scholarly journals Effects of high-fidelity simulation based on life-threatening clinical condition scenarios on learning outcomes of undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen La Cerra ◽  
Angelo Dante ◽  
Valeria Caponnetto ◽  
Ilaria Franconi ◽  
Elona Gaxhja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Performance

ObjectiveThe purpose was to analyse the effectiveness of high-fidelity patient simulation (HFPS) based on life-threatening clinical condition scenarios on undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students’ learning outcomes.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and its reporting was checked against the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, CINAHL with Full Text, Wiley Online Library and Web of Science were searched until July 2017. Author contact, reference and citation lists were checked to obtain additional references.Study selectionTo be included, available full-texts had to be published in English, French, Spanish or Italian and (a) involved undergraduate or postgraduate nursing students performing HFPS based on life-threatening clinical condition scenarios, (b) contained control groups not tested on the HFPS before the intervention, (c) contained data measuring learning outcomes such as performance, knowledge, self-confidence, self-efficacy or satisfaction measured just after the simulation session and (d) reported data for meta-analytic synthesis.Review methodThree independent raters screened the retrieved studies using a coding protocol to extract data in accordance with inclusion criteria.Synthesis methodFor each study, outcome data were synthesised using meta-analytic procedures based on random-effect model and computing effect sizes by Cohen’s d with a 95% CI.ResultsThirty-three studies were included. HFPS sessions showed significantly larger effects sizes for knowledge (d=0.49, 95% CI [0.17 to 0.81]) and performance (d=0.50, 95% CI [0.19 to 0.81]) when compared with any other teaching method. Significant heterogeneity among studies was detected.ConclusionsCompared with other teaching methods, HFPS revealed higher effects sizes on nursing students’ knowledge and performance. Further studies are required to explore its effectiveness in improving nursing students’ competence and patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Depression and its Main Determinants Among Iranian Operating Room Personnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ameri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Hosseini Nodoushan ◽  
Amir Shahbazzadeh ◽  
Mehran Arab Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Operating Room Personnel ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Main Determinants

Background: Most nurses, especially operating room personnel, seems to be more likely to be affected by mood disorders than other social strata. The present study attempted to systematically review the prevalence of depression and its main determinants among operating room personnel in Iran. Methods: The method of this systematic review is documenting in a published protocol in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. After this massive search, titles and abstracts of retrieved documents have screened and all irrelevant articles excluded. Two reviewers screened the documents and selected all relevant studies and assessed included articles separately. Results: Totally, 12 citations found in the initial literature search where four citations excluded, as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The final number of studies available for analysis was 12 including a total of 373 operating room personnel (86 men and 287 women, mean the age of 27.71 years ranged from 20 to 36 years). The pooled prevalence of depression among operating room personnel was estimated to be 45.3%. In this regard, 27.0% of personnel suffered from severe depression. A significant heterogeneity found in the overall analysis of the overall prevalence of depression and its severe pattern. Conclusion: A notable number of operating room personnel in Iran suffer from depression even in its severe condition emphasizing the importance of the managerial approach to minimize its adverse effects on their performance as well as to improve their quality of life

scholarly journals Methodology and reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies in psychiatric epidemiology: Systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (6) ◽  
pp. 446-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Traolach S. Brugha ◽  
Ruth Matthews ◽  
Zoe Morgan ◽  
Trevor Hill ◽  
Jordi Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundRelatively little is known of the use of systematic review and synthesis methods of non-randomised psychiatric epidemiological studies, which play a vital role in aetiological research, planning and policy-making.AimsTo evaluate reviews of psychiatric epidemiological studies of functional mental disorders that employed synthesis methods such as systematic review or meta-analysis, or other forms of quantitative review.MethodWe searched the literature to identify appropriate reviews published during the period 1996 to April 2009. Selected reviews were evaluated using published review guidelines.ResultsWe found 106 reviews in total, of which 38 (36%) did not mention method of data abstraction from primary studies at all. Many failed to mention study quality, publication bias, bias and confounding. In 73 studies that performed a meta-analysis, 58 (79%) tested for heterogeneity and of these, 47 found significant heterogeneity. Studies that detected heterogeneity made some allowance for this. A major obstacle facing reviewers is the wide variation between primary studies in the use of instruments to measure outcomes and in sampling methods used.ConclusionsMany deficiencies found in systematic reviews are potentially remediable, although synthesis of primary study findings in a field characterised by so many sources of heterogeneity will remain challenging.

Abstract 16760: Comparing Major Complications Between Radiofrequency and Cryoballoon Ablation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Awa Drame ◽  
Daniel Rodriguez ◽  
Nicholas Kotch ◽  
Dennis Cassidy ◽  
David Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cryoballoon Ablation ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Myocardial Injuries ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Introduction: Catheter ablation has become the cornerstone for the treatment of drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Two main forms of energy are used: cryoablation (CB) and radiofrequency (RF). Multiple studies have compared the effectiveness/safety curve between these two; among which is the FIRE AND ICE and the FREEZE AF trials which showed non-inferiority between these two technologies. Despite the remarkable success achieved at controlling arrythmias, complications as high as 16.3% have been reported in both technologies. Objectives: The main purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the incidence of esophageal and myocardial injuries among patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation vs cryoablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (AF). Methods/Results: We searched Pubmed/Embase, Medline and Cochrane from inception to April 2020 for studies that met our predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies comparing RFA to CBA and reporting the incidence of life-threatening complications (esophageal injuries and perforation/tamponade) were included in our analysis. To limit confounding variables and significant heterogeneity between studies, we selected only randomized-control trials and propensity-matched observational studies. A total of 2748 patients were identified. Overall analyses show that RFA has significantly higher life-threatening complications than CBA (OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.41-5.52; p=0.003). Conclusion: The present systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that RFA has 3 times more life-threatening complications than CBA. As previous studies have already shown similar degree of freedom from AF between these two ablation technologies, CBA appears to be more advantageous overall.

Spirituality and Anxiety in Critical Care Patients' Families: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ninik Ambar Sari ◽  
Merina Widyastuti ◽  
Putri Aprilia Rifah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Good Family ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Critical Care Patients

The critical care room is an independent hospital with special staff and special equipment for observation, care and therapy of patients suffering from life-threatening illnesses, injuries or complications. Families in critical rooms usually experience anxiety, fear, and panic. One of the efforts to reduce anxiety is to get closer to God Almighty to increase spirituality. The review aims to obtain information about the spiritual level with anxiety in patients' families in critical care rooms at the hospital. A systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA (Prefered Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) reporting technique with article selection using eligibility criteria. Search journals using Elsevier, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and ProQuest databases from June to July 2021. Using English keywords, three journals are obtained; through Indonesian, six journals are obtained. The results of nine journals that have been analyzed by researchers as a whole are 57.5% of good family spiritual and 52.5% moderate family anxiety. This decrease in anxiety was caused by the spiritual services provided to respondents in the form of praying. The spiritual approach can be used as input for nurses to provide interventions to all patients' families in the hospital, especially those who experience anxiety.  

scholarly journals Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0009781
Author(s):  
Tsige Ketema ◽  
Ketema Bacha ◽  
Kefelegn Getahun ◽  
Hernando A. del Portillo ◽  
Quique Bassat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Funnel Plot ◽  
Study Setting

Background Ethiopia is one of the scarce rare African countries where Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. There has been no attempt to derive a robust prevalence estimate of P. vivax in the country although a clear understanding of the epidemiology of this parasite is essential for informed decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, is aimed to synthesize the available evidences on the distribution of P. vivax infection by different locations/regions, study years, eco-epidemiological zones, and study settings in Ethiopia. Methods This study was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reposting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies conducted and published over the last two decades (2000 to 2020) that reported an estimate of P. vivax prevalence in Ethiopia were included. The Cochrane Q (χ2) and the I2 tests were used to assess heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to examine publication bias. A p-value of the χ2 test <0.05 and an I2 value >75% were considered presence of considerable heterogeneity. Random effect models were used to obtain pooled estimate of P. vivax infection prevalence. This study is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): ID CRD42020201761. Results We screened 4,932 records and included 79 studies that enrolled 1,676,659 confirmed malaria cases, from which 548,214 (32.69%) were P. vivax infections and 1,116,581 (66.59%) were due to P. falciparum. The rest (11,864 or 0.7%) were due to mixed infections. The pooled estimate of P. vivax prevalence rate was 8.93% (95% CI: 7.98–9.88%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 100%, p<0.0001). Regional differences showed significant effects (p<0.0001, and I2 = 99.4%) on the pooled prevalence of P. vivax, while study years (before and after the scaling up of interventional activities) did not show significant differences (p = 0.9, I2 = 0%). Eco-epidemiological zones considered in the analysis did show a significant statistical effect (p<0.001, I2 = 78.5%) on the overall pooled estimate prevalence. Also, the study setting showed significant differences (p = 0.001, and I2 = 90.3%) on the overall prevalence, where significant reduction of P. vivax prevalence (4.67%, 95%CI: 1.41–7.93%, p<0.0001) was observed in studies conducted at the community level. The studies included in the review demonstrated lack of publication bias qualitatively (symmetrical funnel plot) and quantitatively [Egger’s test (coefficient) = -2.97, 95% CI: -15.06–9.13, p = 0.62]. Conclusion The estimated prevalence of P. vivax malaria in Ethiopia was 8.93% with P. vivax prevailing in the central west region of Ethiopia, but steadily extending to the western part of the country. Its distribution across the nation varies according to geographical location, study setting and study years.

Replication of the Superstition and Performance Study by

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Calin-Jageman ◽  
Tracy L. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Performance

A recent series of experiments suggests that fostering superstitions can substantially improve performance on a variety of motor and cognitive tasks ( Damisch, Stoberock, & Mussweiler, 2010 ). We conducted two high-powered and precise replications of one of these experiments, examining if telling participants they had a lucky golf ball could improve their performance on a 10-shot golf task relative to controls. We found that the effect of superstition on performance is elusive: Participants told they had a lucky ball performed almost identically to controls. Our failure to replicate the target study was not due to lack of impact, lack of statistical power, differences in task difficulty, nor differences in participant belief in luck. A meta-analysis indicates significant heterogeneity in the effect of superstition on performance. This could be due to an unknown moderator, but no effect was observed among the studies with the strongest research designs (e.g., high power, a priori sampling plan).

Chasing the Anchor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Perceptual Anchoring Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt D Shulver ◽  
Nicholas A Badcock
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
English Language ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

We report the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between perceptual anchoring and dyslexia. Our goal was to assess the direction and degree of effect between perceptual anchoring and reading ability in typical and atypical (dyslexic) readers. We performed a literature search of experiments explicitly assessing perceptual anchoring and reading ability using PsycInfo (Ovid, 1860 to 2020), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1860 to 2019), EMBASE (Ovid, 1883 to 2019), and PubMed for all available years up to June (2020). Our eligibility criteria consisted of English-language articles and, at minimum, one experimental group identified as dyslexic - either by reading assessment at the time, or by previous diagnosis. We assessed for risk of bias using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Six studies were included in this review, but only five (n = 280 participants) were included in the meta-analysis (we were unable to access the necessary data for one study).The overall effect was negative, large and statistically significant; g = -0.87, 95% CI [-1.47, 0.27]: a negative effect size indicating less perceptual anchoring in dyslexic versus non-dyslexic groups. Visual assessment of funnel plot and Egger’s test suggest minimal bias but with significant heterogeneity; Q (4) = 9.70, PI (prediction interval) [-2.32, -0.58]. The primary limitation of the current review is the small number of included studies. We discuss methodological limitations, such as limited power, and how future research may redress these concerns. The variability of effect sizes appears consistent with the inherent variability within subtypes of dyslexia. This level of dispersion seems indicative of the how we define cut-off thresholds between typical reading and dyslexia populations, but also the methodological tools we use to investigate individual performance.

scholarly journals The high risk of malarial recurrence in patients with Plasmodium-mixed infection after treatment with antimalarial drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aongart Mahittikorn ◽  
Frederick Ramirez Masangkay ◽  
Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui ◽  
Giovanni De Jesus Milanez ◽  
Manas Kotepui
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Malaria mixed infections are often unrecognized by microscopists in the hospitals, and a delay or failure to treat Plasmodium-mixed infection may lead to aggravated morbidity and increased mortality. The present study aimed to quantify the pooled proportion and risk of malarial recurrences after the treatment of Plasmodium-mixed infection. The results of the study may provide benefits in the management of Plasmodium-mixed infection in co-endemic regions. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis searched the international Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; ID = CRD42020199709), MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus for potentially relevant studies in any language published between January 1, 1936, and July 20, 2020, assessing drug efficacy in patients with Plasmodium-mixed infection. The primary outcome was the pooled prevalence of Plasmodium parasitemia after initiating antimalarial treatment for Plasmodium-mixed infection. The secondary outcome was the pooled risk ratio (RR) of malarial recurrence in Plasmodium-mixed infection compared with those in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax mono-infection. The pooled analyses were calculated by random-effects meta-analysis. After the initial treatment in different days of recurrences (≤ 28 days or > 28 days), the risk of Plasmodium parasitemia was compared in subgroup analysis. Results Out of 5217 screened studies, 11 were included in the meta-analysis, including 4390 patients from six countries. The pooled prevalence of all recurrences of Plasmodium-mixed parasitemia was 30% (95% confidence interval (CI) 16–43; I2: 99.2%; 11 studies). The RR of malarial recurrence within 28 days after the initial treatment (clinical treatment failure) of Plasmodium-mixed parasitemia compared with the treatment of P. falciparum was 1.22 (p: 0.029; 95% CI 1.02–1.47; Cochran Q: 0.93; I2: 0%; six studies), while there was no significant difference in the risk of recurrence 28 days after initial treatment compared with the treatment of P. falciparum (p: 0.696, RR: 1.14; 95% CI 0.59–2.18; Cochran Q < 0.05; I2: 98.2%; four studies). The subgroup analysis of antimalarial drugs showed that significant malarial recurrence within 28 days was observed in patients treated with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) with no significant heterogeneity (p: 0.028, RR: 1.31; 95% CI 1.03–1.66; Cochran Q: 0.834; I2: 0%). Conclusions The present findings showed a high prevalence of malarial recurrence after the initial treatment of Plasmodium-mixed infection. Moreover, significant malaria recurrence of mixed infection occurred within 28 days after treatment with ACTs. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Occupational Asbestos Exposure and Kidney Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris C Y Pang ◽  
Kevin Phan ◽  
Md Nazmul Karim ◽  
Afsana Afroz ◽  
Matthew Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Objectives An estimated 125 million workers are exposed to asbestos worldwide. Asbestos is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 1 carcinogen. The association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer is not well established however. This study aimed to determine the mortality and incidence of kidney cancer in workers who have been exposed to asbestos. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. Methods Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for articles on occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. The studies reported the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) or standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of kidney cancer in workers exposed to asbestos. SMRs or SIRs with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a fixed-effect model. Results Forty-nine cohort studies involving 335 492 workers were selected for analysis. These studies included 468 kidney cancer deaths and 160 incident cases. The overall pooled-SMR of kidney cancer was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86–1.05), with no significant heterogeneity (PQ = 0.09, I2 = 24.87%). The overall pooled-SIR of kidney cancer was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.79–1.11), with no significant heterogeneity (PQ = 0.68, I2 = 0.00%). Subgroup analysis did not find any increased association with occupational asbestos exposure. There was no evidence of publication bias with Egger’s test P values of 0.08 for mortality studies and 0.99 for incidence studies. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis did not show evidence of association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer mortality or incidence.

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