scholarly journals Four biomechanical and anthropometric measures predict tibial stress fracture: a prospective study of 1065 Royal Marines

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (19) ◽  
pp. 1206-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nunns ◽  
Carol House ◽  
Hannah Rice ◽  
Mohammod Mostazir ◽  
Trish Davey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Fracture ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Tibial Stress Fracture ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundTibial stress fractures (TSFs) cause a significant burden to Royal Marines recruits. No prospective running gait analyses have previously been performed in military settings.AimWe aimed to identify biomechanical gait factors and anthropometric variables associated with increased risk of TSF.Methods1065 Royal Marines recruits were assessed in week 2 of training. Bilateral plantar pressure and three-dimensional lower limb kinematics were obtained for barefoot running at 3.6 m/s, providing dynamic arch index, peak heel pressure and lower limb joint angles. Age, bimalleolar breadth, calf girth, passive hip internal/external range of motion and body mass index (BMI) were also recorded. 10 recruits who sustained a TSF during training were compared with 120 recruits who completed training injury-free using a binary logistic regression model to identify injury risk factors.Results4 variables significantly (p<0.05) predicted increased risk of TSF (ORs and 95% CI): smaller bimalleolar width (0.73, 0.58 to 0.93), lower BMI (0.56, 0.33 to 0.95), greater peak heel pressure (1.25, 1.07 to 1.46) and lower range of tibial rotation (0.78, 0.63 to 0.96).SummaryReduced impact attenuation and ability to withstand load were implicated in tibial stress fracture risk.

scholarly journals Predictors of Suicide Behavior Relapse in Pediatric Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Villar ◽  
Carmina Castellano-Tejedor ◽  
Mireia Verge ◽  
Bernardo Sánchez ◽  
Tomás Blasco-Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

AbstractIdentifying patients at increased risk of suicide remains a challenge today. It has been reported that 10% of patients committing a suicide attempt end up dying and that both the risk and the severity of clinical symptomatology increase with the number of attempts. Within the framework of selective and indicated prevention, it is essential to identify the group of patients with an increased risk of recurrence. The objective of this study is to identify factors predicting suicide attempt relapse to improve the decision making process in the therapeutic approach to suicidal behavior. The methodology employed was a longitudinal design aimed at identifying factors, in a binary logistic regression model (stepwise), predicting the repetition of suicidal behavior among a sample of 417 participants aged between 8 and 17 years old, at the six months follow-up. A statistically significant model χ2(3, N = 417) = 18.610; p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .096 including the following factors was obtained: current diagnosis of personality disorder/maladaptive personality OR = .806, p = .028, 95% CI [1.091, 4.595], personal history of self-injury OR = .728, p = .043, 95% CI [1.023, 4.192], and family history of psychopathological diagnosis OR = .925, p = .021, 95% CI [1.151, 5.530]. Considering these results, having a diagnosis of personality disorder or maladaptive personality traits, presence or history of self-harm and family history of psychopathology draws a predictive profile of autolytic attempt recurrence during the six months after the initial intervention at the emergency room.

scholarly journals Hip Stability May Influence the Development of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: A Case-Control Study of Consecutive Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596712095869
Author(s):  
LCDR Ashton H. Goldman ◽  
ENS Vaughn Land ◽  
Matthew H. Adsit ◽  
CDR George C. Balazs
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Posterior Wall Sign

Background: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is thought to relate primarily to tendinosis/tendinopathy of the hip abductors. Previous studies have suggested that certain anatomic factors may predispose one to development of the condition. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that intrinsic acetabular bony stability of the hip is related to the development of GTPS. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 198 consecutive patients diagnosed with GTPS were compared with 198 consecutive patients without clinical evidence of GTPS. Electronic health records of the included patients were examined; data recorded included patient age, sex, race, and body mass index (BMI). Standing anteroposterior radiographs were evaluated by 2 blinded examiners who measured the Tönnis angle, lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), and acetabular depth/width ratio (ADW) and assessed for the presence of a posterior wall sign. The number of dysplastic measures was recorded for each patient based on published norms. Associations between radiographic and patient variables versus the presence or absence of GTPS were determined. Factors with univariate associations where P < .20 were included in a binary logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of the presence of GTPS. Results: There was no difference between groups in terms of age, BMI, or race. There were significantly more women than men in the GTPS group (71% vs 30%; P < .001). Intraclass correlation coefficients were good for the LCEA (0.82) and Tönnis angle (0.82) and poor (0.08) for the ADW. Kappa was moderate for the presence of a posterior wall sign (0.51). An increased Tönnis angle, decreased ADW, and ADW <0.25 were significantly associated with the presence of GTPS. The binary logistic regression model identified an increased Tönnis angle ( P < .010) and female sex ( P < .001) as independent risk factors for GTPS. Conclusion: Based on this preliminary retrospective study, decreased intrinsic acetabular bony stability of the hip may be associated with an increased risk of GTPS.

scholarly journals Off-Season Training Habits and BMI, Not Preseason Jump Measures, Are Associated with Time-Loss Injury in Female Collegiate Soccer Players

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Jason Brumitt ◽  
Alma Mattocks ◽  
Amy Engilis ◽  
Jill Sikkema ◽  
Jeremy Loew
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Training Habits ◽  
Screening Clinic

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the standing long jump (SLJ) and the single-leg hop (SLH) tests to discriminate lower quadrant (low back and lower extremities) injury occurrence in female collegiate soccer players. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine associations between injury and off-season training habits or anthropometric measures. SLJ, SLH, and anthropometric measures were collected during a preseason screening clinic. Each subject completed a questionnaire providing demographic information and off-season training habits. Each athlete performed three SLJ and three SLH per leg. SLJ and SLH scores were not associated with an increased risk of a noncontact time-loss lower quadrant (LQ) injury. Athletes with a higher BMI or who reported less time training during the off-season were two times more likely to sustain an injury. Athletes who had both a higher body mass index (BMI) and lower off-season training habits were three times (relative risk = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.7, 5.5) p-value = 0.0001) more likely to sustain a noncontact time-loss lower quadrant injury. Preseason SLJ and SLH scores do not discriminate injury risk in female collegiate soccer players. Higher BMI and lower off-season training habits are associated with an increased risk of LQ injury.

scholarly journals Hydration status and hypertension in University workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Padrão ◽  
P Moreira ◽  
T Silva-Santos ◽  
S Abreu ◽  
O Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Vascular function and blood pressure regulation may be impaired by acute hypohydration but data on the association between hypertension and hydration status is scarce. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the hydration status in a sample of university workers and to assess the association between hypertension and hydration status. Methods A cross-sectional evaluation of a sample of 60 university workers (32 women) was conducted in 2019/2020 in Portugal. A 24-hour urine sample was collected; urinary volume, creatinine and osmolality were quantified. Free water reserve (FWR) was used to assess hydration status and subjects were classified as hypohydrated (FWR&lt;0) or euhydrated (FWR &gt; =0). Arterial blood pressure was evaluated [average of 2 blood pressure (BP) measurements] by researchers using standard methodology and participants with systolic and diastolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg and/or ≥80 mm Hg, respectively, were classified as hypertensive. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between hypohydration and hypertension, adjusting for sex, age and use of anti-hypertensive drugs. Odds Ratios (OR) and respective 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results Hypertension was observed in 40.6% of women and 67.9% of men whereas hypohydration affected 31.3% of women and 32.1% of men. After adjusting for confounders, hypertension was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of hypohydration (OR = 7.56; 95% CI: 1.81-31.59). Conclusions These results stress the positive association between hypohydration and hypertension and highlight the need for implementing strategies for the promotion of water intake, particularly in the hypertensive patients. This project was granted by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - Grant POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029269. Key messages Hypohydration affect nearly one third of this sample of university workers. Hypertension was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of hypohydration.

scholarly journals Factors associated with urosepsis following percutaneous nephrolithotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Krit Santanapipatkul ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pelvic Urine ◽  
Staghorn Stone

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with urosepsis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: Seventy-six upper tract urinary calculi patients underwent PCNL at Loei Hospital between July 2014 to January 2019, all were enrolled onto the study. The following data were collected: demographics, type and size of stone, intraoperative data, pelvic urine culture and urosepsis complications after the procedure. Association of factors with urosepsis after PNCL were identified using a binary logistic regression model with a bootstrap estimation. Results: Urosepsis complications occurred in 7 patients (9.2%). Mean (SD) of age was 54.4 (10.3) years. Of all patients, 2% with staghorn stone and 22% positive urine culture. Multivariable analysis indicated that staghorn stone (a OR =6.75; 95%CI: 1.59-28.63, p=0.01) and positive pelvic urine culture (a OR =7.51; 95%CI: 1.35-41.77, p=0.02) were associated with urosepsis after PCNL. Conclusion: There was no mortality after PCNL in this study. Staghorn stone and positive pelvic urine culture may be associated with an increased risk of urosepsis complication.

Psychiatric Patients with a Serious Mental Illness and a Recent History of Violent Behavior: An Exploration of Developmental, Clinical, Cognitive, and Demographic Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Jill Del Pozzo ◽  
Lindsay Cherneski ◽  
Saul J. Beck ◽  
Sarah R. Lowe ◽  
Steven M. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Violence

Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown that persons suffering from psychotic disorders are at increased risk of violent behavior. Several factors have been shown to predict violent behavior among persons with psychosis. However, prior research is limited in that these factors have not been explored simultaneously within the same study. Methods: The current study, therefore, aimed to determine which demographic, clinical, cognitive, and developmental characteristics were associated with an increased likelihood of violence among patients diagnosed with a psychotic disorder and which combination of these best predicted a history of violence. Participants (n=53) completed measures of demographics, violence risk, psychotic and personality symptoms, trauma, psychopathy and cognitive functioning. Results: Bivariate relationships were conducted to compare the history of violent behavior between all variables. Additionally, a binary logistic regression was run predicting participants’ history of violence. Several demographic, cognitive, clinical, and developmental factors were associated with increased odds of having a history of violence. The overall correct classification rate for the model was 92.2%, with 87.5% of participants without a history of violence and 91.4% with a history of violence being correctly classified. The model included antisocial personality traits, poor behavioral controls, head injury, not accepting responsibility, lacking goals, prior supervision failures, and HCR-20 total score. Conclusion: The binary logistic regression model showed good accuracy in predicting a history of violence in persons with psychosis. These findings are consistent with prior research and can inform efforts at risk assessment and identification of treatment targets for people with a psychotic disorder who are at highest risk of violence.

Clinical Features and isokinetic Parameters in Assessing Injury Risk in elite Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (14) ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
Rogério F. Liporaci ◽  
Marcelo Saad ◽  
Debora Bevilaqua Grossi ◽  
Marcelo Riberto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Training

AbstractFootball players frequently face the occurrence of non-contact injuries. Although there are likely multiple factors that contribute to increased risk of non-contact injury, it remains a challenge to correlate all these factors. However, it is not clear how much of individual training abilities may interfere in these events. As such, the primary aim of the present study was to determine whether the reduction of functional performance of the thigh in the isokinetic knee tests, anthropometric and morbid history can establish risk factors for lower-limb musculoskeletal injuries throughout the season. The incidence of injuries and odds ratios were calculated for suspected risk factors. Hamstring/Quadriceps conventional ratio outside of the safety range (55–64%) may be involved in the occurrence of non-contact muscle injuries and the risk for any musculoskeletal injuries in the lower extremities is 16 times higher when extensor peak of torque exceeds 10% and 12 times higher when flexor peak of torque difference was greater than 10%. This kind of evaluation can result in intervention programs that may decrease the risk of lower-limb musculoskeletal injuries. Based on these results we can establish a specific and individualized exercise program for each athlete and thus protect them during the season.

scholarly journals Cycling injuries in London: the impact of motor vehicle and cycle volumes, and road characteristics including speed limits

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Aldred ◽  
Anna Goodman ◽  
John Gulliver ◽  
James Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Flow Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Route Network ◽  
Logarithmic Unit ◽  
Safety In Numbers ◽  
The Impact

Cycling injury risk is an important topic, but few studies explore cycling risk in relation to exposure. This is largely because of a lack of exposure data, in other words how much cycling is done at different locations. This paper helps to fill this gap. It reports a case-control study of cycling injuries in London in 2013-2014, using modelled cyclist flow data alongside datasets covering some characteristics of the London route network. A multilevel binary logistic regression model is used to investigate factors associated with injury risk, comparing injury sites with control sites selected using the modelled flow data. Findings provide support for ‘safety in numbers’: for each increase of a natural logarithmic unit (2.71828) in cycling flows, an 18% decrease in injury odds was found. Conversely, increased motor traffic volume is associated with higher odds of cycling injury, with one logarithmic unit increase associated with a 31% increase in injury odds. Twenty-mile per hour compared with 30mph speed limits were associated with 21% lower injury odds. Residential streets were associated with reduced injury odds, and junctions with substantially higher injury odds. Bus lanes do not affect injury odds once other factors are controlled for. These data suggest that speed limits of 20mph may reduce cycling injury risk, as may motor traffic reduction. Further, building cycle routes that generate new cycle trips should generate ‘safety in numbers’ benefits.

Credit constraints and Rural Migration: Evidence from Six Villages in Uttar Pradesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
Ruchi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Male Migration ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Rural economies in developing countries are often characterized by credit constraints. Although few attempts have been made to understand the trends and patterns of male out-migration from Uttar Pradesh (UP), there is dearth of literature on the linkage between credit accessibility and male migration in rural Uttar Pradesh. The present study tries to fill this gap. The objective of this study is to assess the role of credit accessibility in determining rural male migration. A primary survey of 370 households was conducted in six villages of Jaunpur district in Uttar Pradesh. Simple statistical tools and a binary logistic regression model were used for analyzing the data. The result of the empirical analysis shows that various sources of credit and accessibility to them play a very important role in male migration in rural Uttar Pradesh. The study also found that the relationship between credit constraints and migration varies across various social groups in UP.

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