scholarly journals Evolving patterns in the presentation of coeliac disease over the last 25 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Callan Stroud ◽  
Orouba Almilaji ◽  
David Nicholas ◽  
Silvia Kirkham ◽  
Susan L Surgenor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo document changes in the clinical features of coeliac disease (CD) at presentation over the last 25 years.DesignObservational study.Patients802 subjects diagnosed between 1993 and 2017 at a single general hospital.Outcome measuresDate of diagnosis, age, sex, postcode, symptoms, haematinic deficiency, smoking status, serology, family history and autoimmune phenomena.ResultsThe incidence of diagnosed CD rose threefold during the course of the study, with a rising prevalence of positive coeliac serology and positive family history of CD, and a falling prevalence of symptoms and haematinic deficiencies. There was little change in the female predominance, age at diagnosis or high prevalence of other autoimmune conditions over the 25 years, and a paucity throughout of cigarette smokers, particularly heavy smokers. A cohort of patients with seronegative CD was identified who shared many of the characteristics of seropositive CD, but with a significantly older age at diagnosis and a higher prevalence of cigarette smokers.ConclusionThere have been major changes in the epidemiology of CD over the last 25 years, of relevance to both our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of CD and the requirement for service provision. The implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk in the Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisam Akhlaghdoust ◽  
Davoud Pirani ◽  
Mohamad Nasiri ◽  
Sahar Lashkari Ahangarani ◽  
Nazgol Haghsetan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
History Of

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of death and morbidity around the world. Risk score assessment can assist in anticipating a person's CVD risk over the next five years. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk of CVDs in the general Iranian population. Methods: This study was conducted in September 2020, and 5324 participants aged 35 to 74 years were registered from 95 metro stations throughout Tehran. Participants' demographics (ie, age, gender, current smoking and exercise habits, and family history of hypertension, CVDs, and diabetes) were collected by in-person interviews, and their body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. The five-year risk of CVDs was estimated and categorized into low (< 10%), some risk (10 - 20%), moderate (21 - 30%), increased (31 - 40%), and high (> 40%) groups, and its association with the participants’ demographics was evaluated by SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of 5324 participants was 45.3 ± 14.8 years, and 64% were male. The frequency of CVD risk scores was as follows: low (54%), some risk (17.5%), moderate (15.4%), increased (5.7%), and high (3.5%), which were significantly associated with gender (P < 0.001), smoking status (P = 0.048), exercise (P = 0.014), and family history of diseases (all P < 0.001). Age (β = 0.774, P < 0.001) increased the odds of CVD, while other variables had small or no effects on CVD. Conclusions: This study found a high prevalence of high-risk CVD in the Iranian population, emphasizing the importance of risk score assessment, which should include not only basic non-laboratory risk assessment scores, but also exercise and a positive family history of associated diseases.

scholarly journals Survival outcomes in men with a positive family history of prostate cancer: a registry based study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mann Ang ◽  
◽  
Martin Borg ◽  
Michael E. O’Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Family History ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background To investigate the correlation between family history of prostate cancer (PCa) and survival (overall and cancer specific) in patients undergoing treatment for PCa. Methods ine thousand four hundred fifty-nine patients with PCa were extracted from the South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative (SA-PCCOC) database. Diagnosis occurred after 1998 and treatment before 2014. Cox proportional-hazards modeling was used to assess the effect of family history on overall survival after adjustment for confounders (age at diagnosis, NCCN risk category and year of treatment), and with stratification by primary treatment group. Competing risks regression modelling was used to assess PCa specific mortality. Results Men with a positive family history of PCa appear to have a lower Gleason score at the time of diagnosis (50% with Gleason < 7, compared to 39% in those without family history) and be diagnosed at a lower age (64 vs 69). Men with a positive family history of PCa appear to have better overall survival outcomes (p < 0.001, log rank test). In analysis adjusting for age at diagnosis, NCCN risk category and year of treatment, family history remained a significant factor when modelling overall survival (HR 0.72 95% CI 0.55–0.95, p = 0.021). There were no significant differences in treatment subgroups of radical prostatectomy (p = 0.7) and radiotherapy (0.054). Conclusion Men with a positive family history of PCa appear to have better overall survival outcomes. This better survival may represent lead time bias and early initiation of PSA screening. Family history of PCa was not associated with different survival outcomes in men who were treated with either radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy.

scholarly journals DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 gene polymorphisms are associated with positive family history of preterm birth and smoking status

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Barišić ◽  
Maja Kolak ◽  
Ana Peterlin ◽  
Nataša Tul ◽  
Milena Gašparović Krpina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Wei-Wei Gong ◽  
Feng Lu ◽  
Ru-Ying Hu ◽  
Qing-Fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated inconsistent relationships of diabetes with thyroid cancer risk, yet little is known in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between diabetes, diabetes duration and the risk of thyroid cancer in Chinese population. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province including 2,937 thyroid cancer cases and 2,937 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer were estimated in logistic regression models. Specific effects stratified by age, as well as sex, body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes were also examined. Results Overall, neither diabetes (OR = 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.21–2.73) nor diabetes duration (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI: 0.02–1.22 for diabetes duration ≦ 5 years; OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 0.32–13.94 for diabetes duration > 5 years) was significantly associated with thyroid cancer. In stratified analyses, significant lower risk of thyroid cancer was observed among subjects with diabetes and shorter diabetes duration ( ≦ 5 years), but limited to those who were aged more than 40 years, female, overweight/obese and had positive family history of diabetes. Conclusions Diabetes and shorter diabetes duration were significantly associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals characterized by older age, female sex, higher BMI and positive family history of diabetes.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

A Group Therapy Approach to Facilitate Integration of Risk Information for Women at Risk for Breast Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Esplen ◽  
Brenda Toner ◽  
Jonathan Hunter ◽  
Gordon Glendon ◽  
Kate Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
History Of

Objective: To describe and illustrate elements of a group counselling approach designed to enhance the communication of risk information on breast cancer (BC) to women with a family history of this disease. Breast cancer is a leading cause of female cancer death. The most important risk factor for BC is a positive family history in at least 1 first-degree relative, and approximately one-third of women with BC have a family history of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is a significant psychological impact associated with having a family history of BC, and this may influence the psychological adjustment and response to being counselled for personal risk. New counselling approaches are required. Method: This paper describes a group therapy approach that incorporates principles of supportive-expressive therapy designed to address the emotional impact of being at risk for BC and to promote accuracy of perceived risk. The key elements of the intervention are described along with clinical illustrations from groups that are part of an ongoing study to develop and standardize the group therapy. Conclusion: Qualitative data from the groups suggest that this model of therapy is both feasible and effective.

Levels of anxiety, depression and denial in patients with myocardial infarction

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sarantidis ◽  
A Thomas ◽  
K Iphantis ◽  
N Katsaros ◽  
J Tripodianakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Previous Myocardial Infarction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Anxiety Depression

SummaryIn this study we investigated 1) the changes in anxiety, depression and denial from admission to discharge in patients admitted to the intensive care unit following an acute myocardial infarction and 2) the effect of smoking habits, time lapsed from the appearance of symptoms to seeking help behavior, presence of a person that motivated the patient to seek help, previous myocardial infarction (MI) and family history of MI, on these changes. The results indicated that 1) the levels of both anxiety and depression increased from admission to discharge, while denial decreased; 2) positive family history of MI was associated with lower difference of denial between admission and discharge.

Blood Pressure and Intra-Erythrocyte Sodium during Normal and High Salt Intake in Middle-Aged Men: Relationship to Family History of Hypertension, and Neurogenic and Hormonal Variables

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Gudmundsson ◽  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Thomas Hedner ◽  
Ove Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. During 4 weeks 37 normotensive 50-year-old men identified by screening in a random population sample were given 12 g of NaCl daily, in addition to their usual dietary sodium intake. Blood pressure, heart rate, weight, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and catecholamines, plasma aldosterone and noradrenaline and intra-erythrocyte sodium content were determined on normal and increased salt intake. The subjects were divided into those with a positive family history of hypertension (n = 11) and those without such a history (n = 26). 2. Systolic blood pressure and weight increased significantly irrespective of a positive family history of hypertension. 3. On normal salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content was significantly higher in those with a positive family history of hypertension. During high salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content decreased significantly in that group and the difference between the hereditary subgroups was no longer significant. 4. In the whole group urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine increased whereas plasma aldosterone decreased during the increased salt intake. 5. Thus, in contrast to some earlier studies performed in young subjects, our results indicate that moderately increased sodium intake acts as a pressor agent in normotensive middle-aged men whether there was a positive family history of hypertension or not. We confirm that men with positive family history of hypertension have an increased intra-erythrocyte sodium content, and that an increase in salt intake seems to increase overall sympathetic activity.

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