scholarly journals AB1128 ULTRASOUND SYNOVITIS AND SQUEEZE TEST: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1853.3-1853
Author(s):  
K. Ben Abdelghani ◽  
K. Saadaoui ◽  
A. Fazaa ◽  
S. Miladi ◽  
K. Ouenniche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Longitudinal View ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mtp Joints

Background:The squeeze test or the Gaenslen’s test is an easy and rapid method to identify arthritis in metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints. It’s characterized by tenderness upon lateral compression of MCP or MTP joints. This is a useful clinical exam for the early diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).Objectives:The aim of our study is to assess the real value of that test and its association with synovitis.Methods:A prospective study including RA patients (2010 ACR/EULAR criteria) was conducted at the Rheumatology Department of Mongi Slim Hospital Tunis.US examination was performed by an experimented rheumatologist blinded to clinical data using a machine type Esaote MyLAb 60 with a linear probe of 6-18 MHz. MCP joints were assessed in dorsal longitudinal view, in mode B and Power Doppler.Synovitis was defined and Flexor digitorum Tenosynovitis was defined according to OMERACT.A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Forty-three cases of RA were included. The mean age was 58.92 years [27 - 81]. The sex ratio was 0.16. Among our patients, 46.5% of cases were receiving methotrexate with a mean dose of 15,875 mg / week [7.5 - 22.5]. Corticosteroids were used in 55.8% of our patients with a mean dose of 8.65 mg / day [2.5 - 30]. Moreover, 23.25% of the patients were on biologics.The mean value of morning stiffness was 37 min [0 - 150], the mean value of the global assessment of the disease by the patient was 5/10 [1 - 8]. The Gaenslen’s test was positive bilaterally in 25,6% of cases, in the right hand and in the left one in respectively 39.5% and 27.9% of the patients. Tenosynovitis of the flexors were found clinically in 11.6% case.The mean CRP was 29.7 mg / L [0.2 - 275] and the mean ESR was 65 mm [3 - 120]. The mean value of DAS28 and DAS28CRPwere respectively 5.20 ± 1.43 [2.69 – 9.00] and 4.33 ± 1.43 [1.35 – 8.32]. Overall, 430 joints and 430 flexor tendons were assessed by Ultrasound. Ninety-one synovitis were detected with a mean of 2.56 synovitis in MCP per patient [0 - 10]. Flexor tenosynovitis was found in 53.5% of patients.A statistically significant correlation was found between the squeeze test and presence of ultrasound synovitis of the MCP whatever the site of the synovitis; on the right side (r = 0.507; p < 10-3), or the left one (r = 0.607; p < 10-3) but no correlation between the clinically detected tenosynovitis and the ultrasound tenosynovitis (p = 0.364). We found a significant correlation between the Gleason test and ultrasound tenosynovitis on both side with r = 0.368 and p = 0.015 on the right hand and r = 0.441 and p = 0.003 on the left one.Conclusion:The squeeze test seems to be a very useful and practical clinical examination to easily detect synovitis and aid in the early diagnosis of RADisclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Digit Variability in Carotenoid Scores Obtained with the Veggie Meter: A Pilot Study (P02-001-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velarie Ansu ◽  
Stephanie Dickinson ◽  
Alyce Fly
Keyword(s):  
Indiana University ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Abstract Objectives To determine which digit and hand have the highest and lowest skin carotenoid scores, to compare inter-and-intra-hand variability of digits, and to determine if results are consistent with another subject. Methods Two subjects’ first(F1), second(F2), third(F3) and fifth(F5) digits on both hands were measured for skin carotenoids with a Veggie Meter, for 3 times on each of 18 days over a 37-day period. Data were subjected to ANOVA in a factorial treatment design to determine main effects for hand (2 levels), digits (4), and days (18) along with interactions. Differences between digits were determined by Tukey's post hoc test. Results There were significant hand x digit, hand x day, digit x day, and hand x digit x day interactions and significant simple main effects for hand, digit, and day (all P < 0.001). Mean square errors were 143.67 and 195.62 for subject A and B, respectively, which were smaller than mean squares for all main effects and interactions. The mean scores ± SD for F1, F2, F3, and F5 digits for the right vs left hands for subject A were F1:357.13 ± 45.97 vs 363.74 ± 46.94, F2:403.17 ± 44.77 vs. 353.20 ± 44.13, F3:406.76 ± 43.10 vs. 357.11 ± 45.13, and F5:374.95 ± 53.00 vs. 377.90 ± 47.38. For subject B, the mean scores ± SD for digits for the right vs left hands were F1:294.72 ± 61.63 vs 280.71 ± 52.48, F2:285.85 ± 66.92 vs 252.67 ± 67.56, F3:268.56 ± 57.03 vs 283.22 ± 45.87, and F5:288.18 ± 34.46 vs 307.54 ± 40.04. The digits on the right hand of both subjects had higher carotenoid scores than those on the left hands, even though subjects had different dominant hands. Subject A had higher skin carotenoid scores on the F3 and F2 digits for the right hand and F5 on the left hand. Subject B had higher skin carotenoid scores on F5 (right) and F1 (left) digits. Conclusions The variability due to hand, digit, and day were all greater than that of the 3 replicates within the digit-day for both volunteers. This indicates that data were not completely random across the readings when remeasuring the same finger. Different fingers displayed higher carotenoid scores for each volunteer. There is a need to conduct a larger study with more subjects and a range of skin tones to determine whether the reliability of measurements among digits of both hands is similar across the population. Funding Sources Indiana University.

scholarly journals The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds on rat calvarial defects for bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Chatzipetros ◽  
Spyros Damaskos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Tosios ◽  
Panos Christopoulos ◽  
Catherine Donta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background This study aims at determining the biological effect of 75/25 w/w nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS) scaffolds on bone regeneration, in terms of fraction of bone regeneration (FBR), total number of osteocytes (Ost), and osteocyte cell density (CD), as well as its biodegradability. Methods Two critical-size defects (CSDs) were bilaterally trephined in the parietal bone of 36 adult Sprague-Dawley rats (18 males and 18 females); the left remained empty (group A), while the right CSD was filled with nHAp/CS scaffold (group B). Two female rats died postoperatively. Twelve, 11, and 11 rats were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery, respectively. Subsequently, 34 specimens were resected containing both CSDs. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to determine the FBR, calculated as [the sum of areas of newly formed bone in lateral and central regions of interest (ROIs)]/area of the original defect, as well as the Ost and the CD (Ost/mm2) in each ROI of both groups (A and B). Moreover, biodegradability of the nHAp/CS scaffolds was estimated via the surface area of the biomaterial (BmA) in the 2nd, 4th, and 8th week post-surgery. Results The FBR of group B increased significantly from 2nd to 8th week compared to group A (P = 0.009). Both the mean CD and the mean Ost values of group B increased compared to group A (P = 0.004 and P < 0.05 respectively). Moreover, the mean value of BmA decreased from 2nd to 8th week (P = 0.001). Conclusions Based on histological and histomorphometric results, we support that 75/25 w/w nHAp/CS scaffolds provide an effective space for new bone formation.

Aspects quantitatifs du peuplement des gonades par les cellules germinates chez l'embryon de Caille (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Development ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-648
Author(s):  
Par Eliane Didier ◽  
Noël Fargeix
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Quail Embryo ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regular Increase ◽  
The Right

Quantitative aspects of the colonization of the gonads by germ cells in the quail embryo (Coturnix coturnix japonica) A quantitative analysis made on quail embryos coming from 13 isolated parent couples reveals some significative variations of a genetic origin, between some of the off spring studied: the differences observed concern both the quantitative importance of the colonization of gonads by germ cells and the asymmetrical distribution of PGCs (primordial germ cells) between the two genital ridges. The chronological study of the colonization in the quail shows, as in both the duck and the chick, two periods of rapid and regular increase of the number of gonadic PGC, at stages from 13 to 18 and from 24 to 30 of Hamburger & Hamilton. The distribution of germ cells between the two genital ridges is, at the beginning of the colonization, not very asymmetrical. Between stages 18 and 24 the asymmetry increases and remains stable so that the mean value of D % (percentage of the number of PGC contained in the right gonad) from that moment on is equal to 29–34 %. This value is specific for the quail embryo.

scholarly journals PENGARUH METODE WAFA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ANAK MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DI MI AL-HIDAYAH MANGKUJAJAR KEMBANGBAHU LAMONGAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Musa'adatul Fithriyah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
A Value ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

The Qur'an learning is very fundamental in Islamic education, especially in elementary education. The Qur'an is one of the subjects that must be taught to children. Early education in the Qur'an is expected to produce young people having a strong mental foundation, education not only makes children as prosperous in the world, but also provides sufficient provisions to both improve their religion and practice their scriptures. To be able to practice the Holy Qur'an correctly, children must be guided and taught how to read the Qur'an properly in accordance with the rules of true recitation. In fact the Qur'an learning at MI AL-Hidayah Mangkujajar Kembangbahu Lamongan initially tended to be monotonous for being dominated by conventional learning methods. As a result,  the Qur'an learning only produced generations that could read the Qur'an with the average ability without any sense of love and closeness to the Qur'an instead of having enthusiasm in learning it well. As time goes by, the Qur'an learning at MI Al-Hidayah has increasingly developed by applying the so-called Wafa method. This method teaches children to be able to read and memorize the Qur'an by maximizing the right brain. This is classified as a new method, but it is quite practical and fun in the learning process. The research was aimed at determining the effect of the Wafa method on the ability of children to read the Qur'an at MI Al-Hidayah Mangkujajar Kembangbahu Lamongan. The research method is quantitative with the experimental type of one group pretest-post test, data analysis techniques use the mean pretest and posttest, in addition, to testing the hypothesis it uses the Paired Sample T-Test with the SPSS 16. The results showed the influence of the Wafa method on the children ability to read the Qur'an at MI Al-Hidayah Mangkujajar Kembangbahu Lamongan. It was proven from the results of the analysis through the mean pretest formula, it was obtained a value of 82.92 and increased in the acquisition of the mean value of posttest amounted to 85.75. In addition, in the Paired Sample T-Test based on significance values with SPSS 16, it is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0,000 <0,05, because sig. (2-tailed) of 0,000 is smaller than 0.05, then the hypothesis is accepted and it could be concluded that there is an influence of the WAFA Method on the ability to read the Qur'an at MI Al-Hidayah Mangkujajar Kembangbahu Lamongan.

scholarly journals Association of the dominant handgrip strength with the hand dimensions of adult Bangladeshi female laborers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
Mst Taslima Akter ◽  
Nahid Farhana Amin ◽  
Ahsan Arif
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Digital Slide ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hand Length

The handgrip strength determines the overall physical health and muscle function of the hand. Nowadays in Bangladesh, female laborers are an important source of work force in many industries. Laborers require more handgrip strength to perform their daily work efficiently. Besides, hand is the part of the body that directly related with handgrip strength, so, the hand dimensions are deemed essential to investigate. Therefore this study is to investigate the association of the dominant handgrip strength with the hand dimensions like hand length, hand breadth, hand span, palm length, palm breadth and wrist breadth of adult Bangladeshi female laborers. Hundred (100) adult female laborers aged between 18 to 45 years, residing in different slums in Dhaka city of Bangladesh were the participants of the present research. Six selected hand dimensions of the right side were measured using the digital slide caliper by direct physical procedure and dominant handgrip strength was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer. The associations of the dominant handgrip strength with the selected six hand dimensions were tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. The mean value of the dominant handgrip strength of the laborers was 25.6 kg. In present research, the dominant handgrip strength was positively associated with the six selected hand dimensions (hand length, hand breadth, hand span, palm length, palm breadth and wrist breadth). However, the association of dominant handgrip strength with the breadth of hand, palm and wrist reached up to significant level individually. Besides, to get desired success in work of a female laborer, it is important to see the hand anthropometry and handgrip strength, because, better handgrip strength lead to better performance in work. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (3), 230-237

Objective cyclodeviation measurement in normal subjects by means of Cyclocheck® application

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212090531
Author(s):  
Justyna Simiera ◽  
Agata Joanna Ordon ◽  
Piotr Loba
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Muscle Balance ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
The Right

Purpose: To evaluate the range of cyclodeviation in normal individuals by means of Cyclocheck® application recently designed by the authors and freely available at www.cyclocheck.com . Methods: Healthy subjects with normal muscle balance, best-corrected visual acuity of ⩾0.8, and stereopsis on Randot charts of ⩽100 s of arc were included in the study. Two separate digital fundus photographs were taken of each eye of every patient. The disk-foveal angle was calculated using the Cyclocheck® application. The average result of the disk-foveal angle measurements were considered for data analysis. Results: A total of 131 patients met inclusion criteria for the study population. The mean value of the disk-foveal angle in the whole study group (both right and left eye) was 6.39° ± 2.72° with 5.26° ± 2.56° (range from −0.4° to 12.55°) in the right eye and 7.52° ± 2.39° (range from 1.25° to 12.76°) in the left eye. The mean value of the disk-foveal angle of the left eye was greater by 2.26° than that of the right eye. Conclusion: Cyclocheck® software allows easy assessment of cyclodeviation. Normal individuals present with a positive value of the disk-foveal angle with a certain spread of the results. The analysis of obtained measurements revealed a significant asymmetry between both eyes with the left eye being more excyclodeviated in an otherwise orthotropic population, which remains a subject for further investigations.

Possible Lateralization of Peripheral Nerve Conduction Associated with Gender

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliha Tan ◽  
Üner Tan
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Sensory Conduction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hands

Lateralization of peripheral nerve conduction velocity was studied in right-handed men ( n = 40) and women ( n = 48). Sensory and motor velocities were measured in ulnar and median nerves of the right and left hands. In women, the mean sensory velocity was significantly faster in the left than the right hand. There were no significant right-left differences in men. The mean sensory velocity from the right hand was significantly slower in women than men, creating an asymmetric organization of sensory conduction in women. Estradiol in women and testosterone in men were suggested as playing a role in asymmetric and symmetric nerve conductions, respectively.

scholarly journals AB0158 COMPARISON OF CLINICAL EXAMINATION AND ULTRASOUND OF HAND AND WRIST JOINTS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1106.1-1106
Author(s):  
S. Bouden ◽  
B. D. Siwar ◽  
A. Ben Tekaya ◽  
O. Saidane ◽  
R. Tekaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Doppler Signal ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Power Doppler Signal

Background:Ultrasound (US) is an accessible and non-invasive tool to assess joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is used for diagnostic and prognosis purposes and for following of RA patients by evaluating the disease activity and therefore the response to treatment.Objectives:This study investigates agreement between US of hand and wrist findings and the clinical examination and biological inflammatory parameters in RA patients.Methods:We performed a cross sectional study including patients responding to the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA diagnosis. We collected US findings assessing synovitis and doppler signal in wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) articulations, and concomitant clinical examination assessing synovitis and pain in the same joints along with C reactive protein (CRP) levels and disease activity score (DAS28). The power Doppler US score (PDUS) from 6 simplified synovial sites (wrists, bilateral second and third MCP joints) was calculated [1].Results:Forty-three patients were included with 91.7% of women. The mean age was 62±12.95 years old. The mean age at diagnosis was 52±14.79 years with a mean disease evolution of 8±8.57 years. Rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated antibodies were positive in respectively 78% and 83.9% of cases.The mean disease activity (DAS28) was 1,52 with levels ranging from 1.5 to 7.33.Right wrist was the articulation in which US synovitis was most frequently detected (60.5% of patients), followed by the left wrist (53.5%). Power doppler signal was detected as frequently in the right as in the left wrist articulations (41.9%). Subsequently, clinical synovitis was most frequently detected in right and left wrist with 39,5% and 41,5% respectively. These joints were the most frequently painful, in 51.2% and 48.8% at right and left respectively.US synovitis of the first interphalangeal joint was found in only 2.3% and 4.7% in the right and left hand respectively, with positive power doppler signal in 2.3% of the patients in the same articulations.The overall agreement between US and clinical examination in detecting synovitis of wrist, MCP and PIP joints was of 67.3%. It was of 71.4% in wrists, 54.7% in MCP joints and 87% in PIP joints. This suggests the presence of infra-clinical synovitis. All sites combined, US synovitis were correlated to clinical synovitis (p=0.03).A positive correlation was found between PDUS from 6 simplified joint sites and CRP levels (p value of 0.02). No correlation was found with disease activity score (DAS28).Conclusion:US of hands and wrist articulations is more performant than clinical examination in detecting synovitis. The most frequently involved joints with clinical and US synovitis, pain and positive power doppler signal were the wrist joints. CRP level is predictive of the presence of a high simplified power doppler score which is related to clinical activity of the disease as reported by Kawashiri et al. [1].References:[1]Kawashiri S, Kawakami A, Iwamoto N, Fujikawa K, Satoh K, Tamai M, et al. The power Doppler ultrasonography score from 24 synovial sites or 6 simplified synovial sites, including the metacarpophalangeal joints, reflects the clinical disease activity and level of serum biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). mai 2011;50(5):962-5.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals AB0495 BIOMECHANICAL STRESS IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETITIVE SPORTS TRAINING TRIGGERS ENTHESITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1275.1-1275
Author(s):  
D. Simon ◽  
A. Kleyer ◽  
S. Bayat ◽  
J. Knitza ◽  
L. Valor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Biomechanical Stress ◽  
Score Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Background:Preclinical models have indicated that biomechanical stress can trigger entheseal inflammation (1). Furthermore, enthesitis is a hallmark of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), suggesting that mechanoinflammation is an important step in their pathogenesis (2). However, the relation between mechanical stress and enthesitis in humans is poorly investigated. Competitive badminton is a demanding stop-and-go sport that strains entheseal sites in particular and provides an opportunity to assess the impact of physical activity on the development of an instant inflammatory response in the entheses.Objectives:To evaluate the influence of mechanical stress on the development of immediate enthesitis.Methods:BEAT (Badminton Enthesitis Arthrosonography Study) is an interventional study that assessed entheses in competitive badminton players before and immediately after a 60-minute intensive training session by ultrasound. Power Doppler (PD) signal and Gray-Scale (GS) changes were evaluated at the insertions sites of both Achilles tendon, patellar tendons and lateral humeral epicondyles and quantified using a validated scoring system (3). Pre- and post-training scores were compared using linear mixed-effects models. We used interaction terms to assess possible differential effects on patellar, elbow and Achilles entheses.Results:Thirty-two badminton players (22 men, 10 women) with an average age of 31.1±13.0 years were included (Table 1). On average, they had been playing badminton for 16.2±10.1 years. 192 entheseal sites were examined twice. The respective empirical total scores for PD examination were 0.1 (0.3) before and 0.5 (0.9) after training (Figure 1). Mean total GS scores were 2.9 (2.5) and 3.1 (2.5) before and after training, respectively. The mean total PD score difference of 0.4 between pre- and post -training was significant with a p value of 0.0014, whereas the p value for the mean total GS score difference of 0.2 was 0.63. Overall, seven participants (22%) showed an increased empirical total PD score. A mixed-effects model showed a significant increase of PD scores after training, with a mean increase per site of 0.06 (95%CI 0.01 to 0.12, p=0.017).Table 1.Baseline characteristicsDemographic characteristicsN, total32Females, N (%)10 (31.3)Age, years (mean ± SD)36.1 ± 13.0Height, cm (mean value ± SD)178.6 ± 9.9Body weight, kg (mean value ± SD)74.7 ± 13.5Smoking, N (%)11 (34.4)Alcohol, N (%)24 (75.0)Concomitant DiseasesInflammatory bowel disease, N (%)0Psoriasis, N (%) 0Uveitis, N (%)0Diabetes mellitus, N (%)0Hypertension, N (%)2 (6.3)Sports historyYears Badminton (mean ± SD)16.2 ± 10.1Figure 1.Ultrasound scores before and after training Figure 1. A Spaghetti plots depicting inividual Gray-Scale and Power Doppler ultrasound scores before and after trainingConclusion:Mechanical stress leads to rapid inflammatory responses in the entheseal structures of humans. These data support the concept of mechanoinflammation in diseases associated with enthesitis. However, while such responses may be self-contained in healthy subjects, they may be prolonged and more pronounced in certain risk groups, such as patients with PsA or SpA.References:[1]Cambré I, et al. Mechanical strain determines the site-specific localization of inflammation and tissue damage in arthritis. Nature Communications. 2018; 9:4613.[2]Schett G, et al. Enthesitis: from pathophysiology to treatment. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017; 13:731-741.[3]Balint PV, et al. Reliability of a consensus-based ultrasound definition and scoring for enthesitis in spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: an OMERACT US initiative. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2018; 77:1730.Disclosure of Interests:David Simon: None declared., Arnd Kleyer: None declared., Sara Bayat: None declared., Johannes Knitza: None declared., Larissa Valor: None declared., Marina Schweiger: None declared., Georg Schett: None declared., Koray Tascilar: None declared., Axel Hueber Grant/research support from: Novartis Research Grant.

scholarly journals DISTINGUISHING LOYALTY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF XIAOMI SMARTPHONE IN YOUNG WORKERS SIDOARJO

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Moh Wahib ◽  
Hendra Dwi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty

Photographing activities become the most activities carried out by customers and uploaded to social media in Indonesia and even in the world. Taking pictures of yourself or objects is a part of community life in Sidoarjo. In addition to following the right market trends, for companies to maintain customer satisfaction and loyalty. Satisfaction of the product will affect the customer in taking the next attitude. The customer is satisfied with a repeat purchase and will say good things about the product. Research conducted in the form of case studies on XIAOMI Smartphone users in Sidoarjo. This research is an in-depth study of one case or one unit and the conclusions in this study only apply to the case in question, so it cannot be used in other cases. The results in this study that there are differences in the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of XIAOMI smartphone users by sex. Independent Samples t-test showed significant differences in customer satisfaction in males and females and showed significant differences in customer loyalty in males and females. The mean value indicates that female customer satisfaction and loyalty is higher than male customers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document