Characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for mortality of 522 167 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Brazil: a retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo provide a comprehensive description of demographic, clinical and radiographic characteristics; treatment and case outcomes; and risk factors associated with in-hospital death of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Brazil.DesignRetrospective cohort study of hospitalised patients diagnosed with COVID-19.SettingData from all hospitals across Brazil.Participants522 167 hospitalised patients in Brazil by 14 December 2020 with severe acute respiratory illness, and a confirmed diagnosis for COVID-19.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of symptoms and comorbidities was compared by clinical outcomes and intensive care unit (ICU) admission status. Survival was assessed using Kaplan Meier survival estimates. Risk factors associated with in-hospital death were evaluated with multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsOf the 522 167 patients included in this study, 56.7% were discharged, 0.002% died of other causes, 30.7% died of causes associated with COVID-19 and 10.2% remained hospitalised. The median age of patients was 61 years (IQR, 47–73), and of non-survivors 71 years (IQR, 60–80); 292 570 patients (56.0%) were men. At least one comorbidity was present in 64.5% of patients and in 76.8% of non-survivors. From illness onset, the median times to hospital and ICU admission were 6 days (IQR, 3–9) and 7 days (IQR, 3–10), respectively; 15 days (IQR, 9–24) to death and 15 days (IQR, 11–20) to hospital discharge. Risk factors for in-hospital death included old age, Black/Brown ethnoracial self-classification, ICU admission, being male, living in the North and Northeast regions and various comorbidities. Age had the highest HRs of 5.51 (95% CI: 4.91 to 6.18) for patients≥80, compared with those ≤20.ConclusionsCharacteristics of patients and risk factors for in-hospital mortality highlight inequities of COVID-19 outcomes in Brazil. As the pandemic continues to unfold, targeted policies that address those inequities are needed to mitigate the unequal burden of COVID-19.

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Admission biochemical test associated with the prognosis of COVID-19: a multi-centered retrospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23644/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qi Long ◽

Chen-liang Zhou ◽

Ye-ming Wang ◽

Bin Song ◽

Xiao-bin Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Regression Model ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Biochemical Test ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Objectives: Since December 2019, a outbreak of Corona Virus Disease-2019(COVID-19) started in Wuhan, China. Now we comprehended much more about the troublesome disease from studies than the beginning. But more details between admission laboratory test and prognosis of COVID-19 were still confusing. So we focused on the admission biochemical test, and tried to verify their influence to the prognosis of COVID-19.Method: 522 patients from 4 hospitals were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. We collected demographic information, comorbidities and laboratory biochemical indicators, then compared them between survivors’ and nonsurvivors’ group. Logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Linear regression and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC-curve) was applied to assess the efficiency of risk factors and regression model.Results:Age of nonsurvivors’ group(68.9) was older than survivors group(50.0). Diabetes(68.7%) was the most common comorbidity in the nonsurvivors’ group. In univariate regression analysis, most biochemical tests were related to the mortality except lipid metabolic results. Age, fasting blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were with a p-value less than 0.001 in multivariate regression model.Conclusion:Age, BUN and fasting blood glucose were risk factors associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 related pneumonia.Authors Qi Long, Chen-liang Zhou, Ye-ming Wang, Bin Song, Xiao-bin Cheng, Qiu-fen Dong, and Liu-lin Wang contributed equally to this work.

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Risk factors associated with increased discontinuation rate of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole used as a primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics ◽

10.1016/j.pupt.2021.101999 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 ◽

pp. 101999

Author(s):

Toshihito Otani ◽

Kakuhiro Yamaguchi ◽

Shinjiro Sakamoto ◽

Yasushi Horimasu ◽

Takeshi Masuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Primary Prophylaxis ◽

Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽

Discontinuation Rate ◽

Factors Associated

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Risk factors associated with pseudoaldosteronism in patients with chronic hepatitis: A retrospective cohort study

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology ◽

10.1111/bcpt.13178 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 124 (5) ◽

pp. 607-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Akihiro Komatsu ◽

Tetsuhiro Yoshino ◽

Takeshi Suzuki ◽

Tomonori Nakamura ◽

Takanori Kanai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Factors Associated

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Epidemiology of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacter bacteremia in a brazilian hospital

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822010000400022 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 452-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Felipe Francisco Tuon ◽

Leila Carolina Bianchet ◽

Sergio Ricardo Penteado-Filho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Survival Curve ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Length Of Hospitalization

INTRODUCTION: Enterobacter can be included in the group of extended spectrum β-lactamases (EBSL)-producing bacteria, though few studies exist evaluating risk factors associated with this microorganism. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine risk factors associated with ESBL-producing-Enterobacter and mortality METHODS: A retrospective cohort study with 58 bacteremia caused by ESBL-producing-Enterobacter (28 cases) and non-ESBL (30 cases) RESULTS: Risk factors associated with ESBL-Enterobacter were trauma, length of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit, urinary catheter and elective surgery (p< 0.05). The survival curves were similar for ESBL and non-ESBL CONCLUSIONS: ESBL-producing-Enterobacter bacteremia is prevalent and the survival curve was similar to non-ESBL-producing strains.

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Risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients in Taiwan: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e054098

Author(s):

Jo-Hui Pan ◽

Chih-Hung Cheng ◽

Chao-Ling Wang ◽

Chia-Yen Dai ◽

Chau-Chyun Sheu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Control Subjects

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to explore the association between pneumoconiosis and pneumothorax.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNationwide population-based study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database.ParticipantsA total of 2333 pneumoconiosis patients were identified (1935 patients for propensity score (PS)-matched cohort) and matched to 23 330 control subjects by age and sex (7740 subjects for PS-matched cohort).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe incidence and the cumulative incidence of pneumothorax.ResultsBoth incidence and the cumulative incidence of pneumothorax were significantly higher in the pneumoconiosis patients as compared with the control subjects (p<0.0001). For multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, residency, income level and other comorbidities, patients with pneumoconiosis exhibited a significantly higher risk of pneumothorax than those without pneumoconiosis (HR 3.05, 95% CI 2.18 to 4.28, p<0.0001). The male sex, heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease and connective tissue disease were risk factors for developing pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients.ConclusionsOur study revealed a higher risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients and suggested potential risk factors in these patients. Clinicians should be aware about the risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients.

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Factors associated with the time to return negative RT-PCR from COVID-19 in paediatric patients: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052609 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e052609

Author(s):

Jianbo Shao ◽

Hong Xu ◽

Zhixi Liu ◽

Xiaohua Ying ◽

Hua Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Antiviral Drugs ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Paediatric Patients

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical features and potential factors related to the time to return negative reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR in discharged paediatric patients with COVID-19.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUnscheduled admissions to 12 tertiary hospitals in China.ParticipantsTwo hundred and thirty-three clinical charts of paediatric patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted from 1 January 2020 to 17 April 2020.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures: factors associated with the time to return negative RT-PCR from COVID-19 in paediatric patients. Secondary outcome measures: epidemiological and clinical features and laboratory results in paediatric patients.ResultsThe median age of patients in our cohort was 7.50 (IQR: 2.92–12.17) years, and 133 (57.1%) patients were male. 42 (18.0%) patients were evaluated as asymptomatic, while 162 (69.5%) and 25 (10.7%) patients were classified as mild or moderate, respectively. In Cox regression analysis, longer time to negative RT-PCR was associated with the presence of confirmed infection in family members (HR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.41 to 0.79)). Paediatric patients with emesis symptom had a longer time to return negative (HR (95% CI): 0.33 (0.14 to 0.78)). During hospitalisation, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and antiviral drugs at the same time is less conducive to return negative than antiviral drugs alone (HR (95% CI): 0.85 (0.64 to 1.13)).ConclusionsThe mode of transmission might be a critical factor determining the disease severity of COVID-19. Patients with emesis symptom, complications or confirmed infection in family members may have longer healing time than others. However, there were no significant favourable effects from TCM when the patients have received antiviral treatment.

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Mortality predictors of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: Retrospective cohort study from Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261272 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261272

Author(s):

Yuriy Pya ◽

Makhabbat Bekbossynova ◽

Abduzhappar Gaipov ◽

Timur Lesbekov ◽

Timur Kapyshev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Predictors Of Mortality

Background First reported case of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Kazakhstan was identified in March 2020. Many specialized tertiary hospitals in Kazakhstan including National Research Cardiac Surgery Center (NRCSC) were re-organized to accept coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients during summer months of 2020. Although many studies from worldwide reported their experience in treating patients with COVID-19, there are limited data available from the Central Asia countries. The aim of this study is to identify predictors of mortality associated with COVID-19 in NRCSC tertiary hospital in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the NRCSC between June 1st–August 31st 2020 with COVID-19. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected from electronic records. In-hospital mortality was assessed as an outcome. Patients were followed-up until in-hospital death or discharge from the hospital. Descriptive statistics and factors associated with mortality were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Two hundred thirty—nine admissions were recorded during the follow-up period. Mean age was 57 years and 61% were males. Median duration of stay at the hospital was 8 days and 34 (14%) patients died during the hospitalization. Non-survivors were more likely to be admitted later from the disease onset, with higher fever, lower oxygen saturation and increased respiratory rate compared to survivors. Leukocytosis, lymphopenia, anemia, elevated liver and kidney function tests, hypoproteinemia, elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and coagulation tests (fibrinogen, D-dimer, international normalized ratio (INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)) at admission were associated with mortality. Age (OR 1.2, CI:1.01–1.43), respiratory rate (OR 1.38, CI: 1.07–1.77), and CRP (OR 1.39, CI: 1.04–1.87) were determined to be independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion This study describes 14% mortality rate from COVID-19 in the tertiary hospital. Many abnormal clinical and laboratory variables at admission were associated with poor outcome. Age, respiratory rate and CRP were found to be independent predictors of mortality. Our finding would help healthcare providers to predict the risk factors associated with high risk of mortality. Further investigations involving large cohorts should be provided to support our findings.

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