scholarly journals International Comparison of the Levels and Potential Correlates of Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Physical Activity among Three-to-Four-Year-Old Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiseree Dias ◽  
James White ◽  
Russell Jago ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Rachel Davey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Multilevel Linear Regression

Physical activity (PA) patterns track from childhood through to adulthood. The study aimed to determine the levels and correlates of sedentary time (ST), total PA (TPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in preschool-aged children. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 1052 children aged three-to-four-years-old from six studies included in the International Children’s Accelerometry Database. Multilevel linear regression models adjusting for age, gender, season, minutes of wear time, and study clustering effects were used to estimate associations between age, gender, country, season, ethnicity, parental education, day of the week, time of sunrise, time of sunset, and hours of daylight and the daily minutes spent in ST, TPA, and MVPA. Across the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, and the USA, children in our analysis sample spent 490 min in ST per day and 30.0% and 21.2% of children did not engage in recommended daily TPA (≥180 min) and MVPA (≥60 min) guidelines. There was evidence for an association between all 10 potential correlates analyzed and at least one of the outcome variables; average daily minutes spent in ST, TPA and/or MVPA. These correlates can inform the design of public health interventions internationally to decrease ST and increase PA in preschoolers.

scholarly journals Is adiposity associated with objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in older adults?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfei Zhu ◽  
Zhiwei Cheng ◽  
Virginia J. Howard ◽  
Suzanne E. Judd ◽  
Steven N. Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Background: Many older adults in the U.S. do not achieve the recommended amount of physical activity (PA) to fully realize a myriad of health benefits. Adiposity may be one of those important correlates of PA and sedentary behaviors. However, the full extent to which adiposity is associated with PA and sedentary time (SED) is uncertain. Therefore, we examined the association of adiposity with objectively measured PA and SED in black and white older adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of older adults enrolled in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study 2003-2007 who participated in an ancillary accelerometer study 2009-2013. Assessment of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was completed during an in-home visit in the parent study. PA was measured by ActicalTM accelerometers, which provided estimates of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), light-intensity PA (LPA), and SED for 4-7 consecutive days. Data from accelerometers were standardized to square root percentages of total wear time per day (SqrtMVPA%, SqrtLPA%, and SqrtSED%). Interactions were tested for BMI and WC by race and sex, separately. Results: Data were available for 7,873 participants (69.8 ± 8.7 yr, 54.2% women, 31.5% African American). In mixed linear regression models, significant interactions existed in BMI by race and sex for the SqrtMVPA%, WC by race and sex for the SqrtMVPA% and the SqrtLPA% model(P<0.05). No interaction was significant for the logistic model of meeting the PA guideline or not. In subgroup analyses, BMI was inversely associated with SqrtMVPA%, SqrtLPA%, and positively related to SqrtSED% in black women, white men and white women after adjustments. Similar patterns were observed between WC and SqrtMVPA%, SqrtLPA%, and SqrtSED% in all groups, respectively. However, BMI was not associated with SqrtMVPA% in black men. Those with higher BMI or WC were less likely to meet the PA guideline in all groups. Conclusions: Adiposity was inversely associated with higher levels of MVPA/LPA and positively associated with higher levels of SED among black and white older adults. Prevention efforts aimed at promoting weight control may be beneficial to prevent physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle among older adults.

scholarly journals Isotonic quadriceps endurance is better associated with daily physical activity than quadriceps strength and power in COPD: an international multicentre cross-sectional trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Frykholm ◽  
Sarah Gephine ◽  
Didier Saey ◽  
Arthur Lemson ◽  
Peter Klijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quadriceps Function ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

AbstractKnowledge about modifiable determinants of daily physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial to design effective PA interventions. The present study aimed to determine the contribution of quadriceps strength, power and endurance to daily PA in COPD. Additionally, for quadriceps endurance, we also aimed to determine to what extent the association varies according to the mode of movement (isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic). Using a multicentre cross-sectional trial design we determined the contribution of quadriceps function to daily PA (steps, sedentary time and time spent doing moderate-to-very-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) using bivariate and partial Pearson correlation analysis (r) and multiple linear regression models (ΔR2). Pre-determined controlling factors were sex, age, body mass index (BMI), COPD-assessment test, forced expiratory volume in one second in percent of the predicted value (FEV1pred), and distance walked on the 6-minute walk test. Eighty-one patients with COPD (mean ± SD: age 67 ± 8 years, FEV1pred 57 ± 19%, daily steps 4968 ± 3319, daily sedentary time 1016 ± 305 min, and MVPA time 83 ± 45 min) were included. Small to moderate bivariate correlations (r = .225 to .452, p < .05) were found between quadriceps function and measures of PA. The best multiple linear regression models explained 38–49% of the variance in the data. Isotonic endurance was the only muscle contributor that improved all PA models; daily steps (ΔR2 = .04 [relative improvement 13%] p = .026), daily sedentary time (ΔR2 = .07 [23%], p = .005) and MVPA-minutes (ΔR2 = .08 [20%], p = .001). Isotonic endurance was also independently associated with most PA variables, even when controlling for strength, power or isometric-isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle (r = .246 to .384, p < .05). In contrast, neither strength, power, isometric-or isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle was independently associated with PA measures when controlling for isotonic endurance (r = .037 to .219, p > .05). To conclude, strength, power, and endurance properties of the quadriceps were low to moderately associated with PA in patients with COPD. Isotonic quadriceps endurance was the only quadriceps property that was independently associated with the different measures of PA after controlling for a basic set of known determinants of PA, quadriceps strength or power, or isometric or isokinetic quadriceps endurance. Future longitudinal studies should investigate its potential as a modifiable determinant of PA.

scholarly journals Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Children and Adolescents in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issad Baddou ◽  
Asmaa El Hamdouchi ◽  
Imane El Harchaoui ◽  
Kaoutar Benjeddou ◽  
Naima Saeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Guideline ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescent plays an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular health diseases, diabetes, and obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about physical activity levels (PA) and sedentary time among children and adolescents in Morocco. Objective. To examine gender, type of day, and age grade differences in objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity levels, and physical activity guideline attainment among children and adolescents in Morocco. Method. 172 children/adolescents (mean age = 10.92 ± 1.55 years, 49.4% are boys) were recruited for this study and wore a tri-axial accelerometer (GT3X+) for 7 consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary, PA levels, and daily steps were measured and compared according to gender, age grade, and the type of day (weekdays/weekends). Results. In weekdays children/adolescents spent more time in sedentary than weekends (p < 0.001). Boys were eight times more likely to meet the recommendation for at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day than girls (OR: 8.569; 95% [CI]: 4.23–17.32), p < 0.001. Conclusion. These findings highlight the need for effective and sustainable strategies and programs aiming to promote physical activity and to reduce sedentary behavior among children and adolescents in Morocco.

scholarly journals How does the UK childcare energy-balance environment influence anthropometry of children aged 3–4 years? A cross-sectional exploration

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R Hesketh ◽  
Sara E Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
Esther M F van Sluijs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Childhood Obesity ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Objectively Measured

ObjectivesTo assess the association between time spent in care, the childcare energy-balance environment, and preschool-aged children’s body mass index z-score (z-BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and sum of skinfold thickness (SST).DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsChildren aged 3–4 years were recruited from 30 childcare centres in Cambridgeshire (UK) in 2013.Main outcome measuresObjectively measured height and weight was used to calculate z-BMI; waist circumference and height were used to generate WHR; subscapular and tricep skinfolds were used to calculate SST. Associations between childcare attendance, the nutrition, physical activity, and overall childcare environment, and three anthropometric outcomes were explored using two-level hierarchical regression models, adjusting for demographic and family based confounders.ResultsValid data were available for 196 children (49% female). Time spent in care, the nutrition, physical activity and overall childcare environment were not associated with children’s z-BMI, WHR and SST.ConclusionsChildcare environment and level of attendance were not associated with UK preschool-aged children’s anthropometry. The childcare environment has been central to intervention efforts to prevent/reduce early childhood obesity, yet other factors, including child-level, family level, wider environmental and policy-level factors warrant substantial attention when considering obesity prevention strategies for young children.

scholarly journals Self-reported and objectively measured physical activity levels among Hispanic/Latino adults with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000893
Author(s):  
Wendy Bevier ◽  
Namino Glantz ◽  
Charis Hoppe ◽  
Jessikah Morales Glass ◽  
Arianna Larez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
English Language ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latino Adults ◽  
Objectively Measured

ObjectiveIn the USA, minority populations face a disproportionate burden from type 2 diabetes (T2D), in whom physical activity (PA) is recommended. The aim of this study was to determine levels of PA among a community of free-living Hispanic/Latino adults with T2D using a research accelerometer, a consumer device and a pictogram self-assessment questionnaire.Research design and methodsThis was a cross-sectional, observational study. Participants (57 women and 31 men, body mass index (kg/m2) 32.2±7.9 and 29.9±4.5, waist circumference 97.1±30.1 and 93.7±33.0 cm and hemoglobin A1c 8.0±2.0 and 8.1%±1.8%, respectively) wore an ActiGraph (AG) on the hip and a Fitbit (FB) on the wrist for 1 week to estimate daily steps and energy expenditure (EE). Participants reported type and intensity of PA using English-language or Spanish-language pictograms and a 10-point Likert scale (1=‘not active’ to 10=‘very, very active’).ResultsSteps per day were not normally distributed; AG median steps/weekday (Monday–Friday) was 6990 (range 1091–25 884) compared with 9329 (288–31 669) using FB (p≤0.01). Both devices recorded significantly more steps on weekdays versus weekends (p≤0.05). EE was also higher during the week. AG and FB were highly correlated to each other (p<0.01). Men were more active than women and maintained their PA throughout the week, whereas women decreased theirs on weekends. Spanish-language pictograms were preferred and self-reported PA matched objective assessments by both devices. Participants perceived themselves to be active (7.1±2.0) due to work.ConclusionsBoth objectively measured and self-reported levels of PA in Hispanic/Latino adults with T2D challenge the assumption that lack of PA may be commonplace for this group. AG and FB are different in their measurement of PA but are significantly correlated. New strategies, including use of pictograms, for interventions need to be considered if further increases or changes in PA are to be used as T2D therapy.Trial registration numberNCT03736486

scholarly journals Objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity in women with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e002722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan R Ruiz ◽  
Víctor Segura-Jiménez ◽  
Francisco B Ortega ◽  
Inmaculada C Álvarez-Gallardo ◽  
Daniel Camiletti-Moirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Objectively Measured

scholarly journals Associations between participation in organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play with child physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional analysis of primary school-aged children from the UK

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e017588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Jago ◽  
Corrie Macdonald-Wallis ◽  
Emma Solomon-Moore ◽  
Janice, L. Thompson ◽  
Debbie, A. Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ObjectivesTo assess the extent to which participation in organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play was associated with children’s physical activity and sedentary time.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingChildren were recruited from 47 state-funded primary schools in South West England.Participants1223 children aged 8–9 years old.Outcome measuresAccelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time.MethodsChildren wore an accelerometer, and the mean minutes of MVPA and sedentary time per day were derived. Children reported their attendance at organised physical activity in the school or community outside school hours and neighbourhood play using a piloted questionnaire. Cross-sectional linear and logistic regression were used to examine if attendance frequency at each setting (and all settings combined) was associated with MVPA and sedentary time. Multiple imputation methods were used to account for missing data and increase sample size.ResultsChildren who attended clubs at school 3–4 days per week obtained an average of 7.58 (95% CI 2.7 to 12.4) more minutes of MVPA per day than children who never attended. Participation in the three other non-school-based activities was similarly associated with MVPA. Evidence for associations with sedentary time was generally weaker. Associations were similar in girls and boys. When the four different contexts were combined, each additional one to two activities participated in per week increased participants’ odds (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.25) of meeting the government recommendations for 60 min of MVPA per day.ConclusionParticipating in organised physical activity at school and in the community is associated with greater physical activity and reduced sedentary time among both boys and girls. All four types of activity contribute to overall physical activity, which provides parents with a range of settings in which to help their child be active.

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