Associations between participation in organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play with child physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional analysis of primary school-aged children from the UK

ObjectivesTo assess the extent to which participation in organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play was associated with children’s physical activity and sedentary time.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingChildren were recruited from 47 state-funded primary schools in South West England.Participants1223 children aged 8–9 years old.Outcome measuresAccelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time.MethodsChildren wore an accelerometer, and the mean minutes of MVPA and sedentary time per day were derived. Children reported their attendance at organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play using a piloted questionnaire. Cross-sectional linear and logistic regression were used to examine if attendance frequency at each setting (and all settings combined) was associated with MVPA and sedentary time. Multiple imputation methods were used to account for missing data and increase sample size.ResultsChildren who attended clubs at school 3–4 days per week obtained an average of 7.58 (95% CI 2.7 to 12.4) more minutes of MVPA per day than children who never attended. Participation in the three other non-school-based activities was similarly associated with MVPA. Evidence for associations with sedentary time was generally weaker. Associations were similar in girls and boys. When the four different contexts were combined, each additional one to two activities participated in per week increased participants’ odds (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.25) of meeting the government recommendations for 60 min of MVPA per day.ConclusionParticipating in organised physical activity at school and in the community is associated with greater physical activity and reduced sedentary time among both boys and girls. All four types of activity contribute to overall physical activity, which provides parents with a range of settings in which to help their child be active.

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Associations of Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Screen Time With Cardiovascular Fitness in United States Adolescents: Results From the NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2016-0165 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 506-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anna K. Porter ◽

Krystin J. Matthews ◽

Deborah Salvo ◽

Harold W. Kohl

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Screen Time ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Cardiovascular Fitness ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

The Relationship

Background:Most US adolescents do not meet guidelines of at least 60 daily minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. In addition, sedentary behaviors among this age group are of increasing concern. This study examined the association of movement behaviors with cardiovascular fitness among US adolescents.Methods:Data from the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey were used to assess the association of movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, screen time) with cardiovascular fitness among adolescent males and females. Multiple logistic regressions were used to test the independent and interactive effects of movement behaviors on cardiovascular fitness.Results:Among females, physical activity was directly associated with cardiovascular fitness; no significant association was observed between sedentary behaviors and CVF. Among males, sedentary time moderated the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular fitness, such that a significant, direct association was only observed among those with high sedentary time (OR: 5.01; 95% CI: 1.60, 15.70).Conclusions:Results from this cross-sectional analysis suggest that among female US adolescents, physical activity, but not sedentary behavior, is associated with cardiovascular fitness. Among males, the interaction between physical activity and sedentary time seems to be important for cardiovascular fitness. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

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Social Gradients and Physical Activity Trends in an Obesogenic Dietary Pattern: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–2014

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10040388 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 388 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Laura Johnson ◽

Zoi Toumpakari ◽

Angeliki Papadaki

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

The Uk ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Activity Trends

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School Environmental Factors Influencing Female Pupils Academic Performance in Public Primary Schools in Iringa Municipality

Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies ◽

10.9734/ajess/2021/v23i130546 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 40-48

Author(s):

Chesco Aloyce Motto

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drop Out ◽

Long Distance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

The Government

This study intended to explore the school environmental factors influencing female pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools at Iringa Municipality. A cross-sectional study design was used where structured questionnaire using open and closed ended questionnaire as well as interviews to participants were used to collect primary information from 123 girls’ pupils and 36 key informants from seven selected public primary schools. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics (SPSS). The study findings revealed that harsh environmental factors contributing to poor academic performance through sexual harassment by pest teachers, longer distance of a female pupils form schools that affect pupils attendance and drop out, Shortage of teaching and learning resources as well as facilities i.e. text books, library and shortage of latrines while teaching and learning it is difficult for them to deriver pedagogical principal of teaching following large class size 68-80, and the bias attitude of the teacher towards subject matter that girls are always do performs poor in science subjects than boys. Finally, the study recommends that the government should build hostels for standard six and seven female pupils for solving the issue of long distance and drop out. Good and enough latrines should be built for girls and boys. Teachers should be well trained in order to handle girls well and also government should organize regular workshops for teachers. Either girls pupils should all the time helped by both male and female teachers in their problems and academic matters openly to avoid bias and mistrust among male teachers.

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How does the UK childcare energy-balance environment influence anthropometry of children aged 3–4 years? A cross-sectional exploration

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021520 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e021520 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kathryn R Hesketh ◽

Sara E Benjamin-Neelon ◽

Esther M F van Sluijs

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Childhood Obesity ◽

Family Based ◽

The Uk ◽

Objectively Measured

ObjectivesTo assess the association between time spent in care, the childcare energy-balance environment, and preschool-aged children’s body mass index z-score (z-BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and sum of skinfold thickness (SST).DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsChildren aged 3–4 years were recruited from 30 childcare centres in Cambridgeshire (UK) in 2013.Main outcome measuresObjectively measured height and weight was used to calculate z-BMI; waist circumference and height were used to generate WHR; subscapular and tricep skinfolds were used to calculate SST. Associations between childcare attendance, the nutrition, physical activity, and overall childcare environment, and three anthropometric outcomes were explored using two-level hierarchical regression models, adjusting for demographic and family based confounders.ResultsValid data were available for 196 children (49% female). Time spent in care, the nutrition, physical activity and overall childcare environment were not associated with children’s z-BMI, WHR and SST.ConclusionsChildcare environment and level of attendance were not associated with UK preschool-aged children’s anthropometry. The childcare environment has been central to intervention efforts to prevent/reduce early childhood obesity, yet other factors, including child-level, family level, wider environmental and policy-level factors warrant substantial attention when considering obesity prevention strategies for young children.

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Exploring Preschoolers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Time During Outdoor Play at Childcare: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment Study

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0849 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Brianne A. Bruijns ◽

Leigh M. Vanderloo ◽

Brian W. Timmons ◽

Patricia Tucker

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Outdoor Play ◽

Control Group ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Environment Study ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Experimental Group

Background: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) offers many health benefits for preschoolers (2.5–5 y). In childcare, MVPA is predominantly accumulated outdoors, with higher rates purported among children within the first few minutes outside. The Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment intervention included shorter, more frequent outdoor play sessions; this study sought to explore children’s activity levels during various outdoor play schedules. Methods: During the final week of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment intervention, preschoolers wore an Actical™ accelerometer for 5 days during childcare and staff logged outdoor times. Separate linear mixed effects models were run to explore the effect of the intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity (total and MVPA) and sedentary time during outdoor play. Sex was entered as an interaction effect. Results: Preschoolers (n = 292) were significantly more active in the first 10 minutes outdoors compared with remaining time (P < .0083). For total outdoor time, children in the experimental group engaged in significantly less sedentary time than those in the control group (P < .017), and experimental group boys and girls engaged in higher MVPA than boys and girls in the control group (P < .017). Conclusions: Findings support scheduling more frequent outdoor play sessions in childcare to increase physical activity participation among young children.

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Accelerometer-measured physical activity among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0061 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andreas Fröberg ◽

Christel Larsson ◽

Christina Berg ◽

Cecilia Boldemann ◽

Anders Raustorp

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Organized Sports ◽

Wear Time

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe and analyze accelerometer-measured sedentary time and physical activity (PA) among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status (SES). Method: Seventh-graders (n=114 (girls n=66), mean age: 12.8±0.5 y) were recruited from three schools in a multicultural area of the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Sedentary time and PA were measured with ActiGraph™ accelerometers. Result: Of total wear-time, 70 (±6)% was sedentary, with girls being more sedentary than boys. Girls had less light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than boys. Similar patterns were shown during in-school and out-of-school hours. During wear-time, 53% had a mean of ≥60 min of MVPA per day, but only 6% of the girls and 24% of the boys were sufficiently physically active every day. Girls had more sedentary bouts of ≥10 min and fewer MVPA bouts of ≥5 min per day than boys. Those who participated in organized sports spent a mean of 15 more minutes of MVPA per day compared to those who did not. No association was observed between body mass index (BMI) and sedentary time and PA. Conclusion: Only a few adolescents from a Swedish multicultural area characterized by low SES met the PA recommendations every day, and girls were more sedentary and less physically active than boys. Adolescents involved in organized sports had more of MVPA per day than their non-involved peers. Sedentary time and PA were not related to BMI.

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A cross-sectional study of periportal fibrosis and Schistosoma mansoni infection among school-aged children in a hard-to-reach area of Madagascar

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.1093/trstmh/traa009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 114 (4) ◽

pp. 315-322

Author(s):

Hannah J Russell ◽

James M StJ Penney ◽

Cortland Linder ◽

Elizabeth C Joekes ◽

Amaya L Bustinduy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Infection Intensity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Older Children ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Sonographic Examination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Periportal Fibrosis ◽

The Uk

Abstract Background A cross-sectional survey was performed to estimate the prevalence of periportal fibrosis in children based on ultrasound examination in the Marolambo district of the Atsinanana region of Madagascar. This is a remote area known to have a high prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis. Methods School-aged children (5–14 y) were selected from six villages for parasitological and sonographic examination. Circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) tests and Kato Katz (KK) stool microscopy were performed. Video-clips of liver views were recorded with a SonoSite iViz and interpreted in the UK by comparison with standardised images (WHO protocol). Results The prevalence of schistosomiasis according to CCA testing was 97.8% (269/275) and 73.8% (203/275) by KK. Sonographic evidence of periportal fibrosis was observed in 11.3% (31/275). The youngest children with fibrosis were aged 6 y. Fibrosis was more common in older children (p=0.03) but was not associated with either infection intensity category (p=0.07) or gender (p=0.67). Conclusions Findings of periportal fibrosis among children in these hard-to-reach villages suggests chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection from a very young age. This may reflect other similarly remote schistosomiasis-endemic areas and reinforces the need to investigate morbidity in neglected communities to understand the true extent of disease burden in endemic countries.

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International Comparison of the Levels and Potential Correlates of Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Physical Activity among Three-to-Four-Year-Old Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16111929 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1929 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kaiseree Dias ◽

James White ◽

Russell Jago ◽

Greet Cardon ◽

Rachel Davey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Parental Education ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Usa ◽

Day Of The Week ◽

The Uk ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Multilevel Linear Regression

Physical activity (PA) patterns track from childhood through to adulthood. The study aimed to determine the levels and correlates of sedentary time (ST), total PA (TPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in preschool-aged children. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 1052 children aged three-to-four-years-old from six studies included in the International Children’s Accelerometry Database. Multilevel linear regression models adjusting for age, gender, season, minutes of wear time, and study clustering effects were used to estimate associations between age, gender, country, season, ethnicity, parental education, day of the week, time of sunrise, time of sunset, and hours of daylight and the daily minutes spent in ST, TPA, and MVPA. Across the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, and the USA, children in our analysis sample spent 490 min in ST per day and 30.0% and 21.2% of children did not engage in recommended daily TPA (≥180 min) and MVPA (≥60 min) guidelines. There was evidence for an association between all 10 potential correlates analyzed and at least one of the outcome variables; average daily minutes spent in ST, TPA and/or MVPA. These correlates can inform the design of public health interventions internationally to decrease ST and increase PA in preschoolers.

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