scholarly journals Impact evaluation of immunisation service integration to nutrition programmes and paediatric outpatient departments of primary healthcare centres in Rumbek East and Rumbek Centre counties of South Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e001034
Author(s):  
Israel Oluwaseyidayo Idris ◽  
Justin Geno Obwoya ◽  
Janet Tapkigen ◽  
Serifu Ayobami Lamidi ◽  
Victor A Ochagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Service Integration ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
The Third ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine ◽  
Immunisation Service ◽  
Paediatric Outpatient ◽  
Outpatient Departments

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of immunisation service integration to nutrition programmes and under 5-year-old paediatric outpatient departments of primary healthcare centres in Rumbek East and Rumbek Centre counties of South Sudan.DesignRetrospective intervention study.SettingThree primary healthcare centres in Rumbek East county and three primary healthcare centres in Rumbek Centre county of Lakes state in South Sudan.ParticipantWe extracted the data for the uptake of pentavalent vaccine (first, second and third dose) given to children aged between 6 weeks and 23 months from immunisation records for January–June 2019 before immunisation service integration and July–December 2019 after immunisation service integration from the District Health Information System 2 website to estimate the immunisation uptake ratios and drop-out rates.ResultsThe uptake of the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine improved from 61% to 96% (p<0.001) after immunisation service integration into the nutrition programmes of the primary healthcare centres in Rumbek Centre county. The uptake of the second pentavalent dose improved from 37% to 69% (p<0.001) and for the third pentavalent dose from 36% to 62% (p<0.001), while the drop-out rate reduced from 57% to 40% (p<0.001). While in Rumbek East county, the uptake of the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine improved from 55% to 77% (p<0.001) after immunisation service integration into the under 5-year-old paediatric outpatient departments. The uptake of the second dose improved from 36% to 62% (p<0.001) and for the third dose from 44% to 63% (p<0.001), while the drop-out rate reduced from 40% to 28% (p<0.001). Children were 23% more likely (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.36, p<0.001) to be immunised with the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine on immunisation service integration into the nutrition programmes of primary healthcare centres of Rumbek Centre county in comparison to integration into under 5-year-old outpatient departments of Rumbek East county.ConclusionIntegration of immunisation service delivery to nutrition sites and children’s outpatient departments improved the immunisation coverage and decreased drop-out rates in the Rumbek East and Rumbek Centre counties of South Sudan. This evidence of positive impact should encourage the stakeholders of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation to focus on the sustainability and scale-up of this intervention to other counties in South Sudan, as logistically as possible.

scholarly journals Impact evaluation of immunisation service integration to nutrition programmes and pediatric outpatient departments of primary health care centers in Rumbek East and Rumbek Centre counties of South Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISRAEL OLUWASEYIDAYO IDRIS ◽  
Serifu Ayobami Lamidi ◽  
Victor A Ochagu ◽  
Janet Tapkigen ◽  
Justin Geno Obwoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Service Integration ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Immunisation Service ◽  
Outpatient Departments ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Abstract Objective:To evaluate the impact of immunisation service integration to nutrition programmes and under 5-year-old outpatient departments of primary health care centres in Rumbek East and Rumbek Centre counties of South Sudan.Design:A retrospective intervention study was conducted in selected primary health care centers (PHCCs).Setting:The study was conducted in 3 primary healthcare centres in Rumbek East county and 3 primary healthcare centres in Rumbek Centre county in Lakes state of South Sudan.Participant:We extracted the data for the uptake of pentavalent vaccine (1st, 2nd and 3rd dose) given to children between 6 weeks old to 23 months old from immunisation records for January to June 2019 before immunisation service integration and July 2019 to December 2019 after immunisation service integration on the District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) website to estimate the immunisation uptake ratio and drop-out rate.Results:The uptake of the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine improved from 61–96% (p < 0.001) after immunisation service integration into the nutrition programmes of the primary health care centers in Rumbek Centre county. The uptake of the second pentavalent dose improved from 37–69% (p = 0.102) and for the third pentavalent dose from 36–62% (p < 0.001), while the drop-out rate reduced from 57–40% (p < 0.001). While in Rumbek East county, the uptake of the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine improved from 55–77% (p < 0.001) after immunisation service integration into the under 5-year-old pediatric outpatient departments. The uptake of the second dose improved from 36–62% (p < 0.001) and for the third dose from 44–63% (p < 0.001), while the drop-out rate reduced from 40–28% (p < 0.001). Children were 23% more likely (RR: 1.23 [95% CI: 1.01–1.50]) to have been immunised with the first dose of the pentavalent vaccine upon immunisation service integration into the nutrition programmes of primary health care centers of Rumbek Centre county in comparison to integration into under 5-year-old outpatient departments of Rumbek East county.Conclusion:Integration of immunisation service delivery to nutrition sites and children’s outpatient departments improved the immunisation coverage and decreased drop-out rate. Stakeholders of the extended programme on immunisation should focus on the sustainability and scale-up of this intervention as it has high potential to improve childhood immunisation coverage and lower the high rates of vaccine preventable deaths among the children in South Sudan.

Entwicklung und Evaluation einer internetbasierten begleiteten Selbsthilfe-Intervention zur Bewältigung von Albträumen

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Böckermann ◽  
Annika Gieselmann ◽  
Marjolijn Sorbi ◽  
Reinhard Pietrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Hintergrund: Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Entwicklung eines internetbasierten begleiteten Selbsthilfetrainings (Albtraumcoach) zur Bewältigung von Albträumen, das innerhalb zweier Pilotstudien auf seine Durchführbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit getestet wurde. Methoden: Innerhalb eines neunstufigen Modells wird die Entwicklung der Intervention beschrieben. Dabei wird neben der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz, die die Basis für die Intervention bildet, auf technische, ethische, datenschutzrechtliche und weitere spezifische Maßnahmen innerhalb der Interventionsentwicklung eingegangen. In zwei Pilotstudien evaluierten zudem 10 Personen mit schlechten Träumen in der Vergangenheit die Durchführbarkeit (Studie 1) und 12 Personen mit wiederkehrenden Albträumen die Anwendbarkeit sowie den Nutzen der Intervention (Studie 2). Abhängige Variablen waren die Qualität der einzelnen Sitzungen, die Zufriedenheit mit der Intervention sowie Albtraumfrequenz, Albtraumbelastung, Schlafqualität und Depressivität. Ergebnisse und Diskussion: Die Durchführbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit des Trainings wurden positiv beurteilt. Während die Drop-out-Rate verhältnismäßig hoch war, ergaben sich erste, zurückhaltend zu beurteilende, Hinweise für einen Nutzen der Intervention.

Ohrakupunktur in der Therapie alkohol- und substanzbezogener Störungen – eine Übersicht

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Kunz ◽  
Michael Schulz ◽  
Gabriele Syrbe ◽  
Martin Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Randomisierte Kontrollierte Studien ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Kontrollierte Studien ◽  
Methodische Qualität

<B>Fragestellung:</B> Lässt die wissenschaftliche Datenlage positive Behandlungseffekte durch Ohrakupunktur in der Entzugsbehandlung von Alkohol- und Opiatabhängigen erwarten? </P><P> <B>Methodik:</B> Die im Rahmen der Recherche gefundenen Studien bezogen sich auf den Entzug von Alkohol (sechs) und von Kokain und Opiaten (acht). Die Studien wurden auf ihre methodische Qualität hin überprüft. </P><P> <B>Ergebnisse:</B> Es konnten 14 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCT) zu Ohrakupunktur in der Behandlung von Alkohol- und Opiatabhängigkeit identifiziert werden. Dabei weisen die meisten Studien methodische Mängel auf. Ein Vergleich der Studien ist aufgrund unterschiedlicher Paradigmen kaum möglich, die Drop Out Rate liegt häufig über 20%. </P><P> <B>Schlussfolgerung:</B> Insgesamt reicht die verfügbare wissenschaftliche Datenlage nicht aus, um eine positive Wirkung der Akupunktur bei substanzbezogenen Störungen als gesichert anzunehmen.

Effectiveness of Classification Measures in Predicting Achievement in the Israel Defence Forces - Fitness Instruction Trainers Courses as a Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 145-172
Author(s):  
Yair Galily ◽  
Orly Kayam ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Army Service ◽  
Israeli Army ◽  
Israel Defense Forces

Abstract Human resources are the most crucial element in the selection of suitable fitness instruction trainers (FIT) and the results of the screening process impact greatly on the entire physical training system in the Israeli army, both in the short-term and the long-term (potential officers, young officers and developing and veteran officers). The aim of the current study is to examine the effectiveness, validity and reliability of the screening process for acceptance to the female fitness instructors training course in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The screening process aims to identify those that are most suitable from a large pool of candidates, in order to ensure the highest possible level of candidates and the lowest possible drop-out rate from the training course and subsequent army service. The paper examines the reliability of the classification exam currently administered in the course and its validity in predicting those candidates who will succeed in the course and in their assignments afterwards. The sample is based on a data analysis of nine screening dates over three years (three each year). The evaluation of validity is based on the relationship between the course entrance exam grades (administered a year before enlistment), exam grades at the beginning of the course and additional data relating to success in the field.

scholarly journals Potential Virus Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease: Results from a Phase IIa Trial Evaluating Apovir, an Antiviral Drug Combination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Nina Lindblom ◽  
Lars Lindquist ◽  
Jacob Westman ◽  
Mikael Åström ◽  
Roger Bullock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Background: Accumulating data suggest infectious agents are involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The two primary aims of this trial were to assess safety and efficacy of an antiviral drug combination on AD progression. Objective: The trial evaluated whether Apovir, a combination of two antiviral agents, pleconaril (active on enteroviruses) and ribavirin (active on several viruses), could slow AD progression. Methods: Sixty-nine patients 60–85 years were treated with Apovir or placebo for 9 months and followed until 12 months after end of treatment. Cognitive tests, safety, biomarkers, drug plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were assessed. Results: The tolerability of Apovir was compromised as demonstrated by the large drop-out rate and increased frequency and severity of adverse events. The primary endpoint, demonstrating a difference in change from baseline to 9 months between groups in ADAS-cog total score, was not met (p = 0.1809). However, there were observations indicating potential effects on both ADAS-cog and CDR-SB but these effects need to be verified. Also, there was a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β in Apovir at 9 months (p = 0.0330) but no change in placebo. Conclusion: This was the first randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial exploring antiviral treatment on AD progression. The trial is considered inconclusive due to the large drop-out rate. New trials are needed to verify if the indications of effect observed can be confirmed and which component(s) in Apovir contributed to such effects. Pleconaril alone may be studied to improve the tolerability and to verify if enterovirus is involved in the disease process.

scholarly journals Service Use, Drop-Out Rate and Clinical Outcomes: A Comparison Between High and Low Intensity Treatments in an IAPT Service

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella W. Y. Chan ◽  
Malcolm Adams
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Background: The IAPT services provide high and low intensity psychological treatments for adults suffering from depression and anxiety disorders using a stepped care model. The latest national evaluation study reported an average recovery rate of 42%. However, this figure varied widely between services, with better outcomes associated with higher “step-up” rates between low and high intensity treatments. Aims: This study aimed to compare the two intensity groups in an IAPT service in Suffolk. Method: This study adopted a between groups design. A sample of 100 service users was randomly selected from the data collected from an IAPT service in Suffolk between May 2008 and February 2011. The treatment outcomes, drop-out rate, and other characteristics were compared between those who received high and low intensity treatments. Results: The high intensity group received, on average, more sessions and contact time. They received more CBT sessions and less guided self-help. There were no group differences in terms of the drop-out and appointment cancellation rates. Analyses on clinical outcomes suggested no group difference but demonstrated an overall recovery rate of 52.6% and significant reduction in both depression and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: Despite methodological limitations, this study concludes that the service as a whole achieved above-average clinical outcomes. Further research building upon the current study in unpacking the relative strengths and weaknesses for the high and low intensity treatments would be beneficial for service delivery.

Attendance at a psychiatric day centre

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-182
Author(s):  
Gerry Lynch ◽  
Margaret McKee ◽  
Daniel M Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
First Year ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjective: To examine the service utilisation of a newly opened psychiatric day centre. We wished to determine if different diagnostic groups had different perspectives of the day centre, and to see if the drop-out rate differed among clients with neurotic or psychotic disorders.Method: Demographic and diagnostic data was gathered for all clients referred in the first year of operation of the day centre. Those who defaulted from attendance were visited at home and asked to detail reasons for non-attendance. Those who continued to attend 16 months after the centre opened completed a satisfaction survey.Results: The drop-out rate was high for both clients with neurotic and psychotic disorders. Clients who continued to attend were very positive about the day centre. Both client groups saw the benefits of attendance in social rather than therapeutic terms.Conclusions: Consumer opinion may have a valuable part to play in overall measure,measurement of service quality, particularly if it includes the opinion of those who no longer use that service.

WHY IS THE SCHOOL DROP-OUT RATE SO HIGH?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-336
Author(s):  
Student
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Positive Statements ◽  
Negative Statements ◽  
Years Of Schooling

Eighty percent of students entering school feel good about themselves and who they are. By the fifth grade only 20 percent have high self-esteem. By the time students become seniors in high school, the percentage who have managed to keep a positive level of self-esteem has dropped to 5 percent. Students encounter the equivalent of 60 days each year reprimanding, nagging and punishment. During 12 years of schooling a student is subject to 15,000 negative statements. That's three times the amount of positive statements received.

Effektivität stationärer psychosomatischer Behandlung – Ergebnisse einer naturalistischen Zweijahresuntersuchung

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (07) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Valdés-Stauber ◽  
Alexander Fuchs ◽  
Sören Reiner ◽  
Susanne Bachthaler
Keyword(s):  
Prognostische Faktoren ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Stationäre psychosomatische Behandlung entspricht den Versorgungsbedürfnissen westlicher Gesellschaften. Untersuchungen zu ihrer Effektivität in verschiedenen Settings sind notwendig, da stationär-psychosomatische Behandlung fester Bestandteil der deutschen Versorgungslandschaft geworden ist. Fragestellung Ziel der Studie ist die Untersuchung, ob sich die Werte für die klinischen und ressourcenbezogenen Variablen signifikant verbessern und ob es Zusammenhänge zwischen diesen Outcome-Variablen und Variablen aus einem mehrdimensionalen Patientenprofil gibt. Methode Die Stichprobe besteht aus allen, in den Jahren 2014 und 2015 aufgenommenen Patienten (N=321, davon 283 in die Studie einwilligenden). Die Prä-Post-Analyse der mit validierten Tests untersuchten klinischen und ressourcenbezogenen Variablen erfolgt anhand von t-Tests, einschließlich Effektstärken. Zusammenhänge zwischen Outcome-Variablen und Variablen aus dem mehrdimensionalen Patientenprofil wurden anhand bivariater Tests und multivariater linearer Regressionsmodelle durchgeführt. Unterschiede zwischen positivem und negativem Outcome wurden mit logistischen Modellen untersucht. Ergebnisse Die Drop-out-Rate durch nicht einwilligende Patienten beträgt 11,8%, durch unvollständige Datensätze 6,9%, durch Aufgabe während des stationären Aufenthaltes 4,1% (Drop-out-Rate insgesamt: 22,8%). Funktionalität, Selbstwirksamkeit und Lebensqualität verbessern sich, allgemeine Symptombelastung, Krankheitsschwere, Depressivität, interpersonelle Probleme und Verbitterung sinken (p<0,001) mit Effektstärken zwischen 0,39 und 1,42 (durchschnittlich für klinische Zielvariablen: 0,98). Zwischen der Besserung der persönlichen Ressourcen und dem klinischen Status wurden deutliche Zusammenhänge gefunden. 10% der Patienten berichten von einer klinischen Verschlechterung. Diskussion Stationäre psychosomatische Krankenhausbehandlung ist effektiv hinsichtlich der klinischen Besserung und der Qualität der Behandlung. Ressourcenbezogene und klinische Variablen als Outcome-Variablen korrelieren bidirektional, wobei die Art der kausalen Verbindung unklar bleibt. Prognostische Faktoren sind spärlich. Schlussfolgerungen Ist die stationäre psychosomatische Behandlung indiziert, kann bei gegebenen strukturellen Voraussetzungen von ihrer Effektivität ausgegangen werden. Der Verlauf scheint sehr individuell zu sein. Depressivität und Verbitterung scheinen Epiphänomene aller psychosomatischen Störungen zu sein.

scholarly journals The role of word frequencies in detecting unfamiliar terms and their effect on response quality

Psihologija ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Slavec ◽  
Vasja Vehovar
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Exchange Students ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
The University

Research into cognitive aspects of survey response has indicated unfamiliar terms as one of the psycholinguistic determinants of question comprehensibility problems. In this paper the estimates of wording familiarity based on text corpora for the English and Slovenian languages were used to detect potentially incomprehensible wordings in two web survey questionnaires for international exchange students at the University of Ljubljana, one for incoming (English) and the other for outgoing students (Slovenian). Two versions of the questionnaire were developed for each language, one with low-frequency (complex) and the other with high-frequency (improved) wordings, and compared in a split-ballot experiment. The results show a lower drop-out rate and a decreased subjective perception of difficulty for the improved language versions.

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