽  
Khalid Daoudi ◽  
Cornelia H van den Ende ◽  
Frank H van den Hoogen ◽  
Chris L. de Korte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Primary Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Abstract Introduction: Systemic sclerosis starts with an early phase characterized by Raynauds phenomenon, puffy fingers/hands, autoantibodies and a scleroderma nailfold­microscopic pattern. Alterations in the nailfoldmicroscopic pattern are not evident in all early SSc patients. Photoacoustics(PA) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) could fulfill this need. The former can measure oxygen saturation while the latter can measure skin thickening. We hypothesize that photoacoustics and high-frequency ultrasound can distinguish (early) SSc patients from individuals with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) by measuring oxygenation of the fingertip and skin thickening.Methods: We compared measurements of the third finger in (early)SSc patients to healthy and PRP individuals. The level of oxygenation and skin thickness were compared between groups. Nailfoldcapillaroscopy was performed on all subjects.Results: Thirty-one adult subjects participated in this study: twelve patients with SSc, 5 patients with early SSc, 5 volunteers with PR and 9 healthy controls. We found a significant difference in oxygen saturation between (early) SSc patients (80.8% ± 8.1 and 77,9% ± 10.5 ) and individuals with PRP (93.9% ± 1.1). Measurements of skin thickening showed a significant difference in (early) SSc patients compared to individuals with PRP (0.48 ± 0.06 mm and 0.51 ±0.16 mm vs. 0.27 ± 0.01 mm). There was no significant difference between healthy and PRP individuals in oxygenation or skin thickening.Conclusion: Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound can distinguish between (early)SSc, PRP and healthy individuals in both oxygenation and skin thickening.

scholarly journals Warm-up effect on handgrip strength in sedentary and overweight women

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Hernández-Martínez ◽  
Maria Rauch-Gajardo ◽  
Diego Cisterna ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽  
Jason Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Sedentary Women ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Special Relevance

Introduction: The evaluation of handgrip strength has gain special relevance in the area of health. However, a standardized protocol of application is required to measure it, including warm-up procedures.Objective: To compare the acute effects of different warm-up strategies on maximal handgrip strength (MHS) in sedentary and overweight women.Materials and methods: Single-blind, randomized, cross-over study in which MHS was measured in 12 overweight women under the following conditions: i) no warm-up (control condition), ii) static stretching warm-up, iii) strength-based warm-up (i.e., resistance band exercise), and iv) isometric squeezing-ball warm-up for the forearm muscles. A Jamar dynamometer was used for the measurements, which were taken on four different days, at 48-hour rest intervals; three measurement were made per hand.Results: MHS mean values were 23.8 and 24.9 kg without warm-up, 20.3 and 21.4 kg after stretching warm-up, 20.9 and 22.9 kg after strength-based warm-up, and 22.0 and 23.0 kg after squeezing-ball warm-up for non-dominant and dominant hand, respectively. No significant (p>0.05; one-way ANOVA) differences were observed between protocols, nor differences in MHS in relation to nutritional status, lean mass or fat mass.Conclusion: Warm-up is not required to measure MHS in overweight sedentary women when three measurements are made.

Improved dialysis method for free thyroxin in serum compared with five commercial radioimmunoassays in nonthyroidal illness and subjects with abnormal concentrations of thyroxin-binding globulin.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 816-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Helenius ◽  
K Liewendahl
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Nonthyroidal Illness ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dialysis Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract We describe a method for free thyroxin (FT4) in serum, based on radioimmunoassay of T4 in serum dialysate, FT4(D). The method is analytically accurate, sensitive, reproducible, and suitable for routine use in the clinical laboratory. We compared results by this method with those obtained with five commercial FT4 assays (Amerlex, GammaCoat, ImmoPhase, LiquiSol, Spiria) and the free T4 index (FT4I). In several of the patients with nonthyroidal illness FT4(D) was above normal and FT4 as measured with the commercial assays was subnormal. In the third trimester of pregnancy all the FT4 methods gave decreased mean values, though the decreases were of various magnitudes: FT4(D) 32%, Amerlex 44%, GammaCoat 40%, Spiria 19%, LiquiSol 16%, and ImmoPhase 13%, respectively. FT4I was significantly higher than normal during late pregnancy. In women taking oral contraceptives the mean FT4I was increased, but there was no significant effect on the results obtained with the various FT4 methods. All subjects with hereditarily high or low serum thyroxin-binding globulin had normal FT4(D) and abnormal FT4I. Amerlex, ImmoPhase, and LiquiSol misclassified some of the subjects with hereditarily abnormal thyroxin-binding globulin.

Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation on Cardiovascular Parameters: An Absence of Biologically Significant Findings?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Miró ◽  
Carmen Cano ◽  
Gualberto Buela-Casal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
The Third

Abstract The present study analyzes the variations of heart rate (HR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) during 60 h of total sleep deprivation (TSD). All variables were evaluated every 2 h in a resting condition, during the performance of a vigilance task. Thirty healthy volunteers (15 men and 15 women) from 18 to 24 years old participated in the experiment. The analyses of variance (ANOVAS) with repeated measures showed some modifications of HR and SBP mean values mainly marked by circadian oscillations. The circadian oscillations had a smaller amplitude for SBP than for HR. HR showed a slight decrease on the second night of TSD and a slight increase on the third day of TSD. SBP decreased during the first 24 h of TSD and after that maintained its values without significant changes. DBP did not show any significant variations during TSD. In addition, there were no differences in function of gender for the TSD effect on the studied variables. All these statistically significant findings, however, seem to have no biological or clinical relevance. These aspects as well as the possible relationships between our results and activation or stress levels during TSD are discussed.

Monitoring the results of enamel demineralization treatment with the caries infiltration method (according to laser fluorescence value)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
D. A. Krivtsova ◽  
E. E. Maslak
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Fluorescence Method ◽  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infiltration Method

Relevance. In the actual dentistry a special place takes opportune diagnosis of early stages of dental caries and effective non-surgical treatment. In the recent times new approaches, technologies and methods for diagnosing focal demineralization of tooth enamel have been developed, among which the laser fluorescence method is widely used. Purpose. To study the results of local enamel demineralization treatment with the caries infiltration method according to laser fluorescence value. Materials and methods. The method of caries infiltration was applied in 99 permanent teeth with local enamel demineralization in 15 children aged 10-16 years. Laser fluorescence method was used for enamel demineralization assessment before and immediately after the treatment, after 6, 12 and 18 months. Three study groups were formed according to laser fluorescence value before the treatment: the first one – values 14-20 (initial enamel demineralization), the second one – values 21-29 (deep enamel demineralization), the third one – values ≥ 30 (enamel and dentine demineralization). Proportions (%), mean-values and standard errors (M±m) were calculated, significance (p) of differences was assessed according to Students’ criteria (t) at p < 0.05. Results. During 18 months after caries infiltration caries cavities forming were not revealed. The mean-values of laser fluorescence were in the first group before the treatment 17.38 ± 0.27, after the treatment 5.00±0.82, after 18 months – 4.82 ± 0.79; in the second group 25.42 ± 0.38, 15.25 ± 0.78 and 13.96 ± 0.75, in the third group 33.08 ± 0.69, 22.54 ± 1.39 and 20.77 ± 1.44 respectively. The differences between the values before and after the treatment were significant statistically (p < 0,001) in all groups. After 18 months the laser fluorescence values corresponding to healthy enamel were revealed in 94.1% cases in the first group, in 50.0% cases in the second group, and in 7.7% cases in the third group.Conclusions. Local enamel demineralization treatment of permanent teeth in children with the caries infiltration method prevented caries cavity forming. Monitoring laser fluorescence values revealed that the results of the treatment with the caries infiltration method depended on the depth of dental hard tissue demineralization. 

Kinetic analysis of experimental rabbit tumour and inflammation model with 18F-FDG PET/CT

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Huang ◽  
S. Dong ◽  
L. Wan ◽  
P. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Difference

SummaryNon-specific accumulation of 18F-FDG by both tumour and inflammatory lesions can make diagnostic analysis difficult. Our aim was to explore the difference in 18F-FDG uptake kinetics between tumour and inflammatory cells. To this end, we investigated VX2 tumour lesions and inflammatory lesions in rabbits. Methods: Six rabbits with VX2 tumour cells transplanted into one forelimb muscle and inflammatory lesions induced by turpentine oil in the contralateral forelimb were scanned for 60 minutes post 18F-FDG injection. Imaging data was analyzed with the standard 2-tissue-compartment model. Parameters, VB, Ki, K1, k2, k3, k4, were compared between tumour and inflammatory lesions. SUV and dual time scan methods were also compared in the experiment. Results: Time activity curves of VX2 tumour lesions showed a characteristic pattern of gradually increasing 18F-FDG uptake up to 60 min, whereas, 18F-FDG uptake in inflammatory lesions increased more slowly than in tumours. Parameters estimated from the uptake process showed that forward transport constant, K1, and influx constant, Ki, values in VX2 tumour lesions (0.186 ± 0.053 and 0.048 ± 0.014, respectively) was significantly higher than that in inflammatory lesions (0.129 ± 0.024 and 0.022 ± 0.007, respectively) (p < 0.05). In contrast, mean values of VB, k2, k3 and k4 derived from VX2 tumours were not significantly different from that of inflammatory lesions. SUVs at 60 minutes post 18F-FDG injection were also significantly higher in the VX2 tumor lesions than in the inflammatory lesions. Retention index (RI) was not significantly different between VX2 tumours and inflammatory lesions (1.134 ± 0.076 vs. 1.060 ± 0.058, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Different kinetic parameters (Ki, K1, k3) exist between inflammatory and tumour lesions.

IV. Magnetic observations made at Stonyhurst College Observatory, from April 1863 to March 1870

1871 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Horizontal Force ◽  
Single Observation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Magnetic Elements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Residual Errors

Results of Seven Years' Observations of the Pip and Horizontal Force . In a paper published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1863, the President of the Royal Society enters into a discussion of a six years’ series of the Kew Magnetic Observations, with the view of ascertaining whether the sun’s position with reference to the earth really produces a sensible semiannual inequality in the terrestrial magnetic elements. The probability of the existence of such a disturbing cause, founded on a comparison of the monthly determinations of the Dip and Horizontal Force taken at Hobarton and at Toronto, was made much more evident by Sir Edward Sabine’s discussion of the Kew observations; and it was from a desire of bringing more data to bear upon this important question that the reduction of the seven years’ observations, just completed at this observatory, has been undertaken. With this object in view, it was considered of great importance to adhere closely to the plan laid down by Sir Edward Sabine, and to present the results, for the sake of comparison, in three Tables. The first contains the mean monthly determinations of the elements, with their deduced mean values and secular variation, the second presents a view of the semiannual inequality, and the third gives the residual errors and the consequent most probable errors of any single observation and of the deduced mean values of the elements. Magnetic observations were first taken at Stonyhurst in 1858, but the continuous, series of monthly determinations of the Dip, Declination, and Intensity were only commencedin March 1863. The same instruments, i. e . a dip-circle by Barrow and a Jones unifilar, have been used throughout the whole seven years. These instruments were both tested at Kew before being sent to this observatory, and the dip-circle was again examined there last January with most satisfactory results. The constants of the vibration-magnet were determined by Mr. W else, and are given in the Proceedings of the Royal Society for February 1865. In calculating the value of the Horizontal Force, it has never been found necessary to apply any correction for the arc of vibration, which has always been small, nor for the Frodsham chronometer, whose rate has never exceeded 2 s per day.

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