scholarly journals Health, well-being and social relations in a changing neighbourhood: protocol for a prospective, multimethods study of the consequences of large structural changes in an ethnic diverse social housing area in Denmark

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e030936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Lund ◽  
Ulla Christensen ◽  
Jimmi Mathisen ◽  
Kristine S Sørensen ◽  
Abirami Srivarathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Structural Interventions ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Housing Area

IntroductionResidential areas constitute an important arena for health, well-being and social relations. Structural interventions such as demolition and area renewal have been used to reduce inequality in health and well-being in disadvantaged areas. However, the effects of larger structural interventions are inconclusive. In a longitudinal perspective, this study aims to analyse how large-scale structural changes in an ethnic diverse social housing area are associated with the residents’ health, well-being and social relations.Methods and analysisIn this multimethods study, we examine this aim among middle-aged and older residents in a multiethnic social housing area in a Danish municipality by the inclusion of comprehensive survey (in 2018, 2019 and 2020), register (yearly 2015–2025) and qualitative (2018–2020) data. Municipal Health Profile survey data from 2017 and 2021 will be used for comparison. The area will undergo large structural changes in the built environment during 2018–2021. A ‘natural experiment’ (n=6000) compares differences in health and social outcomes across the study period between the study area and a similar neighbouring area not undergoing structural changes. Through user engagement in the design of the study, throughout the different phases of the study and in the two co-created interventions embedded in the study design, a focus on empowerment and recognition of the resources and perspectives of residents are encouraged.Ethics and disseminationThe study is registered in the University of Copenhagen’s record of biobanks and research projects containing personal data and will be conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Residential and municipal representatives and local non-governmental organisations are engaged in the design and execution of the study to ensure the usefulness, reflexive interpretation of data, and relevance of interventions. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals, presented at conferences and as short reports through the use of both written and visual outputs.

scholarly journals 30.M. Workshop: Experiences using a multi-methods study in an ethnic diverse deprived social housing area in Denmark

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Housing Area

Abstract Structural changes are commonly used as a political tool to improve health and wellbeing and reduce health disparities in deprived social housing areas. However, the evidence of effect is limited and ambiguous. Potential consequences are both positive (increasing heterogeneity in socioeconomic background of residents, better overall health) and negative (poorer social cohesion, stress due to relocation of residents). In Denmark, a number of social housing areas have recently been selected for large structural changes based on a politically defined list of indicators related to the socio-economic status and ethnicity of the residents. The setting for the workshop is a prospective multi-methods study of health, wellbeing and social relations among residents in one of the selected social housing areas in the period 2015-2025 with a focus on middle-aged and older residents, 'Health, Well-being and Social Relations in a Changing Neighbourhood'. Twenty percent of the apartment blocks in the area will be demolished in the period 2019-2020. This study provides a unique opportunity to explore the effects of large-scale structural changes in a longitudinal and multi-methods perspective. Thus, the study aims to increase our understanding of how changes affect the health, well-being and social relations among residents from different perspectives. Through user engagement in the design of the study and in particular in the two co-created interventions embedded in the study design, a focus on empowerment and recognition of the resources and perspectives of residents is encouraged. The main objectives of this workshop is to present and discuss the advantages and challenges with the different methodological approaches and communicative tools and how to gain synergistic effects of this approach within the setting of the research project. The workshop will include five presentations followed by a discussion. A focus on the multiple methods employed in the project and how they interact and supplement each other will bind the presentations together. The purpose is to share and discuss with the public health research community the experienced advantages as well as challenges with this approach. The project includes: A three wave survey (before, during and after the structural changes) (target population N∼600 in each wave). A needs assessment based on 31 qualitative interviews and results from the first survey wave. Two co-created interventions with a main purpose of ensuring social cohesion in the community during the structural changes. Register-based information on health and social factors in the period 2015-2025 on all residents living in the social housing area as well as in a similar neighbouring control social housing area not undergoing structural changes until 2023 (natural experiment approach). Novel in this area, graphic illustrative methods will be included as an instrument for increasing communication success and as part of the interventions. Key messages The workshop offers insight on synergistic effects of a longitudinal, multi-methods study exploring health and social effects of large-scale structural changes in an ethnic diverse social housing area. Offers a discussion of the challenges with data collection in a period with Danish state level political decisions leading to significant structural changes in deprived social housing areas.

scholarly journals Health, well-being and social relations in a changing neighbourhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Lund ◽  
U Christensen ◽  
J Mathisen ◽  
A Srivarathan ◽  
D Molbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Area ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Housing Area

Abstract The main purpose of the study is to examine the development in health, wellbeing and social relations among middle-aged and older residents during a four-year period from 2018-2021 in a Danish multi-ethnic social housing area undergoing large structural changes in the built environment. In addition, to develop two interventions with a focus on ensuring social cohesion in the area during the study period. This presentation will provide an overview of the study outline. The presentation will include a description of the study area, the political decisions that have led to the structural changes, the study population and a short overview of the aims and planned sub-studies. To prepare for the workshop discussion of the challenges, advantages and possibilities with the multi-methods approach this is followed by a short introduction to the different methods applied (a three-wave survey and qualitative data as well as two co-created interventions). The study is furthermore including a 'natural experiment' (N∼6.000) with a neighbouring non-profit social housing area not undergoing structural changes as the control area based on register data. The user-engagement in the design of study will be shortly described for example by their involvement in intervention development and by the involvement of citizen representatives and representatives from the Municipality and local non-governmental organizations in the design and execution of the study. Finally, the inclusion of graphical facilitation as a communication tool will be introduced.

scholarly journals Social relations and self-rated health in a multi-ethnic social housing area undergoing demolition

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Kvorning ◽  
A Srivarathan ◽  
S Nygaard ◽  
R Lund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Contact Frequency

Abstract Background During the coming years, selected social housing areas in Denmark will undergo large structural changes as part of a political agenda. Previous studies on the effects of such interventions are inconclusive. Residential areas are important for the development of social relations and health. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between social relations and self-rated health (SRH) and the interaction with country of origin in an ethnically diverse social housing area undergoing demolition, and compare results with the municipality. Methods Data include multilingual interviewer driven surveys with residents aged 45+ years before demolition began in 2018 (N = 209) and during the demolition in 2019 (N = 132), and a health survey on municipality level (N = 1638). Information on social relations include contact frequency with and support from family, friends and neighbors. SRH was dichotomized into high/low. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and Western/non-Western origin are presented. Results In cross-sectional analyses from 2018, low contact frequency and low support increased the risk of low SRH, OR = 1.44 (0.63-3.29) and OR = 1.23 (0.62-2.48), especially when also having non-Western origin compared to having high contact frequency or support and Western origin, OR = 6.27 (1.80-21.84) and OR = 4.43 (1.68-11.69), respectively. The same association was seen in 2019 and on municipality level. Low contact frequency in 2018 was associated with higher risk of developing or maintaining low SRH in 2019 compared to the group with high contact frequency in 2018 in longitudinal analyses, OR = 3.04 (0.91-10.91). Conclusions Poor social relations increased the risk of low SRH, especially when also having non-Western origin. Having poor social relations before the demolition was associated with an increased risk of developing or maintaining low SRH during the demolition in an ethnically diverse social housing area. Key messages Having low contact frequency before area demolition in a social housing area in Denmark increased the risk of developing or maintaining low self-rated health after demolition had begun. Having poor social relations and non-Western origin is associated with a strong increased risk of low self-rated health in a deprived ethnic diverse social housing area in Denmark.

scholarly journals Adult attachment, cultural orientation, and well-being in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kafetsios ◽  
Evangelia Kateri
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Different Cultures

Social bonds and relationships are important determinants of well-being and happiness. Peoples’ propensities for relating to individual and cultural levels can partially account for variations in well-being in different cultures. The present paper examined how adult attachment orientations, a seminal aspect of relating, and independent and interdependent self-construal, a cultural category of social relations, interrelate at an individual level to explain well-being in Greece. In a large-scale community study state secure attachment and independent and interdependent cultural orientations were all positively associated with well-being. As expected, the two relating constructs intersected so that higher interdependence was associated with higher anxiety and lower avoidance in line with expectations. Importantly, the interaction between interdependence and anxious attachment accounted for an additional part of the variance in well-being: participants higher in anxiety and interdependence had higher well-being whereas the inverse was true for participants higher in anxiety and independence. These results point to culture-specific patterns in how central relating schemas contribute to well-being[1]. 

Challenges and lessons learnt from conducting a health survey in an ethnically diverse population

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110546
Author(s):  
Siv Steffen Nygaard ◽  
Abirami Srivarathan ◽  
jimmi Mathisen ◽  
Maria Kristiansen ◽  
Ulla Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The Third ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Housing Area

Aim: To document the challenges of developing and executing an interviewer-driven survey questionnaire in an ethnically diverse and deprived social housing area undergoing reconstruction in Denmark. Methods: The survey was initially planned to be conducted in three waves (before, during and after reconstruction of the housing area), based on a questionnaire covering health, wellbeing and social relations. The first two waves took place in 2018 and 2019 (invited n=~600 per wave) and the third wave will be conducted once the reconstruction is finalised. The approach to the third wave is under revision by the research team. The questionnaire was translated from Danish into the seven most common languages in the housing area. A bilingual interview team went door to door interviewing residents. Field notes were collected systematically during each wave to document the process. Results: The response rates were 35% ( n=209) and 22% ( n=132) for waves 1 and 2, respectively. There was an overall decrease in response rates between waves 1 and 2 for all language groups, but particularly for Arabic and Turkish-speaking men. The most frequently stated reasons for non-participation included illness and language barriers. The key lessons learnt were that overcoming linguistic and cultural barriers to conducting research among residents in this social housing area requires time and resources. Conclusions: Several challenges are associated with conducting a survey in ethnically diverse and deprived social housing areas. Documenting the challenges and learning from experience are both important, in order to include this hard-to-reach population in health research.

scholarly journals Robotization in healthcare: legal perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima V. Tsomartova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Medical Robots ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. The development and application of medical robotics, medical robotic devices, automated technical systems in the field of health care are already quite successful and have great potential. Such large-scale technological changes inevitably actualize the social roles of law, that should properly settle, protect and guide the development of nascent social relations, which until recently occurred everywhere in a kind of regulatory vacuum. Material and methods. The methodological basis of the study included general scientific methods (dialectical, logical, systemic, historical, sociological, statistical) and private scientific methods of legal science (formal-legal, historical-legal and comparative-legal). The empirical basis of the study was Russian and foreign regulatory legal acts and law enforcement practice, as well as legal doctrine. Results. Based on the comparative legal study a legal definition of the medical robots and various options for their classification, among them a special one, including surgical robots, robots used in restorative medicine, rehabilitation of immobilized patients, nursing and care robots, have been developed. Cyborgs are biological organisms containing mechanical or electronic components are allocated to a special group. Legal mechanisms for ensuring security and cybersecurity in this area are highlighted. The necessity of more flexible legal regulation of personal data concerning the health of citizens and medical confidentiality under new technological conditions is justified. Discussion. Legal regulation of the medical robots should be of a staged nature. General norms of sectoral significance can be formulated at later stages. At the moment, it is more rational to direct efforts to determine the legal regime of certain types of created artificial intelligence systems in the healthcare sector. Conclusion. The legal concept of robotics in healthcare should take a significant place in a wide range of scientific studies of the development of new technologies for the benefit, not to the detriment, of a person.

scholarly journals Ecological hygienic assessment of soils quality in urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 913-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Vodyanova ◽  
I. A. Kriatov ◽  
L. G. Donerian ◽  
I. S. Evseeva ◽  
D. I. Ushakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Volatile Chemicals ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Secondary Air

Assessment of the soil quality is ofprime importance essential for the characterization of the ecological and hygienic condition of the territory, as the soil is the first link of the food chain, the source of secondary air and water pollution, as well as an integral index of ecological well-being of the environment. Herewith the qualitative analysis of soil complicated by the specifics of the soil genesis in the urban environment, in which an important role is played by manmade land bulk and alluvial soils; the inclusion of construction of material debris and household garbage in upper horizons; the growing up of the profile due to the perpetual introduction of different materials and intensive aeolian deposition. It is advisable to consider the currently neglected question of the study of soil vapor containing volatile chemicals. These pollutants penetrate into the building through cracks in the foundation and openings for utilities. Soil evaporation may accumulate in residential areas or in the soil under the building. Because of this, it is necessary to pay attention to the remediation of areas allocated for the built-up area, possessing a large-scale underground parking. Soil contamination is the result of significant anthropogenic impacts on the environment components. In general, about 89.1 million people (62.6% of the population of the country) live in terms of complex chemical load, determined by contamination offood, drinking water, air and soil. The list of microbiological and sanitary-chemical indices of the assessment of soils of urban areas may vary in dependence on the data obtained in pilot studies due to changes and additions to the assigned tasks. Timely forecast for the possibility of the usage of released lands of urban territories for the construction and the creation of new objects for different purposes should become the prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases in the population residing in urban areas.

scholarly journals Social Relations, Community Engagement and Potentials: A Qualitative Study Exploring Resident Engagement in a Community-Based Health Promotion Intervention in a Deprived Social Housing Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2341
Author(s):  
Abirami Srivarathan ◽  
Rikke Lund ◽  
Ulla Christensen ◽  
Maria Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Health Promotion Intervention ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Housing Area

Emerging evidence points towards a lower quality of life, fragile social relations and suboptimal health behavior and status of residents living in social housing areas characterized by ethnic diversity and socioeconomic deprivation. Community-based health promotion interventions developed in collaboration with the target group and adjusted to the local context can affect the acceptance of and engagement in such interventions. However, few studies have investigated the potential of community-based interventions in deprived social housing areas. This study explores residents’ perspectives on engagement in a community-based health promotion intervention focusing on enhancing social relations. The study builds on qualitative methods including participant observations combined with pre- and post-intervention interviews with a selected group of residents (n = 9). Data were thematically analyzed with focuses on participation in an everyday life context, concepts of othering, and territorial stigmatization. Engagement in the intervention was motivated by the need to establish and enhance social relations, and to explore the world outside the housing area. However, barriers including cultural and language differences among residents, and competing contextual factors, challenged engagement. We conclude that participatory community-based interventions have a potential to enhance social relations in deprived social housing areas. However, adequate support and efforts to overcome the identified barriers are needed.

El bienestar y la orientación educativa enfocados en las nuevas generaciones

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Nayeli del Carmen Rodríguez Esquivel ◽  
Katherina Edith Gallardo Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Digital Learners ◽  
Educational Guidance ◽  
Psicología Positiva

RESUMEN El estudio del bienestar en el entorno educativo se ha replanteado con la inserción de elementos de la psicología positiva en el entorno escolar, misma que ha modificado algunas perspectivas en torno a la orientación educativa, en particular en la orientación vocacional. El sentido de bienestar ya no es un referente exclusivo del contexto de salud, contempla también las emociones, las relaciones sociales, el sentido de vida y logros personales, todos estos elementos se tornan necesarios a considerar en el currículo escolar. A esto se suma, que actualmente se conoce más sobre las características de los adolescentes que son parte de la generación de aprendices digitales. Por tanto, el reto en los proyectos de orientación educativa es consolidar cambios estructurales necesarios para orientar de la mejor manera posible a jóvenes. A ellos, en pocos años les tocará diseñar y elegir un proyecto de vida en un mundo que ofrece cada vez más opciones de formación profesional y en diversos formatos. Este trabajo propone un análisis de perspectivas y enfoques que abordan estos temas desde diferentes vertientes y plantea la necesidad de conjuntar visiones en enfoques propositivos e innovadores para atender las demandas de los jóvenes con la inclusión del sentido de bienestar en dichas propuestas de orientación.ABSTRACT  The study of well-being in the educational environment has been reconsidered with the inclusion of elements of positive psychology in the school environment. This situation has modified some perspectives regarding educational guidance, particularly in vocational guidance. The sense of well-being is no longer an exclusive reference of the health context, it also includes emotions, social relations, the meaning of life and personal goals and achievements, all these elements are necessary to consider at the school curriculum. Additionally, more has been learned of the adolescents who belong to the digital-learner generation. Therefore, the challenge in educational projects is to consolidate structural changes necessary to guide young people in the best way possible. In the next years they will have to design and make decisions about a life project in a world that offers more and more options for professional training in different formats. This paper proposes an analysis of perspectives and approaches that address these issues from different perspectives and raises the need to combine visions in proactive and innovative approaches at educational guidance projects to meet the demands of digital learners with the inclusion of the sense of well-being in these proposals.

scholarly journals An experimental study on feature engineering and learning approaches for aggression detection in social media

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (63) ◽  
pp. 81-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonela Tommasel ◽  
Juan Manuel Rodriguez ◽  
Daniela Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Feature Engineering ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Learning Techniques

With the widespread of modern technologies and social media networks, a new form of bullying occurring anytime and anywhere has emerged. This new phenomenon, known as cyberaggression or cyberbullying, refers to aggressive and intentional acts aiming at repeatedly causing harm to other person involving rude, insulting, offensive, teasing or demoralising comments through online social media. As these aggressions represent a threatening experience to Internet users, especially kids and teens who are still shaping their identities, social relations and well-being, it is crucial to understand how cyberbullying occurs to prevent it from escalating. Considering the massive information on the Web, the developing of intelligent techniques for automatically detecting harmful content is gaining importance, allowing the monitoring of large-scale social media and the early detection of unwanted and aggressive situations. Even though several approaches have been developed over the last few years based both on traditional and deep learning techniques, several concerns arise over the duplication of research and the difficulty of comparing results. Moreover, there is no agreement regarding neither which type of technique is better suited for the task, nor the type of features in which learning should be based. The goal of this work is to shed some light on the effects of learning paradigms and feature engineering approaches for detecting aggressions in social media texts. In this context, this work provides an evaluation of diverse traditional and deep learning techniques based on diverse sets of features, across multiple social media sites. 

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