scholarly journals Age at identification, prevalence and general health of children with autism: observational study of a whole country population

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e025904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Rydzewska ◽  
Laura Anne Hughes-McCormack ◽  
Christopher Gillberg ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Cecilia MacIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Young People ◽  
General Health ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesReported childhood prevalence of autism varies considerably between studies and over time, and general health status has been little investigated. We aimed to investigate contemporary prevalence of reported autism by age, and general health status of children/young people with and without autism.DesignSecondary analysis of Scotland’s Census, 2011 data. Cross-sectional study.SettingGeneral population of Scotland.ParticipantsAll children (n=916 331) and young people (n=632 488) in Scotland.Main outcome measuresNumber (%) of children/young people reported to have autism and their general health status; prevalence of autism; prevalence of poor health (fair, bad and very bad health); odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of autism predicting poor health, adjusted for age and gender and OR for age and gender in predicting poor health within the population with reported autism.ResultsAutism was reported for 17 348/916 331 (1.9%) children aged 0–15, and 7715/632 488 (1.2%) young people aged 16–24. The rate increased to age 11 in boys and age 10 in girls, reflecting age at diagnosis. Prevalence was 2.8% at age 10 (4.4% for boys; 1.1% for girls), and 2.9% at age 11 (4.5% for boys; 1.1% for girls). 22.0% of children and 25.5% of young people with autism reported poor health, compared with 2.0% and 4.4% without autism. Autism had OR=11.3 (11.0 to 11.7) in predicting poor health. Autistic females had poorer health than autistic males, OR=1.6 (1.5 to 1.8).ConclusionAccurate information on the proportion of autistic children and their health status is essential plan appropriate prevention and intervention measures and provide resources for those who may put demand on services designed for autistic people.

scholarly journals Prevalence and general health status of people with intellectual disabilities in Scotland: a total population study

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Anne Hughes-McCormack ◽  
Ewelina Rydzewska ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Cecilia MacIntyre ◽  
Julie Rintoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
General Health ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
And Gender

BackgroundPrevalence of intellectual disabilities varies considerably between studies. People with intellectual disabilities experience health inequalities, but most studies comprise small or incomplete populations. We investigated in a whole country population the (1) prevalence of intellectual disabilities and (2) general health status compared with the general population.MethodData were from Scotland’s Census, 2011. We calculated the prevalence of intellectual disabilities, reported general health status of people with and without intellectual disabilities and the extent of health-related limitations to daily activities. We conducted logistic regressions to determine the ORs of intellectual disabilities predicting poor health and associations with age and gender.ResultsOf Scotland’s 5 295 403 population, 26 349 (0.5%) had intellectual disabilities; 15 149 (57.5%) were males and 11 200 (42.5%) were females; 5234 (0.6%) were children/youth (0–15) and 21 115 (0.5%) were adults (16–75+ years). Identification of intellectual disabilities rises until age 5 years, with a further small rise by age 9 years. Children and adults with intellectual disabilities reported more poor health (47.9% and 40.3%) than the general population (2.1% and 13.8%) and were more limited in activities by their health. Intellectual disabilities had an OR of 43.2 (95% CI 40.8 to 45.7) in predicting poor health; the influence of increasing age on poor health was markedly interacted by presence of intellectual disabilities, likely to be due to a ‘healthy survivor’ effect within the intellectual disabilities population.ConclusionPeople with intellectual disabilities have poorer general health than other people, especially children and young people. Accurate information on population prevalence and health status is essential to plan appropriate resources.

Aircraft Noise Levels, Annoyance and General Health of Residents of Communities contiguous to a Major Airport in Lagos State

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Iheanyichukwu M. Elechi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Distant Location ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the aircraft noise exposure, annoyance reactions and health status of the residents living within the vicinity of the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMA) in Lagos state, Nigeria. Aircraft noise monitoring was conducted in five locations within the vicinity (0-5Km) of MMA, and a sixth distant location (14km away). Levels of aircraft noise for all five locations within the vicinity of the airport exceeded the EPA Victoria threshold of 75 dB LAmax for the residential area (outdoor). A survey on annoyance induced by aircraft noise exposure and general health status was conducted on 450 local residents in the study locations using the International Commission on Biological Effect of Noise question and a single question that has been applied in Dutch national health care surveys since 1983 on self-reported general health status respectively. Percentage of residents within the vicinity of MMA that were highly annoyed (%HA) exceeded 15% guideline limit stipulated by Federal Interagency Committee on Urban Noise while 14.5% reported poor health status. There was a significant association between the annoyance reactions and aircraft noise levels in the study locations while the association between self-reported health status and aircraft noise levels was not significant. Taken together, the residents within the vicinity of the airport are exposed to aircraft noise levels above permissible limit which may be associated with high annoyance reaction but may not be associated with poor health rating. Evidence-based aircraft noise related policies by government are advocated.

Quality of life along the diabetes continuum: a cross-sectional view of health-related quality of life and general health status in middle-aged and older Finns

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1935-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saku Väätäinen ◽  
Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi ◽  
Jouko Saramies ◽  
Hannu Uusitalo ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Peculiarities of health literacy in people with mental disorders: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Katharina Mantell ◽  
Annika Baumeister ◽  
Hildegard Christ ◽  
Stephan Ruhrmann ◽  
Christiane Woopen
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
General Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
German Population ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Health literacy (HL) is considered a key concept to positively address relevant decisions concerning physical and mental health. According to an integrated model of a European Consortium, the process to access, understand, appraise and apply health information is at the centre of practising HL. Aim: In this study, we examine HL in a population with an early onset of a mental disorder (MD). Methods: Results are based on a cross-sectional survey among people with MD ( n = 310) who sought help at an early detection centre for MD in Cologne, Dresden or Munich. Help-seekers filled out the European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q) on perception-based HL, socio-demographic data and general health status. Psychopathology was assessed separately by trained specialists. Data are compared with a representative sample of the German population. Results: Overall, HL was lower in a sample with MD compared with the general population. Disease-specific limitations were present in accessing, appraising and applying health information, whereas understanding was perceived fairly easy. Statistical analysis of limited HL revealed correlations with the diagnosis of affective disorders and anxiety disorders, an increase of depressive symptoms as well as the presence of more than one MD. In line with these findings, low levels of HL were associated with a worse general health status. Conclusion: In a population with MD, accessing, appraising and applying health information seemed to be particularly challenging. Therefore, educational programmes that mainly focus on increasing knowledge might not be sufficient for improving the HL in people with MD. Further research should concentrate on context-specific HL to foster behavioural change and improve overall health.

scholarly journals Comparison of the General Health Outcomes of Individuals Considering Various Environmental Incivilities in Kalar City, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Wali Ali ◽  
Sabri Baqer Rasooli ◽  
Pegah AliMardan Seidi ◽  
Hussein Noori Ali ◽  
Jaza Tofiq Talib
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Background: Previous research has indicated that environmental incivilities adversely affect the general health of individuals. Objectives: The present study aimed to describe the general health status of individuals considering the environmental incivilities in various areas of Kalar city, Iraq. Methods: This casual-comparative study was conducted in four distinct areas of Kalar city, which were selected purposively. The sample population included 128 participants, who were randomly selected from these areas. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire of environmental incivilities and the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22. Results: The descriptive data indicated the higher scores of the general health status and environmental incivilities in older inhabited areas of the city, and the ANOVA results implied that the differences in this regard were significant (P < 0.01). In addition, the results of Pearson’s correlation-coefficient showed a positive association between the general health scores and environmental incivilities (P = 0.001; r = 0.249). Nonetheless, no significant differences were observed in term of the age and gender of the participants. Conclusions: According to the results, although the scores of general health and environmental incivilities were high in all the selected areas, a significant difference was observed in the health status of the participants in the older inhabited areas, which confirmed the deteriorated general health status of the individuals with the higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.

Sleep-disordered breathing and self-reported general health status in Thai patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakobkiat Hirunwiwatkul ◽  
Patnarin Mahattanasakul
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
General Health ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Abstract Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been a rapidly increasing health problem in Thai. Its effect on quality of life of Thai patients has not been adequately addressed. Objective: Determine the relationship between SDB and self-reported general health status in Thai patients. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was used. Two hundred and sixtyeight patients (195 men and 73 women, age: 16-82 years) are recruited from King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between January 2006 and December 2007. A health profile was obtained by self-administered questionnaire. SDB severity was assessed using an attended single-night comprehensive polysomnography. Results: SDB was not directly associated with the general health status. Presence of excessive daytime sleepiness, which was the major symptom of obstructive sleep apnea, was associated with a decrease in all domains of Short Form 36. Age, sex, and body mass index were also related to a lower physical function. Hypertension and excessive daytime sleepiness were associated with the severity of SDB. Conclusion: SDB is indirectly related to a lower general health status, and this relationship is of clinical significance.

Anti-müllerian hormone levels as indicator of female general health status: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Stella Vanni ◽  
Antonio Quartucci ◽  
Agnese Rebecchi ◽  
Laura Privitera ◽  
Alessia Limena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Levels

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Self-rated Health in Machhapuchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski District, Nepal: A Cross-sectional Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Bimala Sharma ◽  
S Wagle ◽  
N Shrestha ◽  
MP Bhatt ◽  
BR Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Rated Health

Introduction: Self-rated health reflects respondents’ overall perceptions of their general health status. It is a simple and reliable measure of general health status of the population. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess prevalence and associated factors of poor self-rated health among adult population in Machhapuchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski District, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among adult population at Machhapuchhre Rural Municipality. A structured questionnaire was used for the face to face interview. Household survey was conducted in July 2018. Self-rated health was measured by using a single question such as ‘In general, how would you rate your health?’ Responses were arranged along a five-point Likert-type scale: ‘excellent’, ‘good’, ‘fair’, ‘poor’ and very poor. The outcome variable was dichotomized as ‘good’ (excellent, good or fair) or ‘poor’ (poor or very poor). Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed; and odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for poor self-rated health were presented. Results: Of total respondents, 13.2% respondents reported that they perceived their health as poor. Of the total, 14.3% respondents stated themselves as overweight and 8.8% mentioned they were unhappy. The study found that illiterate respondents, respondents with smoking habit and the individuals with poor psychological conditions were more likely to perceive their health as poor. Illiteracy, current smoking, perceived overweight, unhappiness, suicidal ideation and having depressed feeling were significant factors associated with poor self-rated health in the study. Conclusion: Education, health behavior and psychosocial health variables has important influences on self-rated health.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Analysis of Mental and General Health Status of Informal Carers in Australia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itismita Mohanty ◽  
Theo Niyonsenga
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
Informal Carers

Abstract Background The study investigates the self-assessed mental and general health status of informal carers in Australia. It evaluates the influence of carer’s health behaviours, namely: physical activity, smoking and drinking status; along with their social connectedness and workforce engagement on their health status. Methods The study uses a retrospective longitudinal design using data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia survey, waves 5-15 (2005-2015). It includes individuals aged 15 years and older from Australian households surveyed over a period of 11 years. The sample consists of 23,251 individuals. The outcome measures include: Mental health, general health and physical functioning, domains of the Short Form 36 Questionnaire, a widely used multi-dimensional measure of health-related quality of life. Using fixed effects regression, the analysis takes care of the issue of individuals self-selecting themselves as carers due to some predisposing factors such as age, poor health, socioeconomic status and sedentary behaviour. Results Informal carers suffer from poor mental (Beta = -0.587, p=0.003) and general health (Beta = -0.670, p=0.001) outcomes compared to non-carers in Australia. Increasing age has a modifying impact on carers’ mental and general health outcomes. The older carers are coping better with their caregiving status than the younger ones. Moreover, physical activities have a positive influence on both mental and general health for non-cares, with more activities generating better health outcomes. Also, physical activities have a modifying impact on carers’ mental health compared to non-carers. Furthermore, the study finds that moderate levels of social drinking have beneficial modifying impact on carers’ mental and general health. Conclusion Findings suggest that some targeted support programs for young carers and, in general, carer focused community physical activities programs, could help to improve the poor health profiles of carers. Moreover, improved informal carer’s health would help to reduce the institutional demand for carers and could bridge the gap in carers’ demand and supply. Finally, the study identified a link between moderate levels of social drinking and carer health that needs to be further explored with more targeted future research.

Depression among final year medical students in universiti sains malaysia (USM): associated, risk and determinant factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 706-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S.B. Yusoff ◽  
A.F. Abdul Rahim ◽  
M.J. Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor General Health ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Love Relationship

ObjectiveThis study interested in gathering data on the prevalence of depression and its contributing factors among final year medical students in USM.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done. A total of 187 final year medical students of the 2007/2008 batch were selected as in study subjects. The Malay Beck's Depression Inventory (M-BDI_ was administered to identify depressed students. Data were collected during housemanship course, one week after their final summative examination.ResultA total of 92 (49.2%) students responded to this survey. The percentage of depression among the students was 21.7%: approximately 19.5% with mild depression and 2.2% with moderate depression respectively. The mean M-BDI scores were found to be significantly increased among female medical students (p < 0.05), those in difficulties with peer and love relationships (p < 0.01), and those with poor general health status (p < 0.001). Logistic regression showed female students, those in difficulties with love relationship and those with poor general health were at higher risk to develop depression (X2 (df) = 26.59 (3), p < 0.001). Multi-factorial ANOVA analysis showed that two factors contribute to depression among final year medical students which were gender and general health status (F (df) = 5.934 (13), p < 0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of depression among medical student was high. Female medical students, those in difficulties with love relationship, and poor general health status were at high risk to develop depression. Gender and general health status were determinant factors of depression among USM final year medical students.

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